Today’s Topic

Phase Equilibrium
Adiabatic saturation Tempterature,Ts
Humidity Chart
Use of Humidity Chart
Example 1,2 ( McCabe & Smith)
Phase Equilibrium
The humidity is related to the mole fraction in the gas
phase by the equation:

Here, Mole fraction is directly proportional to the

humidity.
At equilibrium, the above relation will become as
follows:
Phase Equilibrium
Equilibrium data is often represented as lots of ‘Ye’ vs
Temp at a given total pressure.
For the system of air-water at 1 atm the following plot
has been obtained.
 Adiabatic saturation Temperature ‘Ts’
Adiabatic process.
Gas is cooled and humidified.
 Here the exit temp of the gas
is known as Adiabatic saturation
temperature.
Condition:
Not all the water evaporates.
Sufficient time for the gas to come
at equilibrium with water.
Remaining liquid is also at Ts and can be recirculated.
 Adiabatic saturation Temperature ‘Ts’
‘Ts’ depends upon initial temperature and initial
humidity.
The relation of ‘Ts’ can be established by applying
Enthalpy balance across the chamber.
The relation of total Enthalpy is given as

or
 Adiabatic saturation Temperature ‘Ts’
Applying enthalpy balance we get:
Example 1
Humidity Chart
A convenient diagram showing the properties of the mixtures
of a permanent gas and a condensable vapor is the humidity
chart.
A chart of mixture of air-water system at 1 atm will be
discussed.
Temperature –X-axis
Humidity – (R.H.S) Y-axis
Volume – (L.H.S) Y-axis

All the data are calculated by the relations discussed in last

lecture.
Humidity Chart
Use of Humidity Chart