Solving Rational Equations

July 02, 2019

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Solving an equation or inequality

To solve an equation or inequality in

one variable such as x means to find all
values of x for which the equation or
inequality is true.

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Procedures… Solving Rational
Equations
1. Eliminate denominators by
multiplying each term of the
equation by the LCD
2. Eliminating denominators may
introduce extraneous solutions.
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Example 1

Solve
  for x:

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Solution

  LCD of is 5x.
 Multiply 5x to both sides

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Solution

 

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Check…

Substitute
  to the original equation

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Example 2

Solve
  for x:

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Solution

  LCD of is
 Multiply on both sides

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Solution

 

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Solution

 

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Solution

 

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Solution

 

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Example 3

Solve
  for x:

Ans:

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Application

In an inter – barangay basketball league, the

team from Brgy. Cabaruan has won 12 out of 25
games, a winning percentage of 48%. How many
games should they win in a row to improve their
win percentage to 60%?
Ans: 8 games
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Application

Jason walks 5 km from his house to Centro to

buy a new bike which he uses to return home.
He averaged 10 km per hour faster on his bike
than on foot. If his total trip took 1 hr and 20
mins, what is his walking speed in kph?
Ans: v=5 kph
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Problems

2. Two ships travelling from Maconacon to Sta.

Ana differ in average speed by 10 kph. The
slower ship takes 3 hours longer to travel a 240
km route than the faster ship to travel a 200 km
route. Find the speed of the ships.
Ans: 30 kph, 40 kph
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Problems

An express train travels 150 km at the same

time a freight train travels 100 km. if the
express train goes 20 km per hour faster than
the freight train, find the rate of each train.
Ans: 40kph, 60kph
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Problems

Carlos and Robert leave town A at the same

time. They are heading for town B. Carlos,
driving his sports car, travels 65 kph. Robert,
on a motorcycle travels at 55 kph. How long
will it be before they are 55 km apart?

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Problems

A  large pipe can empty a pool in 6 hours

and a small pipe can empty the same
pool in 9 hours. How long will it take for
both pipes to empty the pool?
Ans: hours
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Problems

Two inlet pipes can fill an empty pool

in 3 days and 6 days respectively. A
pump can empty a full pool in 4 days.
How long will it take to fill the empty
pool if both pipes are open and the
pump is on?
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Problems

Mr. Santos travelled for 2 hours at a constant

speed. Because of potholes, he reduced his
speed by 7 km per hour for the next two
hours. If he travelled 206 km, what was his
speed on the first part of the trip?

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Problems

Two planes leave at the same time. One

flies west at 300 km/hr. The other flies
east at 450 km/hr. In how many hours
will they be 2250 km apart?

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Problems

One-sixth of a number is 3 less than

one – half of the same number. What is
the number?
Ans: 9

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Problems

The denominator of a certain fraction is three

times the numerator. If 2 is added to the
numerator and subtracted from the denominator,
the result is 3/5. Find the original fraction.
Ans: 4/12

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Problems

The denominator of a fraction is 4 more

than the numerator. If 4 is added to the
numerator and 7 is added to the
denominator, the value of the fraction
is ½. Find the original fraction.
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Problems

Ed can do a job in 4 days. When Ed

and Mayday work together, it would
take them 2 1/3 days. Find the number
of days if Mayday will work alone?

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SOLVING RATIONAL INEQUALITY

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Solving Rational Inequality

Solve
 

Ans: 1

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Solving Rational Inequality

Solve
 

Ans: ??????

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Reason …

Given
  why is it not valid to rewrite this
as

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Recall that…

  If is positive, then is equivalent to

Note: (The inequality symbol is
retained)

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Recall that…

  If is negative, then is equivalent to

Note: (The inequality symbol is
reversed)

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Recall that…

  Since could be positive or negative,

then there is no single inequality that is
equivalent to

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Procedures in Solving Rational
Inequality
 Use addition or subtraction to rewrite
the inequality as a single fraction on
one side of the inequality symbol and
0 on the other side. Why?

