VEER SURENDRA SAI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

“ EVOLUTION OF DIGITAL & ANALOG

ELECTRONIC AND THEIR APPLICATIONS”

Submitted by:
Debasish Mishra
Regd No- 1902070092

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

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 Contents

• Introduction
• Origin of Digital and Analog electronics
• Logic Gates
• Integrated Circuit and CMOS
• Analog Vs Digital Systems
• Applications Of Analog & Digital Electronics
• Advantages

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 2

 Introduction

• Analog Electronics are electronics

that operates on analog signal
which are continuously variable.
• Digital Electronics are electronics
that operates on digital signal
• Digital electronics based on
digital design methodologies and
consists of digital circuits, logic
gates and IC’s.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 3

 Origin of Analog Electronics

• After a long generation, the idea

of analog computation re-
emerged in late 19th and early
20th centuries.
• Most of the fundamental
electronic components are
resistors, capacitors, inductors,
diodes, transistors, and
operational amplifiers.
• Prior to digital, electronics
transmission was limited to
analog which conveys electronic
signals of varying frequency and
amplitude.
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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
 Origin of Digital Electronics

• Digital logic as we know it was the brain-child of George Boole in the mid 19th
century. In an 1886 letter, Charles Sanders Peirce described how logical operations
could be carried out by electrical switching circuits.
• The first electronic device ever invented is the relay, a remote switch controlled by
electricity that was invented in 1835 by Joseph Henry, an American scientist.
• Eventually, vacuum tubes replaced relays for logic operations. Lee De Forest's
modification, in 1907, of the Fleming valve can be used as an AND gate. Ludwig
Wittgenstein introduced a version of the 16-row truth table as proposition 5.101 of
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921). Walther Bothe, inventor of the coincidence
circuit, shared the 1954 Nobel Prize in physics, for the first modern electronic AND
gate in 1924.

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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
 What is Logic
Gate?
• Logic gates are the basic
building blocks of any
digital system. It is an
electronic circuit having
one or more than one input
and only one output. The
relationship between the
input and the output is
based on a certain logic.
Based on this, logic gates
are named as AND gate,
OR gate, NOT gate etc.

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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
 Integrated Circuit

• An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated

circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a
microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on
one small flat piece (or "chip") of
semiconductor material that is normally
silicon
• The advantages of IC are :
1. Smaller in components
2. Cost Reduction
3. More reliable
4. Reduction of power consumption
5. Less volume and weight of the equipment
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 7
 Applications of Electronics

• Data transmission: The digital system send the data in the form of packets of
digital codes, thus we can encode and decode them in various formats and codes.
• Data Transmission is secure due data encryption and can be manipulated in many
formats.
• Digital electronics safe box/Digital Lock/: We are using this for storing our
valuables like jeweler, confidential papers.
• Entertainment: We are using electronics gadgets hugely for entertainment purpose
like toys, TV, radio etc.
• Office Gadgets: Such as calculators, Computers, Scanners and Printers, FAX
machine, Front Projector etc.
• Home appliances such as Washing Machine, Refrigerator, Air Conditioner,
Microwave Oven, Vacuum Cleaner etc.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 8

 Applications
• Audio and Video Systems such as Headphone, VCRs, DVD players, Color TVs,
Microphone and Loudspeaker, Video game consoles.
• Storage Devices for optical playback and taping, and portable infotainment.
Examples are DVDs, HDD jukebox, Portable MP3 player.
• Medical applications: Stethoscope to listen inner sounds happening inside the
human body.
• Respiration Monitors for knowing the patient condition due to change in body
temperature, pulse, respiration and blood flow.
• Defence and Aerospace:
• Missile Launching systems
• Rocket Launchers for space
• Aircraft systems

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 9

 Conclusion

• Electronics is having a great scope and without electronic gadgets, our daily lives
cannot happen. Technology is advancing quickly in the field of semiconductors and
upgraded electronic applications will shape the world. Electronics is having a great
scope and without electronic gadgets, our daily lives cannot happen. Technology is
advancing quickly in the field of semiconductors and upgraded electronic
applications will shape the world.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 10

 THANK
YOU

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