RCC MOMENT FRAMED

RCC FLATE PLATE AND SLAB

PRESENTED BY ASHISH, BHAVANA,
HASITA, MANOJ AND NAVEED
Moment frames
A fundamental structure in engineering – the frame – is a two-dimensional series of
interconnected members joined together. The members are not necessarily straight
and may be free jointed anywhere along their length. In real structures, moment
frames in two orthogonal directions are often connected together to form a three-
dimensional frame of columns and beams. Moment frames are designed to carry
vertical and horizontal loads in the same plane but may also be drawn on to provide
resistance to horizontal loads out of the plane of the frame. They can be found in
many different materials and building applications.
A moment frame is a special type of frame that uses rigid connections between each
of its constituent members. This configuration is able to resist lateral and
overturning forces because of the bending moment and shear strength that is
inherent in its members and the connecting joints. Therefore, the stiffness and
strength of the moment frame in seismic design depends on the stiffness and
strength of its members.
Because moment frames can be more flexible than other options, such as shear
walls, they allow larger movements during an earthquake. Non-flexible elements
attached to the frame, such as the cladding, must be designed to accommodate the
additional movement to avoid damage.
This example of a three-dimensional concrete moment frame
consists of a series of columns and beams.
 Braced frames
Another fundamental concept in engineering – bracing – involves added additional
elements to a frame in order to increase its ability to withstand lateral loads . There are two
main varieties of braced frames – concentric and eccentric.
Concentric bracing
Concentric bracing consists of diagonal braces located in the plane of the frame. Both
ends of the brace join at the end points of other framing members to form a truss, creating
a stiff frame.
Concentric bracing may be arranged in several different configurations – such as X, K or
one-directional diagonal bracing – and the bracing members may be designed to act in
tension or compression or both. Balanced diagonal bracing is the most common for
medium-rise structures because it provides the same strength in both directions.
Efficient energy dissipation is difficult to achieve in concentrically braced frames.
Eccentric bracing
 Eccentric bracing consists of diagonal braces located in the plane of the
frame where one or both ends of the brace do not join at the end points of
other framing members.
 The system essentially combines the features of a moment frame and a
concentrically braced frame, while minimising the disadvantages of each
system.
 The eccentric connection to the frame means an eccentric brace transfers
lateral forces via shear either to another brace or to a vertical column.
 When properly proportioned, eccentric braced frames may exhibit a more
ductile characteristic and greater energy dissipation capabilities than a
concentric braced frame in the same material.
 MOMENT FRAMED SLAB
 The Moment Frame slab comprises high
quality precast column and beam elements,
produced under factory-controlled
conditions, that are connected together
using traditional construction methods and
materials: rebar, post-tensioning
steel. Rebar and post-tensioning provide
strength to the connection, with the rebar
also acting to dissipate energy as in a
traditional special moment frame.
Benefits

 Faster installation than other traditional frame and skin cladding

systems.
 Inherent fire-resistant qualities of concrete structure.
 Lower long-term maintenance, for both the exterior and interior.
 Superior vibration control (performance characteristics).
 Environmentally-friendly use of locally and regionally extracted
and manufactured materials (concrete) vs. structural steel and
fireproofing.
 A moment frame consists of a system of columns and beams that are connected to
one another with fully and/or partially restrained moment connections. With a
moment connection, a column is attached to a beam with no releases at the joint
when structurally analyzed. Loads are resisted in moment-frame systems by
flexure in the beams and columns that induce shears and moments into the beams,
columns, and their moment-connected joints. The three types of moment frames
are ordinary moment frame (OMF), intermediate moment frame (IMF), and
special moment frame (SMF) defined as follows:
 OMFs are expected to withstand limited inelastic deformations in their members
and connections as a result of lateral forces. OMFs are typically used in non/low-
seismic regions.
 IMFs are expected to withstand limited inelastic deformations in their members
and connections as a result of lateral forces and require the use of pre-qualified
connections per the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) or
connections that have undergone and passed a qualifying cyclic test. IMFs must
sustain an inter-story drift angle of up to 0.02 radians, and are typically used in
low/mid-seismic regions.
 SMFs are expected to withstand significant inelastic deformation in their members
and connections as a result of lateral forces and require the use of pre-qualified
connections per AISC or connections that have undergone and passed a qualifying
cyclic test. SMFs must sustain an inter-story drift angle of up to 0.04 radians.
SMFs are typically used in mid/high-seismic regions.
Ordinary moment frame Intermediate moment frame

