MICROCONTROLLERS

AND IOT
Introduction to...

Ardui
no
WHAT IS MICROCONTROLLER

 It is a micro-computer. As
any computer it has
internal CPU, RAM, IOs
interface.
 It is used for control
purposes, and for data
analysis.
 Famous microcontroller
manufacturers are MicroChip,
Atmel, Intel, Analog devices,
and more.
WHAT IS MICROPROCESSOR
ARDUINO BOARDS
ARDUINO UNO
FEATURES OF ARDUINO UNO
• Microcontroller: ATmega328.
• Operating Voltage: 5V.
• Input Voltage (recommended): 7-12V.
• Input Voltage (limits): 6-20V.
• Digital I/O Pins: 14 (of which 6 provide PWM
output)
• Analog Input Pins: 6.
• DC Current per I/O Pin: 40 mA.
• DC Current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA
BASIC FUNCTIONS
RASPBERRY PI
WHAT IS RASPBERRY PI?
 The Raspberry Pi is a credit-card sized
computer which can be used for many of
the things that your desktop PC does, like
word-processing and games.
 one key aspect that makes the Raspberry
Pi so brilliant is its ability to execute
“Python” coded programs.
 This allows us along with the General
Purpose Input Output (GPIO) pins to create
programs that can control anything from a
single LED to opening your garage door.
WHAT ARE GPIO PINS

 There are a total of 26 pins:

 1x 3.3V Power
 1x 5V Power
 17x GPIO Pins
 7x Ground
HOW TO USE GIPO
 You can program pins to interact with real
world.
 Inputs don’t have to come from physical
switch; it could be input from sensor or
signal from other devices.
 The output can be anything, from turning ON
the LED to sending signal or data to another
device.
 If raspberry pi is connected in network then
you can control other devices attached and
those devices can send data.
HOW GIPO PINS WORK
 Example: Glowing LED
 When we use a GPIO pin as an output, the
Raspberry Pi replaces both the switch and
the battery.
INTERNET OF THINGS
IOT – KEY FEATURES
 Artificial Intelligence:
 Enhances different aspects with the use of data
collection, artificial intelligence algorithms and
networks.
 Connectivity:
 Creation of network between devices and systems.
 Sensors:
 They act as defining instruments which interacts
with real world and system.
 Active Engagement
 Small Devices
ADVANTAGES
 Improved customer engagement
 Technology Optimization
 Reduced waste
 Enhanced data collection
DISADVANTAGES
 Security
 Privacy
 Complexity
 Flexibility
 Compliance
IOT HARDWARE
 Sensors:
 Sensors consist of energy modules, power
management modules, RF modules, and
sensing modules.
 RF modules manage communications through
their signal processing, WiFi, ZigBee,
Bluetooth, radio transceiver, duplexer, and
BAW.
 The sensing module manages sensing through
assorted active and passive measurement
devices.
WEARABLE ELECTRONICS
 Wearable electronic devices are small
devices worn on the head, neck, arms, torso,
and feet.
 Current smart wearable devices include:
 Head – Helmets, glasses
 Neck – Jewellery, collars
 Arm – Watches, wristbands, rings
 Torso – Clothing, backpacks
 Feet – Socks, shoes
STANDARD DEVICES
 The desktop, tablet, and cell phone remain
integral parts of IoT as the command center and
remotes.
 The desktop provides the user with the highest
level of control over the system and its settings.
 The tablet provides access to the key features of
the system in a way resembling the desktop, and
also acts as a remote.
 The cell phone allows some essential settings
modification and also provides remote
functionality.
 Other key connected devices include standard
network devices like routers and switches.
IOT SOFTWARE
 Data Collection
 Device Integration
 Real time analytics
 Application and Process Extensions
TECHNOLOGY AND PROTOCOLS
 Major technology and protocols of IoT are –
 NFC and RFID
 RFID employs 2-way radio transmitter – receiver to
identify and track tags associated with objects
 NFC consists of communication protocol for electronic
devices, typically mobiles and standard devices.
 Low Energy Bluetooth
 Low Energy Wireless
 Radio Protocols
 LTE
 WiFi Direct
USES AND APPLICATIONS
 Engineering, Industry and Infrastructure
 Government and Safety
 Home and Offices
 Health and Medicines
 Environmental Monitoring
 Manufacturing Applications
 Energy Applications