Technical English II

Mining operations

Susana Díaz Merino

Teacher of English
 Objectives
• To identify concepts related to types of
mineral.
• To review the mining cycle process.
• To develop exercises.
 Learning 1
• Minerals
• Drying
• Roasting

• Test April 22nd

 Mining
• Mining is the process of extracting mineral from the
earth´s crust, the land and the seas.
• There are two types of mining, underground and open pit.
 Stages in mining
• There are four stages to mining:
Prospecting: looking for mineral deposits.
Exploring: Evaluating the size, shape, location and economic
value of the deposit.
Developing: Preparing the acces to the deposit.
Exploiting : Extracting the minerals.
 Professionals

•Environmental engineer
•Geochemist
•Geologist
•Geophysicist
• Hydrogeologist
•Miner
•Mining engineer
•Safety engineer
•Mining operators
 Types of Minerals
• Metalliferous > minerals containing metal
• Nonmetalliferous> does not contain metal
• Ornamental stones> used for decorative purposes in
construction and monumental sculptures.
• Building stones> used in constructions
 Minerals

iron
copper gold
Lead

Tin zinc

manganese
Phosphate rock
Travertine
 Head frame

Drift
Cage

Dragline Shovel Drill

Dump truck Mining skip

Conveyor
 Read and answer
• Process of extracting mineral from the earth´s crust refers to
Mining
• Mention the types of mining
underground and open pit
• Minerals that cointain metals are
Metalliferous ores
• These types of minerals do not cointain metals
coal, bauxite
• Minerals used for decorative purposes

marble,
• Borax limestone
and coal are examples of
• Examples of metalliferous ores are
Nonmetalliferous ores
Copper, iron, lead
 Refresh your knowledge

Slurry
Mineral Crusher Crushing Mill

Water
Froth flotation
Final product
RAF ER copper cathod

Roasting Drying
Convertion Melting
 Drying
• Key words:
Drying
Dryer
Moisture
Vaporization
Heat air
Heat transfer
Rotary dryer
Screw conveyor dryer
 Definitions
• Drying process > transfer process, consisting of the removal of
water by evaporation from a particle.
• Dryer> machine to remove water from a particle by
evaporation.
• Moisture> is the presence of liquid, especially water into a
particle.
• Vaporization >transition from a liquid phase to
steam phase.
• Heating air> the action of making hot or
warm, the temperature of the air by an
electrical resistor.
• Heat transfer> thermic energy exchange from
one place to another.
• Rotary dryer> industrial dryer used to reduce the
liquid moisture content of the material by direct contact with
heat air.
•  It is a cylindrical tube, usually supported
by concrete columns.
• Screw conveyor dryer> this machine can remove water from
particles by a indirect contact, inside of a cylindrical shell.
*carcasa .
• This equipment consists of a gyratory screw that moves the
humid material inside the equipment allowing an efficient
drying.
 Dryers classification
Type of contact Type of process

Direct Indirect Continuos Batch

“Heat hair is in “Heat air is in “In this process “In this process the
direct contact contact with the the dryer never dryer stops to load
with the dryer.” cylindrical shell” stops of working and unload the
“ material“
 Look at the pictures
Drying process

Heat transfer

Vaporization Rotary dryer Screw Conveyor

dryer