GSM BTS

Reconnaissance

Radio Network Planning & Optimization Department

Mobile Institution
Purpose

After learning this course you will be able to:

• Know the flow and content of BTS reconnaissance
• Master the basic principle of address selection
• Master the using of reconnaissance tools
content
Reconnaissance summarize

Reconnaissance prepare

Reconnaissance flow

Data coordinate and document output

Reconnaissance tools

Reconnaissance example
 Reconnaissance
Function of reconnaissance
summary
Function of reconnaissance
One of most important process;
Provide basic data for plan and imitate;
Improve reasonable level of plan, reduce risk of plan;
Reduce the cost of network building, improve
success of network building.
 Reconnaissance
Mission of reconnaissance
summary

 mission of reconnaissance
Know the feature of field, landform and user, estimate the user number
and traffic ；
 consider the coverage, density, build condition and cost ；
 give the model, address and distribution of BTS and the hang up high,
direction and declination degree of antenna;
Three addresses are needed for prepare, for each BTS.
 Reconnaissance
Content of reconnaissance
summary

 confirm the address of BTS

 obtain the particular describe of environment of BTS
address
 give suggest of the model of BTS
 give suggest of the hang-high, direction and declinat
ion degree
 describe of cell environment
 estimate the traffic of BTS and cell
 Reconnaissance
Flow of reconnaissance
summary
Ne e d s
a na lyze

p re p a re fo r Re c o nna issa nc e
w o rk p la n

BTS
re c o nna issa nc e re c o nna issa nc e
re c o rd

g a the r a nd
c he c k
N

Rig ht
d a ta ?

Y
Put in re c o nna issa nc e
re c o nna issa nc e re p o rt
re p o rt
content
Reconnaissance summarize

Reconnaissance prepare
Reconnaissance flow

Data coordinate and document output

Reconnaissance tools

Reconnaissance example
 Reconnaissance
Needs analyzing content
prepare

 goal of network building (needs of coverage and capacity)

 configure suggest of the BTS model (whether need micro cell
and Repeater etc.)
 Know the transport condition of coverage area (distribution of
other telecommunication operators)
 Interface for user
 schedule of reconnaissance and resource allocation
 Reconnaissance
Needs analyzing output
prepare

Collect the needs, and made analyzing report

according to the plan and BTS reconnaissance
information.
 Reconnaissance
Tools prepare
prepare
　 tools function
The height above sea level, latitude and longitude of BTS for
GPS
test
needle Judge the direction and environment
nece
ssar Digital
Shoot the around area for address selection or put on records
y camera
ruler For measure

vehicle One vehicle for each reconnaissance team

map Digital map, scan map, paper map

Range
Measure cover area or stumbling block distance
Not finder
ness telescope Increase watch scope
ary
test Test the coverage of circumference, discover the condition of
equipment old BTS
 Reconnaissance
Project plan
prepare

According to the project and needs report, make

particular plan, include goal, organization, personnel,
tools, schedule and output.
content
Reconnaissance summarize

Reconnaissance prepare

Reconnaissance flow
Data coordinate and document output

Reconnaissance tools

Reconnaissance example
 Reconnaissance
Reconnaissance flow graph
flow
BTS initial
start
information

Address
BTS adjust Not suitable
selection

Information
collection and
analyzing

BTS address
Cell parameters reconnaissance
design records table

end
Original base-stations Reconnaissance
information flow

 obtain BTS initial information

 the latitude and longitude of BTS in paper plan
 the address provided by telecommunication operators
 the address of old BTS
 BTS address of other telecommunication operators
 Reconnaissance
Stations address chosen
flow
NO. Common principle for BTS address selection
1 Address should be selected in the ideal position of the cell
2 The BTS density should be similar to the traffic density
3 The height of BTS should lower than the highest building and higher than the
average height
4 The station should not be build closed to the piles, which may affect the coverage

5 Avoid build station near by wireless station, radar or other strong interference
6 Avoid build station on the top of hill or in the forestry
7 Necessary condition for station build
8 Low cost room for station should be selected
9 Should use old communication station such as post station, micro wave station,
and use the old power supply
10 The feasibility, cost and performance should be considered before the microwave
be used to communicate
11 Two kind BTS (900MHz & 1800MHz) should be at same place in urban area
Information collection Reconnaissance
and gather flow

