2013 Bohol

earthquake
TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE-RESILIENT
BUILDINGS: EXPOSURE/DAMAGE DATABASE
FOR THE 2013 BOHOL PHILIPPINES
EARTHQUAKE
  A comprehensive database featuring both damaged and
undamaged structures related to the M7.2 Bohol Philippines
earthquake is assembled. It accounts for over 25,000 buildings
located at various earthquake intensity levels, in urban and rural
areas.

 Each structure in selected sites is described based on

• Structural materials
Introduction • Building use
• Height
• Occupancy
• Site morphology
• Construction era
• Damage sustained during the event
  Seismic fragility functions represent the relationship between
earthquake damage and a ground motion parameter following
either one or a combination of these approaches:

• empirical analysis based on statistical evaluation of post

earthquake damage data
• analytical analysis using numerical simulations of structural models
• heuristic analysis based on engineering judgement and expertise
Introduction  Study specifically explores the risk factors that have played key roles
(Cont.d) in the outcome of the M7.2 Bohol Philippines earthquake. The Bohol
earthquake has the essential ingredients required in furnishing a
meaningful seismic risk assessment, a step towards building
earthquake-resilient structures

 The Exposure/Damage Database for Bohol Earthquake

• Post-event Survey
• Building Typology
• Site Selection
  Study highlights

• The key role of empirical data in validating

building fragility
• Vulnerability models for improved seismic
regulations

Problem • Credible impact forecasts

Statement
 Fostering resilience against earthquakes necessitates proper
evaluation of building performance. The core elements at risk
whenever a huge earthquake occurs are the people and the
buildings. While an exposure database describes these elements
at risk before an earthquake happens, the damage database

Significance provides an inventory of damage incurred during the event. In this

study, a comprehensive database featuring both damaged and

&
undamaged structures related to the M7.2 Bohol Philippines
earthquake is assembled

Methodology
Results & Discussion
Results &
Discussion
(Cont.d)
Results &
Discussion
(Cont.d)
Results &
Discussion
Results &
Discussion
 An exposure/damage database has been assembled to account for the
observed structural damage due to the M7.2 Bohol Philippines
earthquake. Prevalent building classes that emerge from this database
include wood (W1), confined masonry (C1), concrete hollow blocks (CHB)
and low masonry skirt walls with wood (MWS). These include low-rise
buildings sampled in both urban and rural settings at various construction
vintages. Furthermore, the dataset features four well-represented damage
states with good variation of intensity spanning from VI to IX.

For the earthquake performance of structures, W1 seems to be the most

Conclusion resilient building type among the four types evaluated in this study. W1
returns lower likelihood of exceeding the damage thresholds. The
proportion of damaged buildings is less for modern buildings than the old
ones, perhaps reflecting an improvement in seismic code over time. Also,
structures in urban areas seem to perform much better than rural
structures, probably due to the variation in construction practices.
For future undertakings, the vulnerability curves corresponding to
selected building types can be validated. Information on costs of repair
and reconstruction costs sourced from local engineers and contractors can
constrain and update these vulnerability models.