Special moment frame

 Flat slab
 A flat slab is two way reinforced concreate slab that usually doesn't have beams and girders ,and
the loads are transferred directly to the supporting concrete columns .
 The benefits of choosing flat slabs include a minimum depth solution, speed of construction ,
flexibility in the plan layout
 A flat slab is a flexural member which is constructed without using any beams . It directly rests on
columns which may or may not have column cap to resist punching shear.
 Flat slab are also known as beamless slab, is a type of slab in which the flooring slab is directly
supported on columns without the agency of beam or girders.
 For span from 5 to 9m thin flat slabs are the preferred solution for the construction of in- situ
concrete frame building, where a square or near square grid is used.
 They are provided in theatres, factories, and mills, shopping complex and other buildings.
 Flat slab can be classified as one way slabs . One way slabs , as the name suggests , can be used
for narrow rooms with a maximum width of 10’ to 12’ and have steel reinforcement designed to be
spanned one way only making them more economical.
 The size of panel should not exceed 9mx9m.

 There must be three rows in two directions at right angles.

 The ratio of length to breadth of any two adjacent panels should not differ by more than 10% of
the greater length.
The extra thickness around the column is there to strengthen the column
floor connection and resist the negative moments. The floor itself can be
thinner with less dead weight
 The columns tends to punch through the slab in flat slabs , which can be treated
by three methods.
1. using a drop panel and a column capital in flat slab .
2. Using a drop panel without a column capital in flat slab .
3. Using a column capital without drop panel in flat slab.
Types of flat slab construction :
4. Simple flat slab
5. Flat slab with drop panels.
6. Flat slab with column head.
7. Flat slab with both.
Uses of flat slab:
1. In parking's.
2. Commercial buildings.
3. Hotels .
4. Entrance porch
Flat slab exhibits several advantages such as ,
• providing architectural flexibility
• more clear space,
• lower building ht.
• Easier formwork
• consequently shorter construction time.
• Cheaper shuttering
• Flat underside of slab
• Simplicity of formwork and resulting in speed of construction low
floor to floor ht. Reduce the total building height thus reducing
the lateral loads,
• cost of building cladding,
• cost of vertical mechanical and electrical lines , and air
conditioning cost
 `
PLAN SECTION

REINFORCEMENT
DETAIL
 FLAT PLATE SLAB
 The flat plate is a slab of uniform thickness, the simplest of structural shapes.
 A flat plate is a one- or two-way system usually supported directly on columns or
load bearing walls.
 It is one of the most common forms of construction of floors in buildings.
 The principal feature of the flat plate floor is a uniform or near-uniform thickness
with a flat soffit which requires only simple formwork and is easy to construct.

• The floor allows great flexibility for locating

horizontal services above a suspended
ceiling or in a bulkhead.
• The economical span of a flat plate can be
extended by prestressing to approximately D
x 30, D x 37 and D x 40 respectively, where
D is the depth of slab.
• load is directly transferred to the columns
the shear is very critical at the area of
connection of slab with column (called
punching shear).
  Advantages of System:
 Simple formwork and suitable for direct fix ceiling
 No beams—simplifying under-floor services
 Minimum structural depth and reduced floor-to floor
height
 Building height can be reduced
 Less construction time

 Disadvantages of System:
 Medium spans
 Limited lateral load capacity.
 May need shear heads or shear reinforcement at the
columns or larger columns for shear
 Long-term deflection may occur.
 May not be suitable for heavy loads
Uses
• Flat slabs are generally used in parking
decks, commercial buildings, hotels or
places where beam projections are not
desired.
• Floors of apartment complexes.
 Commonly used where spans are not large (20 to 25 ft).& also loads not
particularly heavy (60 to 100 pounds per square feet)
 Difference between flat slab and flat plate slab
 The flat plat is a slab of uniform thickness while in flat slab there is
thickened slab region in the vicinity of the column that includes either drop
panel or column capitals.
•Reinforcement bars should be properly detailed between the columns and
slabs.
 Construction time is
less because the form
work is easy and there
are no beams.
The curing time for
the slab is 28days.
Cost of construction is
280rs per square meter

PLAN OF FLAT PLATE

SLAB
TYPES OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENT FOR PLATE
SLABS