AN OVERVIEW

OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN
ORGANIZATION
Aldrin A. Domingo
Student

MAGDALENA D. BAUTISTA Ed.D

Professor
Why Study Organizational Behavior
• Uniquely useful for succeeding as a
leader/manager of a large business or other
organization
• Teaches you what makes people make
decisions, why employees are not motivated to
do what you want them to do and why people
are productive or not productive
• Tells how to run the business effectively and
efficiently
 Why Organizational Behavior Matters

• It matters because it is all about things YOU

CARE ABOUT
-OB help you to become more engaged
organizational member, getting along with
others, getting a great job, lowering your stress
level, making more effective decisions and
working effectively within a team.
 Why Organizational Behavior Matters
• It matters because EMPLOYERS CARE about OB.
– NACE asked employers which skills are the most
important for them when evaluating job
candidates.(July 6,2008)
• Top five personal qualities/skills
– 1. Communication skills (verbal and written)
– 2. Honesty/Integrity
– 3. Interpersonal Skills (relates well to others)
– 4. Motivation/Initiative
– 5. Strong work ethics
 Why Organizational Behavior Matters

• Finally, it matters because ORGANIZATIONS

CARE about OB.
– The best companies in the world understand that
the people make the place-the organizations that
value their employees are more profitable than
those that do not.-putting people first for a
organizational success.
• Such as, providing employment security, engaging in
selective hiring, paying well, utilizing self-managed
teams, training employees, sharing information,.etc..
 Goals of Organizational Behavior
• To explain/understand behavior
– OB needs to systematically describe how people
behave under a variety of conditions, and
understand why people behave as they do.

– To Predict behavior; and

– To Control behavior
 HUMAN BEHAVIOR
Refers to the physical actions of a person that
can be seen or heard

It is exhibited with thoughts, feelings or

emotions, and sentiments or attitudes
 Factors Influencing Human Behavior

• Abilities:
• Gender
• Race and culture
• Attribution
• Perception
• Attitude
 Abilities
• traits learns from the environment and gifted with
by birth
– Intellectual abilities- a persons intelligence, verbal and
analytical reasoning abilities. Memory as well as verbal
comprehension
– Physical abilities- Physical strength, stamina, body
coordination as well as motor skills
– Self-awareness abilities- symbolizes how a person feels
about the task, while a managers perception of his
abilities decides the kind of work that need to be alloted
to an individual
 Gender
• Society still emphasizes differences between
the two gender:
– Example: women are considered to be the primary
caregiver for children as such causes, late or
absenteeism.
 Race and Culture
• Involve traits, ideas, customs and traditions
one follows either as a person or in a group
– Example: celebrating festivals, religious belief
 Perception
• It is the process of interpreting something that
we see or hear in our mind and use it later to
judge and give a verdict on a situation, person,
group, etc.
 Attribution
• The course of observing behavior followed by
determining its cause based on individuals
personality or situation.
 Attitude
• Is the abstract learnt reaction or say response
of a persons entire cognitive process over a
time span.
 Organization
• A consciously coordinated social unit,
composed of two or more people, that
functions on a relatively continuous basis to
achieve a common goal or set of goals.
 Organizational behavior
• Is the study of human behavior in
organizational settings, how human behavior
interacts with the organization and the
organization itself.
• Three areas: individual, group and
organization
Nature of Organizational Behavior

Environment

Organization

Group

Individual
 Organizational Behavior
• Is the field of study that investigates the
impact that individuals, groups and structure
have on behavior within organizations, for the
purpose of applying such knowledge towards
improving within organization’s effectiveness.
BENEFITS OF STUDYING
ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOR
 DEVELOPMENT OF PEOPLE SKILLS
Two types of skills that a person will need to
succeed in his chosen career:
1. The skill in doing his work; and
2. The skill in relating with people
 “A person who is much adept in the
performance of his work may be successful up
to a certain extent, but he will require anther
skill another skill to make other people believe
that he should be more successful than his
current achievement.”
 PERSONAL GROWTH
• It makes a person highly competitive in the
workplace
• A person who strives to know himself better is
entering the realm of intrapersonal
intelligence.
 ENHANCEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND
INDIVIDUAL EFFECTIVENESS
“ Effectiveness is a major attribute of successful
organization, as well as individuals. When the
right decisions are made, effectiveness follows”
 SHARPENING AND REFINEMENT OF
COMMON SENSE
People differ in the degree of common sense
they possess.
 HISTORY OF
ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOR
 THE HUMAN RELATIONS APPROACH

