IOT BASED HOME

AUTOMATION
SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
 In this paper a low cost and user friendly remote controlled home
automation system is presented using Arduino board, Bluetooth
module, smartphone, ultrasonic sensor and moisture sensor.
 A smartphone application is used in the suggested system which
allows the users to control up to 18 devices including home
appliances and sensors using Bluetooth technology.
 Nowadays, most of conventional home automation systems are
designed for special purposes while proposed system is a general
purpose home automation system. Which can easily be implement in
existing home. The suggested system has more features than
conventional home automation systems such as an ultrasonic sensor
is used for water level detection and soil moisture sensor is use for
automatic plant irrigation system.
 This paper also describes the hardware and software architecture of
system, future work and scope. The proposed prototype of home
automation system is implemented and tested on hardware and it
gave the exact and expected results.
PROPOSED WORK
 The proposed system senses the temperature and humidity conditions
prevailing inside the house. This enables us to achieve the smart
lightning system.
 The purpose of the automated lightning system is not just to
automatically turn on light and off according to the light conditions
existing inside house but also to make the house, power efficient
 By collecting the data regarding the temperature and humidity we can
pre-programme fan speed to be controlled automatically. And we will
set a threshold temperature and humidity; as soon as these limits are
crossed AC is turned on automatically. Now-a-days smartphone are in
wide use. We also designed a way to manually intervene the normal
working use mobile application and attaching a Bluetooth module.
 But the thing that is unique in this work is we will make the app to be
Gesture controlled. Thus, it enables even people with poor sight or blind
people to be able to use the application efficiently. For the sake of
disabled people, we also make the app to be voice command controlled.
A user can either enable or disable any device through the voice
commands given to the application in his phone.
MAIN COMPONENTS

 Relay
 IC 7805
 Android phone
 Iot controller app Android app
 Power Supply
 Ardunio
 Gsm
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Power
supply
RELAY
 The diagram shows an inner section diagram of a relay. An iron core is
surrounded by a control coil. As shown, the power source is given to the
electromagnet through a control switch and through contacts to the load.
When current starts flowing through the control coil, the electromagnet
starts energizing and thus intensifies the magnetic field. Thus the upper
contact arm starts to be attracted to the lower fixed arm and thus closes
the contacts causing a short circuit for the power to the load. On the
other hand, if the relay was already de-energized when the contacts were
closed, then the contact move oppositely and make an open circuit.
 As soon as the coil current is off, the movable armature will be returned
by a force back to its initial position. This force will be almost equal to
half the strength of the magnetic force. This force is mainly provided by
two factors. They are the spring and also gravity.
 Relays are mainly made for two basic operations. One is low voltage
application and the other is high voltage. For low voltage applications,
more preference will be given to reduce the noise of the whole circuit.
For high voltage applications, they are mainly designed to reduce a
phenomenon called arcing.
 POWER SUPPLY SECTION


 The aim is to design the power supply section which converts 230V AC in to 5V
DC. Since 230V AC is too high to reduce it to directly 5V DC, therefore we need
a step-down transformer that reduces the line voltage to certain voltage that
will help us to convert it in to a 5V DC. Considering the efficiency factor of the
bridge rectifier, we came to a conclusion to choose a transformer, whose
secondary voltage is 3 to 4 V higher than the required voltage i.e. 5V. For this
application 0-9V transformers is used, since it is easily available in the market.
 The output of the transformer is 9V AC; it feed to rectifier that converts AC to
pulsating DC.
 Here we short listed to use Bridge rectifier, because half wave rectifier has we
less in efficiency. Even though the efficiency of full wave and bridge rectifier
are the same, since there is no requirement for any negative voltage for our
application, we gone with bridge rectifier.
 Since the output voltage of the rectifier is pulsating DC, in order to convert it
into pure DC we use a high value (1000UF/1500UF) of capacitor in parallel that
acts as a filter. The most easy way to regulate this voltage is by using a 7805
voltage regulator, whose output voltage is constant 5V DC irrespective of any
fluctuation in line voltage.
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY
 The microcontroller/microprocessor interface to HD44780 LCD
modules (hereafter generically Referred to as character LCD
modules) is almost always 14 pins. We May find that some displays
have additional pins for backlighting or other purposes, but the
first 14 pins still serve as the interface.
 The first three pins provide power to the LCD module. Pin 1 is
GND and should be grounded to the power supply. Pin 2 is VCC
and should be connected to +5V power.
Pin 3 is the LCD Display Bias. By adjusting the voltage or duty
cycle of pin 3, the contrast of the display can be adjusted. Most
character LCDs can achieve good display contrast with a voltage
between 5V and 0V on pin 3. Note that greater contrast comes
with lower voltage and we should never apply a VLCD higher than
VCC.
 Some displays, which are specially made to work over a large
temperature range, may require a negative voltage to achieve
readable contrast
ARDUINO

 Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit

board (often referred to as a microcontroller and a piece
of software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
that runs on your computer, used to write and upload
computer code to the physical board.
 The Arduino platform has become quite popular with people
just starting out with electronics, and for good reason.
 Unlike most previous programmable circuit boards, the
Arduino does not need a separate piece of hardware (called
a programmer) in order to load new code onto the board --
you can simply use a USB cable. Additionally, the Arduino
IDE uses a simplified version of C++, making it easier to
learn to program. Finally, Arduino provides a standard form
factor that breaks out the functions of the micro-controller
into a more accessible package.
ADVANTAGE
 Managing all of your home devices from one
place. The convenience factor here is
enormous.
 Flexibility for new devices and appliances.
 Maximizing home security.
 Remote control of home functions.
 Increased energy efficiency.
 Improved appliance functionality.
 Home management insights