What’s meant by a Healthy person?

Absence of disease?
According to World Health Organization
(WHO) :
“Health does not merely mean the absence of
diseases. A healthy person should be good in:
mental health
physical fitness

and social well-being.”

Physical fitness

Every systems and organs in the

body functions normally
Mental health

With a
clear mind
Able to cope
with stress
 Social well-being

Keep good relationship with peoples.

Which of the following diets do you like
most?
All the above diets are made up of SEVEN types
of food substances.
1. Carbohydrates
They are
2. Fats necessary
3. Proteins for the
maintenance
4. Water of LIFE.
5. Vitamins
6. Minerals
7. Dietary Fibres
Carbohydrates ( 碳水化合物 )
 Carbohydrates ( 碳水化合物 )
Types:
1. Starch ( 澱粉
質 )
 Find in bread, rice, potato, cereals
Find in bread, rice, potato, cereals
 Insoluble in water
 Not sweet in taste
 Can be broken down into sugars
 Carbohydrates ( 碳水化合物 )
Types:
2. Sugars ( 糖類 )

 Find in fruits, sugar cane & milk

 Soluble in water
 Sweet in taste

Function: Main source of energy in body

Carbohydrates ( 碳水化合物 )
Test for Glucose: (Clinistix paper)

Pink Blue / Purple

Fats ( 脂肪 )
 Fats ( 脂肪 )
Food sources:
 Find in butter, milk cheese and meat
Function:
 form cell membrane

 act as source of energy (food

storage)
 Fats ( 脂肪 )
Test for Fats: Spot test

Permanent
translucent spot
Proteins ( 蛋白質 )
 Proteins ( 蛋白質 )
They are built from small unit: amino acids
Food sources:
 Find in fish, chicken, meat, cheese
and soya beans
Function:
 form new cells
 for growth and repair of body cells
 act as source of energy
 Proteins ( 蛋白質 )
Test for Proteins: (Albustix paper)

Yellow Green
 Water ( 水 )
Water is essential to life.
Water makes up about
65% of the body weight in
man.
Functions:
 take part in all
biochemical reactions
 acts as a part of blood
This child has poor

WHY?
bone growth!
His gum is bleeding!
They are lacking of ………………………

Vitamins &
Minerals
 Vitamins ( 維生素 ) and Minerals
( 礦物質 )

They have NO energy value.

They are essential in very small amounts for

maintaining good health.

If there is an insufficient supply of them, we

will suffer from deficiency diseases.
 Vitamin
Vitamin A
A
 Find in liver, cod
liver oil, carrot, fresh
green vegetable and Milk
milk

 Deficiency disease:
Night
blindness
 Vitamin
Vitamin C
C
 Find in fresh fruits
and vegetables

 Deficiency disease:

Scurvy
 Vitamin
Vitamin D
D
 Find in milk, cod liver
oil and egg yolk
 Skin can produce it
by absorbing UV light

 Deficiency disease:

Rickets
 Calcium
Calcium ((鈣
鈣 ))

 Find in milk,
cheese and green
vegetables
Milk
 Deficiency
disease:
Rickets
 Iron
Iron ((鐵
鐵 ))
 Find in liver, beef
and green vegetables

 Deficiency
disease:
Anaemia
 Dietary fibres ( 食用纖維 )
Food sources:
 Find in oat bread, cereals, fruits
and vegetables
Functions:
 gives bulk to the food and stimulates
peristalsis of gut
 prevent constipation
 Balanced diet ( 均衡膳食 )
A diet containing the right amounts of all the
food substances.
A balanced diet should contain:
 carbohydrates and fats to provide
energy
 proteins for growth and repair
 vitamins, minerals, water and dietary
fibres to maintain health
 Balanced diet ( 均衡膳食 )

Different kinds of people will have different

balanced diets.
It depends on his/her……occupation!
 Balanced diet ( 均衡膳食 )
and … age, sex and physiological state!
Balanced diet ( 均衡膳食 )
Balanced diet ( 均衡膳食 )
 Balanced diet ( 均衡膳食 )
Obesity ( 癡肥 ):
 energy intake > energy needs
excess energy will be stored in our body as
fats
 body weight > normal = overweight
 serious case of overweight is obesity
 Overweight people have higher risk of
high blood pressure and heart disease
 Balanced diet ( 均衡膳食 )
Anorexia ( 厭食症 ):
 Balanced diet ( 均衡膳食 )
Anorexia ( 厭食症 ):
 energy intake < energy needs
energy stored in body used up and people
suffer malnutrition
 anorexia is a mental illness
 it often begins with slimming
 Balanced diet ( 均衡膳食 )
Anorexia ( 厭食症 ):
 Balanced diet ( 均衡膳食 )
Food Pyramid ( 食物金字塔 ):

Eat less Fats, salt & sweet

Eat moderately Meat, fish & milk

Eat more Vegetables &

fruit

Eat most Cereals,

bread, rice