Comparative Analysis of Economies: (Norway and Pakistan)

EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

City of Dasmariñas, Cavite
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIES

(NORWAY AND PAKISTAN)
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OBJECTIVES:
 Describe the economies and economic policies of two

selected countries
 Determine the fundamental advancement of the two
selected countries
 Create a comparative chart in terms of given components

NORWAY
(DEVELOPED COUNTRY)
‘’Land of the Midnight Sun’’

GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE
 Parliamentary System ( 169-seat parliament )

 Constitutional Monarchy
 Unitary State
- counties (fylke) – As of 2020, Norway’s 19
counties have become 11.
- municipalities (kommuner) – 433 Erna Solberg
municipalities (Prime Minister of Norway)
 Leader of the Conservative Party of Norway

 Prime Minister since the General Election in 2013
and re-elected in September 2017.
 Co-chaired of the UN Secretary General’s
Advocacy group for the Sustainable Development
goals.
NATIONAL CURRENCY
 The Norwegian krone is the official currency of Norway.
Its currency code is "ISK" and its symbol is "kr’’.

NATIONAL SYMBOLS
 The white-throated dipper is Norway's national bird.  Coat of Arms of Norway
National flag of Norway  The Purple Heather is Norway's national flower.

LITERACY AND EDUCATION

Education in Norway is mandatory for all children aged 6-16. The school year in Norway runs from mid
August to late June the following year.
The Norwegian school system can be divided into three parts:
• ELEMENTARY SCHOOL (GRADES 1-7, AGES 6-13), • UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL (GRADES VG1-VG3,
AGES 16-19).
- students spend most of their time playing educational games and
learning social structures, the alphabet, basic addition and subtraction, - Three years of optional schooling; few jobs available for the age group
and basic English skills
- Three branches of upper secondary schooling:
‘’General" (language, history etc)
• LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL (GRADES 8-10, AGES 13-16) "mercantile" (accounting.) and "vocational" (electronics, carpentry, etc.) studies
- they begin getting grades for their work students could choose a practical
elective instead of the languages GENERAL AND VOCATIONAL CURRICULUM "2+2 MODEL’’
- two years of school training (workshop and internship)
• NEW REFORM: INCORPORATION OF IT INTO THE SCHOOLING - training for two years in an enterprise or a public institution
MANDATORY, AND MANY COUNTIES (RESPONSIBLE FOR THE (one year of training and one year of effective work)
PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS)
- offer laptops to general studies students for free or for a small fee.

Norway Literacy Rate 1990-2018
Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above

who can both read and write with understanding a short simple
statement about their everyday life.

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MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT
• Public transport use in Norway is at all-time high. This high usage level
is a result of political priorities and represents a cost in terms of
subsidies to public transport.
• Norway has a well-established public transport system and a large

network of buses, ferries, trains and planes.
• Free public transport throughout Oslo and the immediate surroundings.

With the Oslo Pass, you get unlimited travel
on Ruter's public transport system in zones 1 and 2.
POPULATION DRINKING WATER IN NORWAY

10 %
80% 90 %
 Water quality in Norway ranks second in having the best

tap water in the world. The country has special programs
that protect its groundwater and other water systems that
safeguard the quality of water for its citizens.
-Water Resources Act -
Drinking water systems Drinking surface water Drinking groundwater

Norway - Fixed Broadband Internet Subscribers (per 100
People)
• Norway consists of fixed telephony networks (fiber, coax and copper),
wireless networks (both analogue and digital mobile), and cable
television networks.
• According to a global leader in connection testing, Norway has the fastest

mobile internet in the world. At an average speed of 52.6 Mbps, Norway
has the fastest mobile internet connection in the world.
COVID-19’s Impact on Global Internet Performance (Updated July 20)

HEALTHCARE SERVICES IN NORWAY
Norway's healthcare is not free, but it is heavily subsidized.
What Does the Public Healthcare Cover?
• Once a person reaches an annual limit of expenditure (currently just

over 2,000kr), they receive an exemption card and will not have to
pay any more within the calendar year.
• Rehabilitation, dental care services for children up to 18 years of

age and psychological care for children under 18 years of age • Medical records: Every individual in the healthcare system will have
a digital healthcare file.
• The exemptions to this system include children under sixteen and
pregnant women, who receive free healthcare Private healthcare is funded by patient fees and is
much more costly but still offered insurance fees.
• Patients can choose their own GP (Doctor) from a government
list.

RESOURCES
As of 29 November 2019 of 5th Gas Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Gas First delivery % of Volume (Mill.
Exporting Countries Forum Member, Norway is world’s 13th largest oil producer. point/country total Sm³)
In addition, Norway is the 5th largest natural gas producer and the 3rd largest per capita.
USA 2.8 2.3
Norway has rich resources of oil, petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, titanium, pyrites, United Kingdom 27.7 23.4
nickel, fish, timber, hydropower The Netherlands 18.8 15.9
Sweden 9.5 8.1
Spain 2.3 1.9
Italy 0.9 0.8
Ireland 0.7 0.6
Germany 7.6 6.4
France 3.7 3.1
Finland 1.6 1.3
Denmark 2.5 2.1
China 4.5 3.8
Norwegian oil deliveries in 2019, by first delivery
point Updated: 28.04.2020
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MIGRATION
There are four main reasons for immigration to Norway that are
lawfully accepted – employment, education, protection and family
reunification.
Number of immigrants to Norway in the time period from 1990 to 2019, by

Immigration to Norway from 2009 to 2019 reason of immigration
According to the Norwegian Immigration Act, all foreigners have to apply for permanent residency in order to live and work in Norway,
except for citizens of Nordic countries.

