REVOLUSI INDUSTRI

DAN
PARADIGMA BARU
Arif Rahman
INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
..is concerned with the design, improvement, and
installation of integrated systems of men, materials,
information, energy, and equipments. It draws
upon specialized knowledge and skill in the
mathematical, physical and social sciences together
with the principles and methods of engineering
analysis and design to specify, predict and evaluate
the result to be obtained from such systems
 Knowledge & Skill

Physical Sciences

Mathematical

Industrial
Engineering
Engineering
Specify
Social Sciences
Predict

Evaluate

Optimal
Result

Design

Integrated
Systems

Improvement Installation
Kondratieff Waves

Kondratieff Waves
Cybernetics,
Wireless Technology,
Nanotechnology,
Biotechnology
 Industrial Revolution

Water wheel, Chemicals, Fusion reaction, Cybernetics,

Steam Engine Electricity, Electronics, Wireless Technology,
Mechanics, Computers, Nanotechnology,
Petrochemicals Mechatronics Biotechnology
Approximate industrialisation: take-offs
• Britain 1780s-1800
• Belgium 1830-50s
• France 1840-60s
• Germany 1860s-80s
• United States 1850-70s
• Sweden 1880s, Denmark 1870s, Norway, (Finland)
• Russia 1880-90s
The basis: proto-industry
• Technological inventions in industry → productivity gains
• Entrance to applied sciences (chemistry and engineering)
• Productivity breakthrough: increased production per man
hour and per unit of energy in use
• Specialisation and division of labour in factories (A. Smith)
• Agricultural revolution: enclosure, crop-rotation,
mechanisation → surplus labour → urbanisation
• Labour: rural workers (partially peasants, women, children)
in most parts of Europe
• Urban entrepreneurs (merchant manufacturers) organised
work and supply of raw materials
• Output marketed by merchants in towns and in distant
trade (transaction costs)
• Parts of the means of subsistence and means of production
had to be purchased (foodstuffs, tools)
Too Young To Work
Too Old To Work
Unemployment
Growth, Inequality, and Social Welfare
Occupational Health and Safety
Inventions at Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution 1.0
• 1709 First attempt at steam
pump, first attempt to purify iron
with coal
• 1733 Flying Shuttle Invented by
John Kay
• 1760 First Major Canal finished in
Northern England
• 1764 Spinning Jenny Invented by
James Hargreaves
• 1769 Water Frame Invented
• 1775 Mule invented
• 1775 James Watt invents steam
engine
• 1780s Puddle process in UK steel
making: from charcoal to coke
(Henry Court)
• 1793 England declares war on
Revolutionary France
• 1794 Cotton Gin Invented
• 1799 Napoleon takes control of
France
• 1811-1812 Luddite Protest
• 1829 First Steam-Powered
Locomotive
Industrial Revolution 1.0 (Industry 1.0)
• In this period, which is called Mechanization Age, due to new
inventions the use of steam as a source of energy played an
important role in the spread of machine, as well as pit coal.
• With mechanization, pit coal and steam were used instead of wood.
Increasing the power of movement created mechanization and the
transportation of production to factory.
• The mechanization of weaving looms in England between 1760 and
1830.
• Old-fashioned family businesses and small manufacturing facilities
had left their places to big factories. It was made possible to move
both raw materials and products of a greater variety, speed and
quantity, farther away, and to spread the Industrial Revolution.
• While the mechanization of workmanship in the UK with the First
Industrial Revolution led to a change in the production type and
therefore in the the socioeconomic structure.
Industrial Revolution 2.0 (Industry 2.0)
• It emerged due to the use of electricity in the production systems, and
the control of the electrical power through the assembly lines.
• The power-driven assembly line started first with the systems, which
were setup for slaughtering processes in a slaughter house in Cincinnati,
USA. In this slaughterhouse, monorail trolleys were used for the sliced
meat pieces. With these monorail trolleys, when the workers stopped at
fixed stations, the pulley system would bring the meat to each of them.
• In the following years Henry Ford and others wanted to implement this
slaughterhouse application at the Ford Motor Company. Henry Ford
started to manufacture cars by applying this practice to his own factory.
Henry Ford's mass production line system in automotive, and the fact
that factories became electrically operated also quickly improved
industrialization.
• Other new developments such as telephone, radio, typewriter, cheap
newspaper paper have also shaped intercommunication.
• The steel production instead of iron has accelerated railway
transportation and trade.
Industrial Revolution 3.0 (Industry 3.0)
• The Third Industrial Revolution has been described as the
automatisation of production, while the First Industrial Revolution
has been described as the mechanization of production, and the
Second Industrial Revolution as the serialisation of it.
• In this period, the development of sciences such as computers,
microelectronics, fiber optics, lasers, telecommunication, nuclear,
biofarming, and biogenetics influenced the direction and form of
production.
• Trade and industry had been globalized with developments is
communication and transportation.
• One of the most important developments in this process had been
the rapid depletion of world resources and the concept of
sustainability coming to fore.
Industrial Revolution 4.0 (Industry 4.0)
• It plans all units directly or indirectly related to production working
together in partnership, predicts the software of digital data’s and
the information technologies working integrated.
• In the First Industrial Revolution coal, water, and steam power; in the
Second Industrial Revolution oil and electricity were at the forefront
as energy resources. However, in the Third Industrial Revolution with
the problems of nonrenewable resources and environmental
concerns, renewable energy resources such as the sun, and the wind
had gained importance. Along with these developments providing
innovations which were not possible before, with the effect of the
factors such as the Internet of Objects and Services the Fourth
Industrial Revolution which we are in has begun.
• Industry 4.0 is expected to have a crucial effect on the economy of
many countries.
• Industry 4.0 is a new formation focuses on machines and production
systems that operate autonomously on their own, without the need
for human power.
Industrial 4.0
Environment of industry 4.0
Environment of industry 4.0

