GROUNDWATER

 Water that collects or flows beneath the Earth’s surface, filling the porous spaces
in soil, sediment, and rocks.
TYPES OF GROUNDWATER

 Meteoric Water
 Connate Water
 Juvenile Water
Meteoric Water

 the water derived from precipitation (snow and rain).

 meteoric water is the water that has fallen as rain and has filled up the porous and
permeable shallow rocks, or percolate through them along bedding planes,
fractures, and permeable layers.
Connate Water
 Water trapped in the pores of a rock during
formation of the rock. The chemistry of
connate water can change in composition
throughout the history of the rock. Connate
water can be dense and saline compared
with seawater.
 Connate water is also described as fossil
water.
Juvenile Water

 Also called Magmatic Water.

 It is the water found in the cracks and crevices or porous of rocks due to
condensation of steam emanating from hot molten masses or magmas existing
below the surface of the earth.
 SUBSURFACE ZONES

 Vadose Zone (Zone of Aeration) –

above the water table in which soil pores
may either contain air or water
 Phreatic Zone (Zone of Saturation) –
below the water table where the pores
are filled with water.
WATER TABLE
 It is the “surface” of the subsurface materials that are saturated with groundwater
in a given vicinity.
AQUIFER

 an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock or unconsolidated

materials from which groundwater can be extracted using a water well.
 2 Types of Aquifer
 Unconfined Aquifer - are those into which
water seeps from the ground surface directly
above the aquifer.

 Confined Aquifer – are separated from the

ground surface by an impermeable layer and
are generally at greater depths than
unconfined aquifers.