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Interval and Set Notation

An
  inequality may have infinitely many
solutions. The set of all solutions can
be expressed using or

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Interval and Set Notation

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Interval and Set Notation

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Procedures in Solving Rational
Inequality
 Determine over what intervals the fraction
takes on positive and negative values.
i. Locate the x- values for which the rational
expression is zero or undefined
ii. Mark the numbers found in (i) on the number
line
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Procedures in Solving Rational
Inequality
iii. Select a test point within the interior
of each interval in (ii).
iv. Summarize the intervals containing
th e solutions.

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Example 1

 
Solve the inequality

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Solution

Rewrite
  the inequality as a single
fraction on one side.

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Solution

 

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Solution

 

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Solution

 
Find the zeros…

So, x=1 is part of the solution

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Solution

 
Find the zeros…

So, x=-1, not part of the solution

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Solution

Mark the numbers in the number line

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Solution…
Test points
Interval
Test point
+
+ +
+ +
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Solution

Since
  we are looking for the intervals
where the fraction is positive or zero, the
solution intervals are and

Solution set:
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Example 2

Solve
  for
Ans:

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Problems

1.  ;
2. ;
3. ;

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Problems

4. 
5. ;
6.

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Application

A box with a square base is to have a volume of

8 cubic meters. Let x be the length of the side
of the square base and h be the height of the
box. What are the possible measurements of a
side of the square base if the height should be
longer than a side of the square base?
Gen Math: Solving Rational Equations and Inequalities
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The volume of the box is
the product of its length,
width and height. Since
h square base, then

and so

x
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Solution

Note
  that “height should be longer than
a side of the square base” so

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Solution

 

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Solution

 
By factoring, we have

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Solution

 
Zeroes:

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Solution
Interval x<0 0<x<2 x>2
Test Point
+ + -
+ + +
+ + +
+ + -
+ + -
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Solution

Since
  we are looking for values greater
than 0, it must be positive. Valid values
would be

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Solution

 the
  height of the box should be less
than 2 meters.

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Application 2

A school group wants to rent part of a

bowling alley to have a party. The bowling
alley costs P500 to rent, plus an additional
charge of P5 per student to bowl. The group
doesn’t want any student to pay more than

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Application 2

P15 total to attend the party. What is

the inequality that could represent this
situation? How many students would
need to attend so that each student
would pay at most P15?
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Application 3

A dressmaker ordered several meters of

red cloth from a vendor, but the vendor
only had 4 meters of red cloth in stock.
The vendor bought the remaining
lengths of red cloth from a wholesaler
for P1120.
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Application 2

He then sold those lengths of red cloth to the

dressmaker along with the original 4 meters of
cloth for a total of P1600. If the vendor’s price per
meter is at least P10 more than the wholesaler’s
price per meter, what possible lengths of cloth did
the vendor purchase from the wholesaler?
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Solution

Let x be the length of additional cloth

purchased by the vendor from the
wholesaler

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Solution

The
  wholesaler’s price per meter is

The vendor’s price per meter is

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Solution

Since
  the vendor’s price per meter is at
least P10 more than the wholesaler’s,
the inequality can be written as

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Solution

Simplify
  the inequality (divide by 10
on both sides)

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Solution

 
Rewrite with zero on 1 side

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Solution

LCD:
 

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Solution

 
Simplify

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Solution

 
So,

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Solution

 
This can be written as

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Solution

 
Which results to a factorable numerator

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Solution

 
the zeros are and undefined at

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solution

So the number line would be

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solution

Corresponding table of signs

Interval x<-4 -4<x<0 0<x<16 16<x<28 x>28
Test point

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Solution

The
  expression is negative in the
interval
&
But since we are dealing with length,
we disregard the length w/c is negative
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Solution

Also,
  x=16, and x=28 are both part of
the solution.
the vendor bought and sold an
additional of red cloth between 16 to 28
meters to the dressmaker.
Gen Math: Solving Rational Equations and Inequalities