Traffic distributing reconnaissance

 investigate the traffic distributing in server
 investigate the economy level, earning for person and the custom for
consumption.
 forecast the traffic in the future

Radio transmission environment reconnaissance

 record the location information of BTS (longitude, latitude and height
above sea level)
 describe of the environment of coverage area
 describe of the information of coverage area
 describe of barrier properties
 Reconnaissance
Cell parameter design
flow

 Suggest for BTS model (Directional or Omni)

 Suggest for BTS configure (Sxxx)
 Adopt antenna parameter
 Antenna hang high
 azimuth of cell
 declination degree of cell
One station Reconnaissance
reconnaissance table flow
latitude, longitude and precision of GPS
Describe of BTS geography cicumstance
Describe of cell environment
Important area
Direction degree
Transmission mode
Repeater basic information
Describe of share station condition
Take the picture of BTS
content
Reconnaissance summarize

Reconnaissance prepare

Reconnaissance flow

Data coordinate and document output

Reconnaissance tools

Reconnaissance example
Reconnaissance data Data coordinate and
coordinate document output

 After the reconnaissance, all the documents should be put in to

team leader, which will be put in to project manager and network
optimize manager by the team leader, the network optimize manag
er check them and put in the results to project manager.
 If the plan is not right, the communion should be hold, the impr
ove suggests should be put forward, and reconnaissance maybe t
aken again.
 Collection the right plan, form reconnaissance information, and
confirm it with user for later plan.
Reconnaissance data Data coordinate and
coordinate document output

 collect locale test data, check it from technical view,

make sure the result is true, right, reasonable and han
dled:
 fill 　“ wireless network reconnaissance report”
Must deal with the wrong events in locale place, and record them.
If the environment for equipment is not right, suggest must be given to us
er for them to improve.
 Data coordinate and
Comment report output
document output

After general comment, put in information

in due form
BTS reconnaissance report （ Chinese, English ）
Coverage table
BTS information table
content
Reconnaissance summarize

Reconnaissance prepare

Reconnaissance flow

Data coordinate and document output

Reconnaissance tools
Reconnaissance example
GPS Reconnaissance tools

Main capability
 receive capability
 navigation capability
 physics index
 power
 assistant function

Keys on panel
 power key
 turn page
 input
 exit
GPS Reconnaissance tools

Button on the panel

 badge button
navigation button
Direction key
Navigation input

 basic operate
 boot, lighting, shut down
 automatism orientation
 orientation navigation operation
 navigation according to route
GPS Reconnaissance tools

 main events for longitude measure

GPS needs 3 satellites for orientation
The measure mode is WGS84
The universal unit is used in measure
Closed by the plan address

 the error is showed compare with digital map

The precision of digital map
The error for GPS measure
The place for measure is not right
Take mistake in data input
Box and needle Reconnaissance tools

 main function for box and needle

Measure direction and incline
Measure landform: include orientation, measure slope degree, fix level
Measure vertical degree

Main feature
 magnetic needle damp time
Reading error
Sensitive of level organ
Dimension of instrument
Weight of instrument
content

Reconnaissance summarize

Reconnaissance prepare

Reconnaissance flow

Data coordinate and document output

Reconnaissance tools

Reconnaissance example
Improper address chosen Reconnaissance example

 BTS near by high voltage wire

In a province, a BTS is near by a high voltage wire, and they are on the s
ame level, the distance is less than 10 meters. That BTS is moved 50 met
ers away from the wire for safe.

 BTS is on the hill in urban

To cover a city, a BTS is built on a hill with 300 meters high. As the BTS i
s so high that all the MS in this city can receive the signal of that BTS, whic
h make other BTS free and itself is too busy, and many MS can’t communi
cate.
Improper base-station
Reconnaissance example
plan

 less BTS in dense urban

The NO. of BTS is to little for A city’s Unicom plan, which bring on hard c
ollocate for frequency. As there are 29 frequencies for Unicom, it is impos
sible to build big BTS. Only 5 addresses are selected in dense urban, whic
h can’t satisfy the traffic require even in full configure, as the limit on freque
ncy. At last 8 new BTS are built to fit the great traffic.