Internet of Things Cloud Technology

Big Data

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New Paradigms
Industrial Engineering New Paradigms
WASTE & LEAN
 WASTE & LEAN

Materials Machines Manpowers

Excess Unnecessary
Inventory Inappropriate Motion
processing Waiting
Transportation Over-
Defect production

Stock level Layout

Replenishment Ergonomic
Turnover Method
Unbalance Movement
Warehousing Distance Setup
Storage space Nonconforming Forecasting Search
Time Cycle time Warming
Degradation Reject Planning Inspection
Material handling Speed Downtime
Inefficiency Rework Scheduling Counting
Lot size Lead time Idle
Buffer size Downgrade Batch size
Workload Delay
Crashed Guarantee Shop floor control
Supervision Waiting
Mistake Unsold
Error
CHANGE & AGILE
CHANGE & AGILE

31
GREEN & SUSTAINABLE

DAYA DUKUNG
LINGKUNGAN
HIDUP

ENVIRONMENTAL
CARRYING CAPACITY

DAYA TAMPUNG
LINGKUNGAN
HIDUP
GREEN & SUSTAINABLE

Recovery

Recycling

Reuse Energy

Industrial Domestic Waste

Production use Management

Reduce Industrial waste

Industrial scrap Disposal

Raw Materials Landfill

& Energy
BORDERLESS & SUPPLY CHAIN
 BORDERLESS & SUPPLY CHAIN

Suppliers Manufacturer Distributor Retailer Customer

Competitive Intracompany
Strategy Interfunctional
maximize company profit
Product Dev.
Strategy Intercompany Intracompany
Interfunctional Intrafunctional
maximize SC surplus minimize functional cost
Supply Chain
Strategy

Marketing Intracompany
Strategy Intraoperation
minimize local cost
KOLABORASI INDUSTRIAL
End of Slides ...