REALISED BY :

Chiheb aftene chaima ghozléne

PROJECT’S PLAN :
 What is autonomy?
 What does autonomous learning mean?
 Characteristics of autonomy
 TYPES OF AUTONOMY
 How to develop learner autonomy?
 Why is it important to take responsibility for your own
learning? and what’s the importance of autonomous
learning??
 What other autonomous learning skills you think
you need to develop and how you can do it?
 What are the disadvantages of autonomy?
 Conclusion
WHAT IS AUTONOMY?
 In its simplest sense, autonomy is about a person’s ability to act on his or her
own values and interests. Taken from ancient Greek, the word means ‘self-
legislation’ or ‘self-governance’, In developmental psychology and moral,
political, and bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an
informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomy can also be defined from a
human resources perspective, where it denotes a (relatively high) level of
discretion granted to an employee in his or her work. In such cases, autonomy
is known to generally increase job satisfaction. Self-actualized Individuals are
thought to operate autonomously of external expectations. In a medical
context, respect for a patient's personal autonomy is considered one of many
fundamental ethical
WHAT DOES AUTONOMOUS
LEARNING MEAN?

 It refers to a situation in which learners are

responsible for their learning. They take
charge of their own learning and are actively
involved, taking individual decisions
according to their necessities or preferences
focused on the goals they need to achieve.
Individualized learning where learners
themselves assume the responsibility
for their own learning process, refers to the student engaging
becoming the most important element in the learning environment
of such process. Therefore, they are independent of instructor
supposed to take the initiative in guidance/supervision and peer
learning, making their own decisions interaction/communication.
with the aim of achieving their personal She/he takes primary
goals, while teachers are relegated to responsibility for her/his
the background and are expected to learning needs and goals, as
facilitate the process by giving advice well as for self-assessment of
and helping pupils when necessary work completed

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CHARACTERISTICS OF AUTONOMY :
 methodical/disciplined.
 logical/analytical.
 reflective/self-aware.
 motivated/curious.
 flexible.
 interdependent/inter-personally
competent.
 responsible/persistent.
 venturesome/creative.
TYPES OF AUTONOMY:
HOW TO DEVELOP LEARNER
AUTONOMY?
1. Identify your own learning needs.
2. Set learning goals to address those needs.
3. Identify resources (human, as well as
material) to help you achieve your learning
goals.
4. Apply appropriate learning strategies.
5. Evaluate the outcomes of your learning.
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO TAKE RESPONSIBILITY
FOR YOUR OWN LEARNING? AND WHAT’S THE
IMPORTANCE OF AUTONOMOUS LEARNING??
 Taking responsibility for your own learning
makes it easier to identify your strengths
and weaknesses. Once these have been
identified you can work on a learning plan
that focuses on the areas that you need most
help with, increasing the speed of your
learning, and build the skills you have been
trying to perfect
 Learning to learn is essential in the
development of a self-regulated, autonomous
learner. Teaching the skills of researching,
developing critical and creative thinking,
communication skills, and social and self-
management abilities is key for learners today

It enhances the learner's motivation and

leads to more effective learning.
 It provides learners with more
opportunities for English communication in a
non-native environment.
It caters to the individual needs of learners
at all levels.
It has a lasting influence.
WHAT OTHER AUTONOMOUS LEARNING
SKILLS YOU THINK YOU NEED TO DEVELOP
AND HOW YOU CAN DO IT?
 Students nowadays need to use three major
types of autonomous learning skills:
a) general learning or study skills, such as
researching, making choices and decisions
about one's learning
b) language learning skills or abilities for
different focuses, such as independent
writing and revision skills, extensive
reading ...
WHAT ARE THE DISADVANTAGES
OF AUTONOMY?
 In the context of a nation state
comprised of both a national
government and several local
government units, local government
autonomy may give rise to certain
disadvantages, such as conflicting
regulation, overlapping regulation,
excessive regulation and excessive
taxation.
CONCLUSION :
 Autonomy ……is freedom to develop one’s
self to increase one’s knowledge, improve
one’s skills, and acheive responsibility for
one’s conduct . And it’s freedom to lead
one’s own life , to choose among
alternative courses of action so long as no
injury to others results.