The process types program Non-program

through which
managers and CHARACTERISTIC It is structured Deals with unique, unusual
leaders identify Chapter 3: or exceptional problem.
and resolve
Decision Making can be handled by a It is unstructured and
problems and TYPES
TYPES OF
OF DM
DM requires higher level
capitalize on routine approach
management
opportunities
Advantages GDM
EG. Rules & regulations Government’s decision to
•Experience and expertise of several individuals Group
Group Decision
Decision Making
Making prevent Coronavirus by
available (GDM) stopped all the travelling
(GDM) outside country.
•More information, data, and facts accumulated :: becoming
becoming more
more common
common
•Problems viewed from several perspectives as
as organizations focus
organizations focus on
on TYPES
TYPES OF
OF
improving
improving customer
customer service
service CONDITIONS
CONDITIONS UNDER
UNDER
•Higher member satisfaction
and
and push
push decision
decision making
making DM
DM
•Greater acceptance and commitment to decisions to
to lower levels
lower levels
7
7 STEPS
STEPS IN
IN DM
DM Types SITUATION/ CONDITION E.G

Disadvantages GDM
Steps Explanation E.g.
•Greater time requirement
•Minority domination Identifying opportunities and The clear identification of Opportunity: 2 potential
diagnosing problems opportunities or the diagnosis locations to open a new branch
•Compromise of problems that require a of wood factory. Problem:
decisio limited resources thus can only
•Concern for individual rather than group goals select 1 location
•Social pressure to conform
Identifying objectives Objectives reflect the results Objective: to choose the best
•Groupthink the organization wants to location that fully maximize the
attain benefits of this location

Types Brief explanation
Brainstorming A technique used to enhance
creativity that encourages group
members to generate as many
novel ideas as possible on a
given topic without evaluating
them
Nominal Group Technique A structured process designed to
stimulate creative group
decision-making in which
agreement is lacking or the
members have incomplete
knowledge concerning the nature
of the problem
Generating alternatives
Evaluating alternatives
develops various ways to solve
the problem and achieve
objectives.
value or relative advantages or
disadvantages of each
alternative
Alternatives:
Location 1: Sipitang Location 2:
Tambunan
RATIONALE
RATIONALE OF
OF DM
DM
Location 1: Easy access to
supply of raw materials.
However, community
acceptance is poor due to
possible air pollution produce.
Location 2: availability of
productive labour, moderate
access to supply of raw
materials & good community
acceptance to the idea of new
factory to be build.

Reaching decisions Making a final choice Location 2: Tambunan

Delphi Technique An approach that uses the
experts to make predictions and
forecasts about future events
without meeting face to face Choosing implementation reaching a decision and To present the proposal of new
strategies evaluating the results. branch to the top management
for approva