PAKISTAN
(DEVELOPING COUNTRY)
Islamic Republic of Pakistan as “Land of the Pure”

GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE Imran Khan

(Prime Minister)
As the of 18th of August 2018 he is
2nd and current Prime Minister of
Pakistan.
 Federal Republic
 Multiparty Parliamentary Dr. Arif Alvi

(Head of the State)
Republic As the 13th President of Islamic
Republic of Pakistan on 9th September
2018 party run by Prime Minister Imran
Khan

NATIONAL CURRENCY
Pakistan Rupee (PKR)
- is the currency abbreviation or currency symbol for the
Pakistani rupee, represented by the symbol Rp.

EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
LITERACY AND EDUCATION Doctoral Degree
Master’s Degree
Bachelor’s Degree
English is fast spreading in Pakistan , school year
runs from September to June the following year. Highest Secondary Diploma of Associate Nat’l Vocational Certificate
School Certificate engineer (level 1 -4)
Article 25-A of Constitution of Pakistan obligates the HIGH HIGHER SECONDARY

(Grades 11-12)
state to provide free and compulsory quality (Grades 9-10)
2 years 2 years
education to children of the age group 3 to 16
SPECIALIZATION: SECONDARY SPECIALIZATION:
years. science, humanities, SCHOOL economics,
and technical. (4 years) geography, and
MIDDLE SCHOOL business studies in
K TO 12 curriculum covers both the public and private (Grades 6-8) the humanities
sectors stream
ELEMENTARY LEVEL
(Grades 1-5)
EARLY CHILDHOOD
(AGES 3 -4 years old)

Pakistan: Literacy Rate from 2006 To 2017, Total and by Gender

CAUSES OF GENDER DISPARITIES ARE
NUMEROUS
(PARTICULARLY IN RURAL AREAS and
WOMEN)
- STUDENTS GOT RAPED (women)

- CHILD MARRIAGE (women)
- POVERTY (FAMILIES WHO CANNOT AFFORD THE
COSTS RELATED TO EDUCATION)
- GIRLS ARE FOR HOUSEWORK
- ARMED CONFLICT AND TARGETED ATTACKS ON
SCHOOLS
- -HIGH COST OF EDUCATION
- -NO ENFORCEMENT OF COMPULSORY
EDUCATION
- -CORRUPTION
In Pakistan, women’s education is in dire need of improvement, and so far, the number of illiterate women has not decreased - on the
contrary, it has been going up for years. Although education for both genders is not prohibited in Pakistan, women are generally not as
well educated as men. Pakistan is one of the countries deemed worst for women in general when it comes to quality of life and safety.

NATIONAL SYMBOLS
National Flag
Majestic Faisal Masjid Shalwar Kameez

National Mosque National Dress
Okra or Lady Finger
National Vegetable
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MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT
FORT MUNRO - Punjab Province of Pakistan
ASIA'S SECOND LARGEST STEEL BRIDGE
• Fort Munro steel bridge, Dera Ghazi Khan is a 33-kilometer long mountain area of N-70.
• Contained of eight steel bridges that have become fully functional for heavy traffic, connecting the
Iran-Pakistan border and Gwadar via N-70, height of 6,470 feet (1,970 m)
• Project had decreased vehicles’ operational and maintenance cost and travel hours between Punjab
and Balochistan provinces.

WATER AVAILABILITY IN PAKISTAN
The River Indus and its tributaries are the main source of water
supply in Pakistan. Dams and barrages have been built on the Indus
and its tributaries to store water.
Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS)

- the largest contiguous irrigation system in the world. The IBIS
irrigates 45 million acres of farmland
- three (3) large dams, (85) eighty-five small dams, (19) nineteen
barrages, (12) twelve inter-river link canals, (45) forty-five canal
commands and 0.7 million tube wells
Three main sources of Water Availability in Indus Basin

- Western Rivers of Indus Basin
- Rainwater (receive on average 40 million acres feet of water annual)
- Ground water (40 percent of crop water requirements of the country)

EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
PAKISTAN: INTERNET ACCESS

76th
The annual Economist Intelligence Unit which measures access to
the internet among countries in terms of availability, affordability and people's
ability to use the web has placed Pakistan at 76th out of 100 countries.
(2020)
Low level of digital literacy and poor-quality networks, the country also scored
poorly in the affordability indicators.
Infrastructure gaps, the rural and urban divide, and economic inequality in
Pakistan. (reasons for unequal access to the internet in Pakistan)
35 percent of Pakistan lacks internet infrastructure (private companies invest

in urban towns for commercial reasons and benefits.)

