BOLD FMRI

A partial requirement for functional imaging course

Prepared by: Hala Yousef Rabee\s1811023

Alquds university/postgraduate studies\medical imaging

department

Presented to: Dr-Mohammed Hjouj

11/11/2020 1
 BOLD FMRI
• blood oxygenation level dependent

Reader
of your
mind
11/11/2020 2
 Overview
• First : how our brain work’s ?

• Imagine that your brain like a car moving on a

constant speed with a constant fuel consumption

(Google)

11/11/2020 3
 Overview
• And suddenly increasing the speed
• Which will lead increase the fuel flow and
consumption
• Will keep on until the speed decrease gradually
• The fuel consumption will decrease until the
speed return to its normal state and so the fuel
consumption

11/11/2020 4
 Overview
• Our brain is the same

• Lots of neurons neural activity

increase blood flow\volume

Increase the
metabolic rate of
0xygen This is what we call hemodynamic process
11/11/2020 5
 BOLD FMRI
• The role of bold fmri is to map the neural activity
indirectly
• It doesn't measure the neural activity itself

• But measuring the blood oxygen level which is a

correlate to a neural activity

11/11/2020 6
 BOLD FMRI
• Why oxygen level?
• Different magnetic properties between oxygen
rich-blood and oxygen-poor blood

11/11/2020 (Google) 7
 BOLD FMRI
• since BOLD/fMRI signal from an "activated"
brain region differentiate from "non-activated"
areas , changes must be measured between "on
task" and "off task" states. 

• Bold images acquired before\during and after

activation
• Activation done by a stimulus

11/11/2020 8
 BOLD FMRI pulse sequence
• Since the concentrations of oxy\deoxy-
haemoglobin alters the T2\T2* the pulse
sequence must have the following properties

1-sensitivity to T2 and/or T2* changes

2-ability to detect the intrinsically low BOLD signal,

often just a few percent different than baseline

3-sufficient spatial and temporal resolution

11/11/2020 9
 BOLD FMRI pulse sequence
• At fields of 3.0 T or below, T2*-weighted gradient
echo (GRE) sequences are the most commonly
used BOLD sequences

• At 7.0T and higher, T2-weighted spin echo (SE)

techniques are generally preferred

11/11/2020 10
 FMRI Processing/Analysis

• After acquiring fMRI and anatomic scans, several

steps are needed to transform this raw data into
meaningful information:

1-preprocessing: correct data

2-statistical analysis: (GLM) and (COA)
3-maps:created to show brain areas with high
activation level
4-interpretation:forward inference\reverse
inference
11/11/2020 11
 BOLD FMRI Advantages
• Non-invasive technique

• Endogenous contrast

• Excellent spatial resolution

• Resonable temporal resolution

11/11/2020 12
 BOLD FMRI

11/11/2020 Google 13
 The End

11/11/2020 14