Fundamentals

of
Communication
z
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COMMUNICATION: DEFINED

 - from the Latin word “communicare” which

means “to share” is a process of conveying
messages or information from one person to
another within and across channels, contexts,
media and cultures.
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Nature of Communication

Communication can
Communication
be expressed
Communication occurs between
through words,
is a process two or more
actions, or both at
people
the same time
 z Elements of Communication

1. Speaker – the source of information or

message
2. Message – the information, ideas, or
thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words o
process.
3. Encoding- the process of converting the
message into words, actions or other forms
that the speaker understands
 Elements of Communication
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4. Channel – the medium or the means

5. Decoding- the process of interpreting the
encoded message of the speaker by the receiver
6. Receiver- the recipient of the message
7. Feedback- the reactions, responses or
information provided by the receiver
8. Context- the environment where the
communication takes place
9. Barrier- the factors that affect the flow of
communication
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Communication Cycle
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Functions of Communication

1. Control – Communication functions to control behavior

2. Social Interaction – Communication allows individuals to interact with

others.

3. Motivation – Communication motivates or encourages people to live

better.

4. Emotional Expression – Communication facilitates people`s

expression of their feelings and emotions.

5. Information dissemination – Communication functions to convey

information
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Features of Effective Communication

1. Completeness- including all the essential information needed

2. Conciseness – keeping the message short but complete
3. Consideration- taking in consideration the situation or feelings of the
audience
4. Concreteness- supporting your message with facts, figures and real life-
examples
5. Courtesy- being courteous of other people`s beliefs, values, gender etc.
6. Clarity- implies the use of simple and specific words to express ideas
7. Correctness- being free from grammatical errors to eliminate negative
impact to audience
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Barriers to Communication

 1. Emotional Barriers

 2. Use of Jargons ( terminologies specific to a

certain profession)
 3. Lack of Confidence

 4. Noisy Environment
 MODELS OF COMMUNICATION
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Shannon - Weaver Model (1949) - known as the mother of all communication models
- it depicts communication as a LINEAR process
-
 MODELS OF COMMUNICATION
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 Transactional Model
 TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
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Verbal Communication
Non- Verbal Communication
 Refers to an interaction in
 Refers to the interaction
which words are used to relay
where behavior is used to
a message
convey and represent
******* meanings
1. Appropriateness  Examples: stare, smile, nod
2. Brevity etc.

3. Clarity

4. Ethics

5. Vividness