BMS system

What is BMS system and its components

• A building management system (BMS) is a computer-based control system installed in
buildings that controls and monitors the building's mechanical and electrical equipment.

Components of BMS system

• Hardware- DDC-Direct digital controller. Sensors, Actuators, HMI,PC work station..

• Software-Programming or configuration tools, Graphics or User interface.

• Networking protocols- TCP/IP(Transfer control protocols/Internet Protocol),

BACnet(Building automation controller network-ASHRAE),Modbus
 What are benefits of using BMS system

• Controlling mechanical and electrical equipments.

• Monitor parameters and operation status

• Optimize operation for user comfort and energy saving

• Scheduling equipment operation

• Easier troubleshooting
Levels of BMS system
 Common field devices used for BMS
system
• Temperature sensor
• Pressure sensor
• Differential pressure sensor
• Differential pressure switch
• Humidity sensor
• Valve actuator
• Gas sensor
• Damper actuators
 Common protocols of BMS system

• Protocols are languages by which two devices communicate and

exchange data.

• Common networking protocols are TCP/IP(Transfer control

protocols/Internet Protocol), BACnet(Building automation controller
network-ASHRAE),Modbus, LONwork
 Key features of BMS system
• Graphic user interface (GUI): is a type of user interface through which users
interact with electronic devices via visual indicator representations of parameters.

• Alarm management: send alarm signal to external program window.

• Trend management: display of historic data trend based graph helps for system
prediction.

• Time scheduler: functionality control equipment based on time (after work and
holiday no occupancy scheduling).
Methods to connect devices in BMS system

• Wires connect all sensors and actuators with the DDC controller and
each other in sequence or ring which is called daisy chain.

• The field devices connected with each other and the DDC controller
by signal/control cable(hard wire) and DDC controller are connected
with the work station through communication cable(internet cable).
 Working of BMS system
BMS system controls HVAC equipments by connecting through network protocol to the
main workstation.

• Sensors and actuators are mounted on Cooling tower, Chiller, AHU, FCU, Fan, Vav box

• Sensors send data to the DDC controller that interprets the data and send to the user
interface at the work station controlling action is done and send action command
back.

• Then valve, damper and motor actuators and switches done action of start, stop or
set point on HVAC equipments.
BMS Design Aspects Basic data required before you start system
design:
• Input / Output summary for all subsystems, which need to either
monitor or control.
• Selection of appropriate field devices.
• All integration devices & respective point details which has to be
monitored.
• Signal & Communication cable route layout (at least tentative).
• Panel (Enclosure for controllers) location, BMS PC location.
Steps to follow for designing:-

• Select the suitable controllers required for the requirement.

• Select the enclosure to mount those controllers, which includes power

supply for controllers & other wirings for field device connection.

• signal & control cabling requirement for different field device selection
as per the requirement.
Cont.
• A typical AHU generally requires following field devices-Temperature
cum Humidity sensor (or only Temp) in return & supply duct.
Differential Pressure Switch (For Air) across the AHU Fan, Filter,
Actuators for AHU Line.
• A typical Chiller side will have following field devices-Immersion type
temperature sensor (for supply & return pipes), Butterfly Valve &
Actuator in each chiller supply, differential Pressure sensor across
main supply & return.
• A typical fan coil unit DDC controller have connection to the
thermostats, fan motor VFDs and valve actuators.
Leading manufacturers of BMS system