Bridge Engineering

OUTLINE:
1. Bridge Planning
2. Foundation Design and
Construction
3. Expansion Joint
4. Construction Methods
5. Furukawa Viaduct
 N G
N I
AN
P L
GE
I D
B R
Steel Bridges (Plate girder bridge)
Steel Bridges (Plate girder bridge)

main girders

main girders
Steel Bridges (Plate girder bridge with PC slab)
Steel Bridges (Plate girder bridge with
composite rigid frame structure)
Steel Bridges (Box girder bridge)
Steel Bridges (Box girder bridge with
composite rigid frame structure)
Steel Bridges (Truss bridge)
Steel Bridges (Truss bridge)
Steel Bridges (Inverse rose girder stiffened arch bridge)
Steel Bridges (Truss stiffened arch bridge)
Steel Bridges (Nielsen-type arch bridge)
Steel Bridges (Steel cable stayed bridge)
Steel Bridges (Suspension bridge)
Concrete Bridges (RC hollow slab bridge)
Concrete Bridges (RC hollow slab bridge)
Concrete Bridges (PC box girder bridge)
 Concrete Bridges (PC box girder bridge)

Under Construction

Ca

C
External tendons
Concrete Bridges (Precast Segmental bridge)
Concrete Bridges (Precast Segmental bridge)

Under Construction
Composite Bridges (Continuous PC box girder bridge
with corrugated steel plate web)
Composite Bridges (Continuous PC box girder bridge
with steel truss web)
Composite Bridges (Steel box girder combined with
PC box girder )
 Concrete Bridges (Continuous PC box girder bridge
supported with inclined struts)

Conventional
Box girder

New section
Concrete Bridges (PC cable stayed bridge)
Concrete Bridges (Extradosed PC bridge)
Composite Bridges (Extradosed PC bridge
with corrugated steel plate web)
Composite Bridges (Extradosed PC and steel girder
composite bridge)
Steel girder erected by lifting method on the sea

Under Construction
Composite Bridges (Composite cable-stayed bridge
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 with corrugated steel webs)
Composite Bridges (Composite cable-stayed bridge with
corrugated steel webs combined with steel box girder)
Concrete Bridges (Concrete arch bridge)
Hybrid Bridges (Hybrid Arch bridge 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　 with steel girder and concrete arch rib)
 Parts of Bridge

Bridge Length

Span Span Span

Superstructure

Pier Pier
Abutment
Abutment

Spread Foundation Pile Foundation

 Flow Chart of Bridge Planning and Design

Primary Survey ------- Topographical survey , Soil survey,

Meteorological survey
Preliminary Design -- Decision of bridge length and span,
(General Planning) Decision of bridge type
Secondary Survey --- Soil condition,
Condition of construction site
Basic Design ---------- Decision of detail structure,
Cost Estimate
Detail Design --------- Design of structural detail, construction
(Actual Design) progress, plan of construction

Construction
Topographical Survey ----- Topographical map
for topography of construction
site,
condition of crossroad, railway

Soil Survey ----------------- Boring, standard penetration test,

soil test, groundwater level
measurement, soil profile
for coefficient of soil reaction

Concrete Survey ------------ Cement, water, aggregate,

admixture, concrete plant,
for design and construction of
concrete
Earthquake Survey --------- Earthquake record, earthquake
disaster record for seismic design

Meteorological Survey ---- Observatory record of

temperature,
and wind for
temperature change of materials,
wind load

Environmental Survey ----- Flying salinity, pH, past corrosion

condition for durability design
 Bridge Planning
① 　 Listing of Conditions
Geographical features, the nature of soil,crossing objects,
condition of construction works

② 　 Assumption of Bridge Type

Bridge length, span arrangement, types of superstructure
and substructure

③ 　 Decision of Bridge Type

Overall decision considering safety, construction
convenience, economy, endurance, driving convenience,
maintenance, appearance
 Design Procedures

Decision of Bridge Length and Span

Decision of Bridge Type ---- Superstructure, Substructure,

Foundation
General drawing

Structural details

Calculation of alignment
 Design Procedures

Design of Superstructure

Design of Substructure

Structural drawing Structural drawing

Calculation of quantities Calculation of quantities

Design checking
 Design Procedures of Superstructure

Set up Design Criteria ---- Structural type, Bridge length,

Span length, Road width,
Design load,
Allowable stress of materials
Design of Deck slab

Design of Girder

Design of Cross Beam

Design of Bearing support

 Selection of Superstructure Types
Span 100
Type 50 150 m
I-shaped girder
Box girder
Steel Bridge

Truss
Arch

Hollow slab
T-shaped girder
I-shaped girder
PC Bridge

Box girder
(Cantilever erection)

Box girder
(with scaffolding)

Hollow slab
Bridge

Arch
RC
Selection of Abutment Types

Profiles

When earth
pressure is reduced
Selection of Pier Types

Profiles
Including Follow-
Wall type
Selection of Foundation Types
Overview of Erection Methods
Summary of Erection Method
Overview of Erection Methods
Overview of Erection Methods
Overview of Erection Methods
Overview of Erection Methods
Overview of Erection Methods
Overview of Erection Methods
Overview of Erection Methods
Overview of Erection Methods
Overview of Erection Methods