THERMOPLASTICS AND

THERMOSETS
DONE BY:
NASMIN
WARDA
RIJIN
VISHAL
THERMOPLASTICS AND THERMOSETTING
PLASTICS
 thermoplastic materials typically have low melting points due to which it can further be
remoulded or recycled easily.
 On the other hand, thermosetting plastic is quite the opposite. They can withstand high
temperatures and once hardened these cannot be reformed or recycled even with the application of
heat.
 Some examples of thermoplastics are listed below.
• Polystyrene
• Teflon
• Acrylic
• Nylon
 Examples of thermosetting polymers include:
• Vulcanized rubber
• Bakelite
• Polyurethane
• Epoxy resin
• Vinyl ester resin
 THEMOPLASTICS
 Thermoplastic can be synthesized by the
process called addition polymerization.
 Thermoplastic is processed by injection
moulding, extrusion process, blow moulding,
thermoforming process, and rotational
moulding.
 Thermoplastics have secondary bonds
between molecular chains.
 Thermoplastics have low melting points and
low tensile strength.
 Thermoplastic is lower in molecular weight,
compared to thermosetting plastic.
THERMOSETTINGS
 Thermosetting plastics are synthesized by
condensation polymerization
 Thermosetting Plastic is processed by
compression moulding, reaction injection
moulding.
 Thermosetting plastics have primary bonds
between molecular chains and held together
by strong cross-links.
 Thermosetting plastics have high melting
points and tensile strength.
 Thermosetting Plastic is high in molecular
weight.
 ARCHITECTURAL USES OF PLATICS
 Affordable, quality, energy-saving and environmentally-friendly living can be achieved by equipping our
homes with plastics. Their versatility, functionality, performance and aesthetics are such that they can be
found throughout the house, from the roof to the cellar:

 Plastics are used outside a building:

• To weather-proof, coat and insulate the exterior facades of the building.
• To channel rain water in gutters and downpipes.
• To insulate the underside of the roof.
• To provide draft-proof and highly insulated window frames.
• To landscape the outside space

 Architects and engineers use plastics:

• To give shape to their imagination; all over the world architects design
innovative building structures which could only come true with plastics.
• To tailor-fit buildings to their surroundings.
• To strengthen structures such as bridges that must withstand very heavy loads.
• To enable new technologies which harness renewable energy.
 Plastics are used in the structure of a building:
• To insulate and sound-proof walls.
• To insulate the cellar.
• To bring clean water and evacuate sewage through pipes.
• To bring fresh air or heating through ventilation or heat recovery systems.

 Plastics are used inside a building:

• To enable economic and energy-efficient lighting solutions.
• To paint, tile and clad living spaces, particularly those that must remain hygienic such as
kitchens and bathrooms.
• To sheath wires and cables.
• To enable a myriad of features, furnishings, textiles and appliances.
STRUCTURAL PLASTICS
 Structural plastics are formed from various types of thermoplastic or thermosetting resins.
 Fibrous reinforcements are sometimes added to the resin substrate to enhance structural
properties
 Various additives and fillers may be added to enhance durability, stiffness, fire resistance,
or other performance qualities, or to reduce material costs.
 In view of the large number of available combinations of resin materials, additives, fillers,
and reinforcements, typical structural properties given in this section are only intended to
illustrate the ranges of potential behavior of some plastic materials that are often found in
building applications.
 Properties are highly influenced by the manufacturing process. Service environments and
duration of applied forces also significantly affect properties.
REINFORCED PLASTICS
 Fibre-reinforced plastic (FRP) (also called fiber-reinforced polymer, or fiber-
reinforced plastic) is a composite material made of a polymer matrix reinforced
with fibres.
 The fibres are usually glass (in fibreglass), carbon (in carbon fiber reinforced
polymer), aramid, or basalt. Rarely, other fibres such as paper, wood, or asbestos have been
used. The polymer is usually an epoxy, vinyl ester, or polyester thermosetting plastic,
though phenol formaldehyde resins are still in use.
 FRPs are commonly used in the aerospace, automotive, marine, and construction
industries.
 FRP can be applied to strengthen the beams, columns, and slabs of buildings and bridges.
 It is possible to increase the strength of structural members even after they have been
severely damaged due to loading conditions.
GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED CARBON FIBRE REINFORCED
POLYMER BARS POLYMER BARS FRP TILES

FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTIC FRP PIPES

DOORS FRP PLATIC PANS
DECORATIVE LAMINATES
 Decorative laminates are the specially designed laminated sheets of brown Kraft papers
and decorative printed papers fused together using pressure and heat.
  These decorative sheets are used to add stylish finishes to furniture items, cabinets,
counters, worktops and other installations and also for wall paneling.
 To manufacture decorative laminates, the brown Kraft paper is soaked in phenolic resin
(phenyl formaldehyde), while the decorative paper and the protective translucent sheet are
soaked in melamine resin.
 After these papers become suitably hard, heat and pressure are applied to press and bond
them.
 The result is a laminated sheet with stylish surface and many amazing capabilities for
different types of installations
 BENEFITS OF DECORATIVE LAMINATES

 Water Resistant : Laminated sheets are resistant to water or moisture and are therefore ideal for
installation even in the kitchen and bathroom areas. You can expect them to last longer without
bearing the impact of different seasons and weather conditions.
 Huge Variety : Decorative laminates are designed in a wide range of thickness from 0.7 mm to 1.5
mm, while 3 and 4 mm varieties are also available. These sheets come in great choices when it comes
to finishes and textures. Some popular ones include wood grains, marble, chrome, metallic, mirror,
glossy, matte, crystal, beaded and many more.
 Durable : Laminates, especially the HPL variety, are durable enough to withstand high traffic and
possible wear and tear. Moreover, these are fire-resistant and flame-retardant and are not easily
damaged by the common damaging elements like cracks, scratches, cigarette burns, load and impact
and more. It means that you can expect them to have long life and great value for your investments.
 Microbe-Resistant : Designed and treated to be antibacterial and anti-fungal, these surfaces are
absolutely admired for being health-friendly for people and pets. These properties also make them a
preferred choice for the hospitality industry as well as for hospitals, laboratories and other medical
facilities.
 Easy to Maintain : Low dirt accumulation makes decorative laminates easy to clean using simple
cleaning solutions and procedures. As these are less prone to damage and wear and tear, you may
have to spend insignificantly to maintain these surfaces.
 Customizable : You may spend a little more to obtain customized laminates to meet your exact tastes
and preferences.
DECORATIVE WOOD LAMINATES KITCHEN
LAMINATE SHEETS LAMINATES
PLASTIC COATINGS

 A plastic coating gives metals a thick, wear resistant finish that excludes water and air
from the surface of the metal and so prevents corrosion.
 Plastic coating is applied mainly by:
 hot dip coating in a fluidise bed of polymer powder
 hot dip coating a product in a vinyl Plastisol
 spraying polymer powder onto a heated product
 Common powder coating materials include Epoxy Powder Coating, Epoxy Polyester
Powder Coating & Polyester Powder Coating.
 There are various sub grades of these materials available for different industries such
as Architectural, Automotive and Rail industries
PROCESS

 The powder coating process involves spraying electrostatically charged particles of powder
around a substrate (component) which is earthed via its hanging point.
 At this point the particles of powder are held on to the substrate (component) purely by the
induced (electrostatic) charge.
PLASTIC COATED PLASTICS COATED PLASTIC
KITCHEN CABINATES BATHROOM CABINETS COATED UTILITY
BASKETS