Dept.

of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Project Tittle
Solar Charge and Load Management System
Presented by-
Name ID No. Dept.
Md Abul Hasan Tarek 171143156 EEE
Md Shojon Mia 171143078 EEE
Md Saydul Islam 171143050 EEE

Supervised by-
Mainul Haque
Lecturer
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Outline
1. Introduction
2. Equipment
3. Block diagram
4. Flow Chart
5. Circuit diagram
6. Proposed Project
7. Applications
8. Advantage
9. Future work
10. Conclusion

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 Introduction
• It's important to use the solar system.
• solar energy is the most potential source for all tropical countries Protection
against fault in power systems (PS) is very essential and vital for reliable
performance.
• Out of certain renewable energy options, solar energy is the most potential
source for all tropical countries.
• Transformation of solar energy to power energy or electrical energy has wide
utilization.

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Equipment
1. Arduino Nano 1. Relay (Single Channel 5 Volt)
2. Solar Panel 2. Transistor
3. Voltage Regulator IC 3. Variable Resistor
(LM317) 4. Motor as Load
4. Battery 5. Resistor
5. 7 Segment Display
6. Opto-Cupler (PC817)

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Equipment

Microcontroller                        Atmel ATmega328

Operating Voltage (logic level)  5 V
Input Voltage (recommended)  7-12 V
Input Voltage (limits)               6-20 V
Digital I/O Pins                        14
Analog Input Pins                    8
DC Current per I/O Pin            40 mA
Flash Memory                          32 KB (of which 2KB
SRAM                                     2 KB
EEPROM                                 1 KB
Clock Speed                           16 MHz

Figure: Arduino Nano

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Equipment

• Maximum Power 3W
• Voltage at maximum power 9V
• Current at maximum power 0.33A
• Open Circuit Voltage 10.8V
• Short Circuit Current 0.366A
• Power Tolerance 3%

Figure: Solar Panel

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Equipment

• Adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage

regulator
• Output voltage 1.25 to 37V
• Output current is 1.5A
• Maximum input to output voltage difference
is 40V, recommended 15V

Figure: LM317

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Equipment

• Nominal Voltage 6V
• Max Charge Current 1.5A
• Capacity 5AH
• Lifespan(calendar) 10 to 12 years
• Lifespan(cycle) up to 500 cycles

Figure: Battery
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Equipment

• Available in two modes Common Cathode

(CC) and Common Anode (CA)
• Low current operation
• Better, brighter and larger display than
conventional LCD displays.
• Current consumption : 30mA / segment
• Peak current : 70mA

Figure: 2 bit 7 segment display

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Equipment
• Input Diode Forward Voltage
1.25V
• Collector-Emitter Voltage
80V(max)
• Collector Current 50mA (max)
• Cut-off frequency 80 KHz
• Rise Time 18us
• Fall Time 18us

Figure: Opto-cupler (PC817)

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Equipment

Figure: Transistor
Figure: Relay

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 Block Diagram

Figure: Block Diagram of Solar Charge and Load Management System

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Flow Start

Chart
Check Load Current & Battery Voltage
Load line Open

Solar line Close T Vb<=6.49V

F Load line Open

Vb>=6.9V T

Load line Close Load line Close

Check battery F
voltage T

T Load
F
Solar line Open Vb>=6.9V current
>=0.2A
Solar line Close F
Figure: Flow Chart of Solar Charge and Load Management System
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 Circuit Diagram

Figure: Circuit Diagram of Solar Charge and Load Management System

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Proposed Project

Figure: Practical Implementation of Solar Charge and Load Management System

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Applications
• Street light use photovoltaic cells to convert sunlight into DC electric
charge. This system uses a solar charge controller to store DC in the
batteries and uses it in many areas.
• Home systems use a PV module for house-hold applications.
• A hybrid solar system uses for multiple energy sources for providing
full-time backup supply to other sources.

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Advantage
• It can take variable panel voltage.
• Its efficiency is better than then conventional one as it reduces wire
loss.
• It is suitable for micro-grid.
• No panel short circuit occurs here.
• It is possible to add MPPT with our system.

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Future work
• Button can be arranged to set the voltage and current level in the
future.
• In future can be added MPPT control system.
• It can be connect with grid system.
• More seven segment can be use to show current level of load.
• Can be use GSM system to operate by SMS.

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Conclusion
In this paper, a solar power charge controller and load management system has been
discussed effectively. i.e. how rechargeable battery is used to store energy with the help of solar
energy through a solar panel and how it can be used in order to supply power when 31 there is no
sun. it also includes protection methods for the battery in order to curb problems like overcharging,
deep discharge or under voltage which harm the life of a battery. The proposed system used solar
PV module as an input and DC load motor as output. Further the project can be enhanced by using
MPPT and GSM modem to communicate the status of the system to a control room via SMS. This
system can also be upgraded to control normal UPS when connected with the solar charger will
convert to SOLAR INVERTER/UPS with solar charge load management as priority.

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Thank you
Any Question?