HEALTHCARE DELIVERY SYSTEM OF
PAKISTAN
HEALTH CARE IN PAKISTAN
- It has a mixed health system that includes public, parastatal, Primary Healthcare
(provides curative and
private, civil society, philanthropic contributors, and donor agencies preventive Healthcare Services)
Basic Health Units & Rural Health Centers

- private sector attends 70% of the population through a diverse Maternal and child health (MCH)
group of trained health team members to traditional faith healers Rural Health Centers (RHCs)
- The life expectancy for Pakistan in 2019 was 67.17 years,

Secondary Healthcare
a 0.23% increase from 2018. (technical, therapeutic and diagnostic
services; specialist consultation and
hospital admissions)
FOUR HEALTH PROGRAMS IN PAKISTAN
 Epidemics Prevention and Control Program Tertiary Healthcare
 Extended Program on Immunization (EPI) (specialized inpatient care;
 Punjab AIDS Control Program referrals from primary or secondary health
professionals)
 TB Control Program

RESOURCES OF PAKISTAN
Pakistan has immense reserves of several minerals and natural
resources that include coal, gold, copper, bauxite, mineral salt,
chromite, iron ore, arable land etc. Pakistan also mines a variety
of precious and semi-precious minerals including ruby, topaz, and
emerald.
Arable land - -In 2015, the total arable land in Pakistan

amounted to approximately 30.44 million hectares.

MIGRATION POLICIES
 THE REGISTRATION OF FOREIGNERS, ACT 1939
MIGRATION POLICY -act of registration requirements for foreigners ,entering,
departing or moving within Pakistan. This is serves identity
documents foreigners are required to carry.
 THE FOREIGNERS ACT, 1946

40% MAIN MOTIVE FOR MIGRATION -gives special authorities to the Federal government to
35% change the conditions for foreigners entering or residing in
30% Pakistan.
25%
 THE EMIGRATION RULES, 1979
20%
- this decree regulates emigration from Pakistan in all its
15% form. The recruitment regulations and procedures, licenses to
10% work abroad, minimum wage level ang age are all included.
5%
 REGISTRATION OF FOREIGNERS RULES, 1966
0%
- underlines the procedures to follow to comply with
Marriage Parents Employment Returning Home
registration requirements for foreigners.
MAJOR ECONOMIC POLICIES

PAKISTAN NORWAY
Pakistan's economy is largely based on private
Labor-market policy is proactive, with an
business
emphasis on retraining long-term unemployed
As of February 2020, Pakistan’s economic policy for the workers. Income and consumption taxes are
next decade should have a balanced approach and high, though corporate rates are moderate.
focus on human wellbeing and not just GDP growth
a) forming special economic zones (SEZs), Norway has a stable economy and an
(b) taking on more active role in running state-owned unemployment rate of 3.8% (February
enterprises (SOEs),
c) intervention in markets to encourage a conducive
2020)
environment for economic exchange,
(d) to overall meet the challenge of bringing wellbeing
to human beings.

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Prepared By: Micaela Galera

Comparative Analysis of Economies: (Norway and Pakistan)

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EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED

QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIES

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

 Describe the economies and economic policies of two

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

 Parliamentary System ( 169-seat parliament )

 Leader of the Conservative Party of Norway

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

National flag of Norway  The Purple Heather is Norway's national flower.

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

LITERACY AND EDUCATION

The Norwegian school system can be divided into three parts:

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

Norway Literacy Rate 1990-2018

Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

• Norway has a well-established public transport system and a large

• Free public transport throughout Oslo and the immediate surroundings.

POPULATION DRINKING WATER IN NORWAY

 Water quality in Norway ranks second in having the best

-Water Resources Act -

Drinking water systems Drinking surface water Drinking groundwater

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

• According to a global leader in connection testing, Norway has the fastest

COVID-19’s Impact on Global Internet Performance (Updated July 20)

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

City of Dasmariñas, Cavite QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

HEALTHCARE SERVICES IN NORWAY

Norway's healthcare is not free, but it is heavily subsidized.

What Does the Public Healthcare Cover?

• Once a person reaches an annual limit of expenditure (currently just

• Rehabilitation, dental care services for children up to 18 years of

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

Number of immigrants to Norway in the time period from 1990 to 2019, by

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE Imran Khan

 Multiparty Parliamentary Dr. Arif Alvi

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

Article 25-A of Constitution of Pakistan obligates the HIGH HIGHER SECONDARY

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

Pakistan: Literacy Rate from 2006 To 2017, Total and by Gender

- STUDENTS GOT RAPED (women)

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

Majestic Faisal Masjid Shalwar Kameez

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

WATER AVAILABILITY IN PAKISTAN

Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS)

Three main sources of Water Availability in Indus Basin

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

PAKISTAN: INTERNET ACCESS

35 percent of Pakistan lacks internet infrastructure (private companies invest

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

Basic Health Units & Rural Health Centers

- The life expectancy for Pakistan in 2019 was 67.17 years,

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •

City of Dasmariñas, Cavite QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Arable land - -In 2015, the total arable land in Pakistan

• VIRTUE • • EXCELLENCE • • SERVICE •