Class Prayer

The Philippine National Anthem

 • Science 9 Online Class

• Gina Abjelina
Teacher: Mrs. Gina M. Piñero • Jade Banga
SST-2 • Merian Joy Baring
General Science • Sophia Cornelio
Teacher • Jen Ross Cupat
13 years with • Kristine Mae Facundo
HFGMHS • Harry Carlton III Gore
• Russell Jem Pardillo
• Channy Tinaya
• Buenrico Tan
 • House Rules
• Come to class on time.

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•
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important in
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learning the • Participate in all the tasks and activities that you are told to
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lessons • Always listen and stay focused.

online…
 SCIENCE 10
Unit i. Earth
and
Space
Lesson 1. Plate
Tectonics
Competency:
Describe and relate the distribution of active volcanoes, earthquake
epicenters and major mountain belts to Plate Tectonics

Objectives:
1. Describe how are volcanoes and earthquake epicenters located along
the plate boundaries.
2. Identify the different kinds of waves produced with the earthquake
3. Develop awareness of the risks of volcanic eruption and earthquake
 Let’s investigate…

Questions to Ponder • Where do most volcanoes found on

the map?
• How will you compare the location
of volcanoes with that of the plate
boundaries? the volcanoes and
earthquake epicenters?
• How are volcanoes arranged or
distributed on the map?
• What can we say of the earthquake
epicenters?
 Marking the Boundaries
• Map of the distribution • Map of the distribution of
• of volcanoes • earthquake epicenters

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
 Let’s get engaged…
• So what are these 2 geologic processes that mark the
plate boundaries as shown on the maps?
Answer: __________________________
• What can you say about the 2 maps? Are their
similarities or differences?
Answer:
______________________________________________
 TYPES OF EARTHQUAKE WAVES

• Earthquake shaking and damage is the result of three basic types of elastic waves. Two of the three
propagate within a body of rock. The faster of these body waves is called the primary or P wave. Its
motion is the same as that of a sound wave in that, as it spreads out, it alternately pushes
(compresses) and pulls (dilates) the rock. These P waves are able to travel through both solid rock,
such as granite mountains, and liquid material, such as volcanic magma or the water of the oceans

1. What arete 2 kinds of body waves? _______________________________________

2. In what medium can the P waves travel? ___________________________________
3. What are the 2 movements of P waves? ____________________________________
4. What wave is slower compared to P waves? _________________________________
 TYPES OF EARTHQUAKE WAVES

The slower wave through the body of rock is called the secondary or S wave. As an S wave
propagates, it shears the rock sideways at right angles to the direction of travel. If a liquid is
sheared sideways or twisted, it will not spring back, hence S waves cannot propagate in the
liquid parts of the earth, such as oceans and lakes.

1. What material can S waves travel? _________________________________________

2. What 2 properties of rocks affect the actual speed of P and S waves?
__________________________________________________
3. How do the P waves move? Describe the movement.
. ___________________________________________________________________
4. Which waves is describe as damaging? Why?
_____________________________________________________________________
 TYPES OF EARTHQUAKE WAVES
The third general type of earthquake wave is called a surface wave, reason being is that its motion is restricted to
near the ground surface. Such waves correspond to ripples of water that travel across a lake.
Surface waves in earthquakes can be divided into two types. The first is called a Love wave. Its motion is essentially
that of S waves that have no vertical displacement; it moves the ground from side to side in a horizontal plane but at
right angles to the direction of propagation. The horizontal shaking of Love waves is particularly damaging to the
foundations of structures.

The second type of surface wave is known as a Rayleigh wave. Like rolling ocean waves, Rayleigh waves
wave move both vertically and horizontally in a vertical plane pointed in the direction in which the waves are
travelling.
 TYPES OF EARTHQUAKE WAVES
Surface waves travel more slowly than body waves (P and S); and of the two surface waves, Love waves
generally travel faster than Rayleigh waves. Love waves (do not propagate through water) can effect surface
water only insofar as the sides of lakes and ocean bays pushing water sideways like the sides of a vibrating tank,
whereas Rayleigh waves, because of their vertical component of their motion can affect the bodies of water
such as lakes.

P and S waves have a characteristic which effects shaking: when they move through layers of rock in the crust,
they are reflected or refracted at the interfaces between rock types. Whenever either wave is refracted or
reflected, some of the energy of one type is converted to waves of the other type. A common example; a P wave
travels upwards and strikes the bottom of a layer of alluvium, part of its energy will pass upward through the
alluvium as a P wave and part will pass upward as the converted S-wave motion. Noting also that part of the
energy will also be reflected back downward as P and S waves.

1. What are the 2 types of surface waves? ____________________________________

2. How does a Love wave move? ___________________________________________
3. What damaged will a Love wave cause? ___________________________________
4. Describe the movement of Rayleigh wave. _________________________________
5. Differentiate the 2 kinds of surface waves___________________________________
MOUNTAIN BELTS
How Mountains are Formed?
 Lets have an Evaluation…
• Log in to Edmodo to take the Quiz now…
• Use your username and password.
• To join the class, use this class code 5c6skp
• Check on the assignment posted for the activities you need to
do.
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and the activities to submit before the given time will elapsed
for it will be marked LATE.
REFLECTION TIME (SHARE…SHARE)
• What have you learned?

I know that _______________________________

I learned that _____________________________
I realized that _____________________________
It made me think that _______________________