INTRODUCTION

COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
 Historically ,the most robust urban environments have all grown and evolved
with active citizen participation,values,beliefs and rules have implicity guided
ther parameters that determine the urban form of place.
 It’s a serious of incremental decisions.

Reorienting urban desisn issues

Planning policies with urban design issues as one componenet,really should be
made on an ‘areawise.

Then it will be possible for laws and policies to be written to focus on the
problems of each area.

Once the policy makers recognise the character of a particular area,laws can be
evolved to make the urban form respond to physical constraints and regional
/area level.
FACTORS HINDERING PEOPLE’S PARTICIPATION IN INDIA

Unlike other developed countries ,where majority of the population are literate.
Illiteracy is one of the major factors,which hinder participation of the people in the
planning process.
They don’t understand the implications of plan and they cant realize the of certain
programmes.

illeteracy
insufficient money
for education poor employment
oppurtunities

poverty less earnings

In village, village panchayat,which is the basic unit of administration,gives way
for participation of the people .
In urban areas ,generally there is an organizational set up.the major hurdle is
lack of civic consiousness and impersonal.
The purpose of urban planning is
1.Better living conditions.
2.Orderly growthy.
3.Fulfilling fundamental,environmental and social objectives of
safety,security,sanitation,etc..,
Fulfilling economic objectives of gainful employment,public welfare.

Conditions favouring public participation

Need to educate the people on the benefits of public participation in planning.

Need for active public participation in formulating and implementing the various
plans

Public awareness programmes.

Role of NGO’s.
The people’s representative in a particular area like councilor can play an
active role in getting people’s cooperation.this can be support from the mayor
and various other government bodies and officials.

The CMDA has a wing called community development wing which is meant
for soliciting people’s participation in planning .

CONCLUSION
The purpose of a development plan is to give the greatest
convenience,comfort,a safety and security to the individual citizen .

The interest of the community should be considered paramount rather than

the interest of the individual or sections of the community.

People’s participation and participatory planning will be tools in measuring the

success of planning and plan implementation.
PUBLIC PARTICIPATORY PLANNING

Public participation is a process led by the planning authority.the planners

try to anticipate the needs of the public and to synthesise them in to a plan
that meets the needs of everyone .

Participatory planning is a set of process through which diverse groups and

interests engage together in reaching for plan and its implementation.

A model for managing a participatory planning process

Stage 1: plan the programme of involvement so that it runs through to
include implementation .design outreach into the programme.

Stage 2:identify stakeholders and interests in relation to the focus of the

exercise ex.preparation of the local development framework.this can be
done by inviting stakeholders to identify themselves,but there also needs to
be awareness of voices who do not have tradition of active engagement in
planning..
Stage 3:decide with the stakeholders and other interests the rules and
timetable and the roles of the different parties.
Stage 4:Exchange of information between all parties –not just information from
the planning authority to others.respect non-traditional forms of information from
groups who are not usually reached by public participation.

Stage 5:Active dialoge between the range of players to reconcile differences

with in the agreed rules and timetable.negotiation and comprises.

Stage 6:Record the outcomes,agreements and commitments and ensure these

are communicated to all who need to know about them.

Stage 7:carry the networking and engagement through to implementation and

monitoring.
NEED FOR REGULATIONS AND CONTROL

When living conditions in crowded areas became intolerable and in human

slum conditions emerged,housing codes were adopted.

Safeguarding adequate light and air was basic to public health and zoning was
therfore in the public.

Zoning prescribed land use districts,lot size,set back and even bill board
restrictions.

Regulations and control exist in the form of laws and powers granted to public
officials.

Just as it takes time to create laws and public power,it takes time to change
them when a change is needed.