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N ONAL GY
RESOUR
CES
PRESEN B :-
TED Y
ANK SAXE & ANA PRAK
IT NA ND ASH
MECHANI ENGINEE
CAL RING DEP
T.
WELCOME TO
FUTURE
Introduction
rate that is equal to or greater than the rate at which they are used, and
depletion is usually not a worry.
dioxide when they are burnt – this leads to the green house
effect and global warming.
Sectorwise Consumption of Electricity (Utilities)
during
2011-12
r
,
a
c
t
i
o
o
&
R
a
l
l
,
v
.
a i l
v
s
2%
O
th
er
s
t isti
Source wise and state wise estimated potentia o l f
renewab e lpowe n rINDIA
i as on 31.03.2012
Tot:al
~-iJulPaww
SmaUBydro Biomass C~eneratiOD- l\'aste to
Saim/urs Es iim:ated Dis iribation
P-.- Power b:ar;asse Ebur;y
~-wrses ~)
l 2 3 4 5 6 7
g
Andhla Pradesh 5394 seo 578 300 123 @55
7.75
Amnachal Pradesh 201 1334 g 0 0 1543 1.72
Assam 53 239 212 0 s 512 0.57
Bihar 0 213 619 300 73 1205 1.34
.
Chhamsgam 23 993 236 0 24 1276
1.42
Goa 0 7 26 0 0 33
0.04
G.tpaat 10609 197 1221 350 112 J~gg
13.91
Haryana 0 no 1333 350 24 1817 2.02
Hilmcha.l Ptadesh 20 2268 1-0 0 2 ~32
2.71
J.mDD & Kashmir 5311 1418 43 0 0 6772
7.54
Jha:::kband 0 209 90 0 10 309 034
Kamaraka 8591 ~48 1131 450 151 11071 12.33
Kera.la 790 70-l 10!4 0 36 2574
2.87
Madhya Pradesh 920 $0,J 1364 0 7S 3166
3.53
Maha.-asho:a 5-09 733 1887 1250 2S7 9596
10.69
Manipnr 7 109 u 0 2 131 0.15
Megha.laya +4 230 11 0 2 ~
0.32
MIZOram 0 167 1 0 2 170 0.19
Kagatmd 3 197 10 0 0 zio
0..23
Ocbsha 910 295 246 0 ~ l-H3
1.64
Pw:ijab 0 393 3172 300 ~5 3910
4.36
Rajasthan 5005 57 1039 0 62 6163
6.87
Sll.kim 9.8 266 2 0 0 366 0.41
TamlNadu 5374 660 1070 450 151 Ti'OS 8.58
Tiipw:a 0 41 3 0 2 52
0.06
Solar Energy
Radiant Energy
De Helium
uter
ium
Ener
gy
Tritiu
m Neutron
Major uses of Solar Energy
Heating Water
Space Heating
Day lighting
Passive Solar
Heating
Concentrating
Solar Thermal
Photovoltaic's
(PV
)
Passive Solar
--
-
-
-
-
Power Tower
Photovoltaic Components
PV Cells
Modules
Arrays
Advantages of Solar Energy
Clean
Free of cost
Costly equipment.
Part Time.
LO W
TIDE
• Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels due to combined effect
of the Moon , the Sun and rotation of the Earth.
Tidal Energy
– It is predictable
• Bonneville
Dam upstream
from Portland
• Energy from
the turbines is
collected on
bus bars for
transmission
After a transformer raises the voltage (and
decreases the current), the high lines connect to the
red-and-white tower’s insulators to be connected
into the grid
Utah Dam Electrical Transformers
High
power has
three
phases,
thus three
single-
phase
transformer
s are used
for each
generator’s
output
Working Of Water Wheels
• The water strikes the wheel about mid-way up
so the inertia and the weight of the water push
the wheel around
Water Flow
Hydroelectric Power Plants in India
Continued …
Continued …
Wind Energy
Winds are caused by the uneven heating of the
atmosphere by the sun, the irregularities of the
earth's surface, and rotation of the earth.
eec.l
H ·
o
· u
s
i
• Blades are connected to a hub, which is connected to a shaft
n
• Rotational speed will depend on blade geometry, number of blades, and wind speed
g
(40 to 400 revolutions per minute typical speed range)
• Gear box needed to increase speed to 1200-1800 RPM for generator
Contd….
How Wind Power Works Horiz ntal-axis Turbine
Nacelle----------..
Hub------~~~-
Low-speed High-speed
Shaft Shaft
Transfor
mer
Small ( 10 kW)
• Homes Intermediate
• Farms (10-250 kW)
• Remote Application • Village Power
- , I
• Hybrid Systems
'
I • Distributed Power