A. The scientific Management Approach

-BY: Frederick W. Taylor
B. The Human Relations Approach
-BY: Elton Mayo
 FREDERICK W. TAYLOR
• The father of Scientific Management
• He used scientific analysis and experiment to
increase worker output
• Taylor did it by regarding individuals as
equivalent of machine parts and assigned
them specific repetitive tasks.
 ELTON MAYO
• Hawthrone studies in 1920
• Determine what effect hours or work, periods
of rest and lightning might have on worker
fatigue and productivity.
• Mayo concluded that social interaction is a
factor for increased productivity.
 THE PERSONALITY THEORIES
A. Freud’s Model
-BY: Sigmund Freud
B. The Behaviorist approach
-BY: John Broadus (J.B) Watson
C. The humanist approach
 SIGMUND FREUD
Freud believed that irrational motives make up
the hidden subconscious mind, WHICH
determines the major part of peoples behavior
 JOHN BROADUS (J.B) WATSON
• Formulated the theory of learned behavior.
• This theory indicates that a person can be
trained to behave according to the wish of the
trainer.
BURRHUS FREDERIC (B.F) SKINNER
• Theory of Behavior modification
• He concluded that when people receive a positive
stimulus like money o praise for what they have
done, they will tend to repeat their behavior.
WHEN they are ignored and receive no response
to the action, they will not be inclined to repeat it.
 CARL ROGERS
• Focused on the person as an individual instead
of adhering to a rigid methodology
• He believes that people should acquire their
own values and attitudes rather than be
committed to a fixed set of prescribed goals.
• The more self-directed and aware people are,
the better they are able to develop their own
individual values and adapt to a changing
environment
 FRITZ PERLS
• Gestalt psychology
• The person is seen as being plagued by numerous
split, or conflicting desires and needs, which
dissipate energy and interfere with that person’s
ability to achieve his potential.
• Its objective is to integrate conflicting needs into
an organized whole, in which all parts of a person
work together towards growth and development
 ABRAHAM MASLOW
• He referred to self-
actualization
• To achieve this objective,
the person must work his
way up to the succeeding
steps of a hierarchy of
needs
ETHICS
IS IT ALRIGHT FOR FIRM TO ASK ITS EMPLOYEE
TO OBTAIN CONFIDENTAL INFORMATION
THROUGH ESPOINAGE
REGARDING THE OPERATIONS OF A
COMPETITOR?
 IS IT OK FANTASIZE
ABOUT SOMEONE ELSE
WHEN IM WITH MY
PARTNER?
AM I OBLIGATED TO LEND
MONEY TO FRIENDS AND
FAMILY?
 WHAT IS ETHICS?

Ethics refers to the set of

moral choices a person
makes based on what he or
she ought to do.
 WHAT IS ORGANIZATION ETHICS?
• These are moral principles that define right or
wrong behavior in organization.
 WHAT IS ETHICAL BEHAVIOR?
• Ethical behavior refers to the behavior that is
accepted as morally “good” and “right” as
opposed to “bad” and “wrong”.
CONSTITUTES RIGHT AND WRONG BEHAVIOR
IN ORGANIZATION
• THE PUBLIC
• INTEREST GROUPS
• ORGANIZATIONS
• THE INDIVIDUALS PERSONAL MORALS AND
VALUES
 ETHICAL ISSUES
• CONFLICT OF INTEREST e.g. Purchasing Officer
• FAIRNESS AND HONESTY e.g. enforcer
• COMMUNICATION e.g. product offering
• RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN THE ORGANIZATION
– E.g. supervisors vs. employee credit of work
END