MODULE 1 - Important theory portions

• Statics, dynamics • Concept of rigid body

• Principles of statics
• Coplanar concurrent forces
• Newton’s First law
• Equilibrium equations
• Newton’s Second law
• Newton’s Third law • Free body diagrams
• Newton’s law of gravitation • Moment of a force
• Parallelogram law • Varignon’s theorem of moments
• Principle of transmissibility
• Equilibrium laws
• Law of triangle of forces
• Lami’s theorem
 Engineering
Mechanics

Dynamics Statics

Kinematics Kinetics
Laws of Mechanics
1. Newton’s First law
2. Newton’s Second law
3. Newton’s Third law
4. Newton’s law of gravitation
5. Parallelogram law
Newton’s law of gravitation
•  Two particles are attracted towards each other along the line
connecting them with a force whose magnitude is proportional to the
product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the
distance between them.
•Fα
•F=G
•W=G
• W = mg
Parallelogram law
• “If two forces acting simultaneously at a point are
represented in magnitude and direction by the two adjacent
sides of a parallelogram, then their resultant is represented in
magnitude and direction by the diagonal of the parallelogram
which passes through the point of intersection of the two
sides representing the forces”.
Principle of transmissibility
• The point of application of a force can be transmitted along its line of
action without changing the effect of the force on any rigid body to
which it is applied.
Law of triangle of forces Lami’s theorem

• If three forces acting at a point • If three forces acting at a point

are in equilibrium then they can are in equilibrium then each
be represented in magnitude and force is proportional to the sin of
direction by the side of a triangle the angle between other two
taken in the same order. forces.
Force systems
• Coplanar • Non Coplanar
• Collinear • Non Collinear
• Concurrent • Non Concurrent
• Parallel • Non Parallel
a) Like parallel forces
b) Unlike parallel forces
• Equilibrium Equations
• ∑ Fx = 0
• ∑ Fy = 0
•∑M=0
• Moment of a force = Force x Arm of force
• O - Moment centre
• A - Point of application of force
• AB - Line of action of force F
• OB - Arm of force
Varignon’s theorem of moments
• Moment of a force about abut any axis is equal to the sum of moments
of its components about the same axis.
• F.d = F1.d1 + F2.d2
Free body diagrams
• The sketch in which the body is completely isolated from its supports
and in which all the forces acting on it are shown is called a free body
diagram.