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Presented To
Prof. Muhammad Ashfaq
Ahmad
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Presented By
Muhammad Nafees Aslam
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INDORSEMENT
 What Is Indorsement
Classification Of Indorsement
Principles Of Indorsement
Forms Of Indorsement
Indorsement By Individual
Indorsement By Married Woman
Indorsement By Illiterate Person
Indorsement By Agent Of Individual
Indorsement By Joint Payee
 z WHAT IS
INDORSEMENT
Definition Under Section 15 of
Negotiable Instrument act 1881
 when the maker or holder of a negotiable instrument signs
the same, otherwise than as such maker, for the purpose
of negotiation, on the back or face thereof or on a slip of
paper ..... annexed thereto, or so signs for the same purpose
a stamped paper intended to be completed as
a negotiable instrument ..... , he is said to endorse the
same, and is called the 'endorser'.
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CLASSIFICATION
OF INDORSEMENT
 In Blank or In full

Use of Name of Endorsee

 Restrictive Indorsement

Use of the Word Only

 CLASSIFICATION OF
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INDORSEMENT
 Partial Indorsement

Acceptable under agreement only

Not acceptable for cheque

 Conditional Indorsement

 Sans Recourse Indorsement

Use of word “sans recourse or without recourse”

 PRINCIPLES OF
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INDORSEMENT
 Use of same spellings of name

 Use of ink

 Non-acceptance of Stamp or facsimile signature

 Printed Indorsement in not acceptable

 Use of understandable language

 Serial order in not essential

 FORMS OF
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INDORSEMENT
Indorsement By Individual

Indorsement By Married Woman

Indorsement By Illiterate Person

Indorsement By Agent Of Individual

Indorsement By Joint Payee

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INDORSEMENT BY
INDIVIDUAL
 Use of exact name

Payee: M.Qaseem

Regular: M.Qaseem (M.Qasim)

Irregular: M.Qasim
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INDORSEMENT BY
INDIVIDUAL
 No Use of abbreviation

Payee: M.Q.Khokhar

Regular: M.Qasim khokhar

Irregular: M.Q.Khokhar

Muhammad Q. Khokhar
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INDORSEMENT BY
INDIVIDUAL
 Complimentary prefixes

Payee: Mr. Hussnain

Regular: Hussnain (Muhammad Hussnain)

Irregular: Muhammad Hussnain Sahib

Mr. Hussnain
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INDORSEMENT BY
INDIVIDUAL
 Words describing title or profession

Payee: Sir Ashfaq Ahmad

Regular: Ashfaq Ahmad (Ph. D)

Irregular: Prof. Dr. Ashfaq Ahmad

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INDORSEMENT BY
INDIVIDUAL
 Indorsement by maiden or spinster

Payee: Miss Ayesha

Regular: Ayesha Khalid

Ayesha d/o Muhammad Khalid

Irregular: Miss Ayesha or Ayesha

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INDORSEMENT BY
MARRIED WOMEN
 Use of word Mrs.

Payee: Mrs. Ayesha noor

Regular: Ayesha noor wife of Muhammad Rafique butt

Irregular: Mrs. Ayesha butt

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INDORSEMENT BY
MARRIED WOMEN
 Described by her husband name

Payee: Mrs. Amir

Regular: Ayesha noor wife of Muhammad Amir

Irregular: Mrs. Amir Shah

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INDORSEMENT BY
MARRIED WOMEN
 Described by her my maiden name

Payee: Miss Ariba Mehmood

Regular: Ariba Amir Nee Mehmood

Irregular: Mrs. Ariba Amir

Ariba Mehmood
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ILLETIRATE PERSON
 Left thumb impression and a witness with full address

Payee: Muhammad Ahsan

Regular: (Ahsan’s thumb impression)

Witness: Muhammad Razzak

120, Ahmad Street, Harbanspura Lahore.

Irregular: (Ahsan’s thumb impression)

Witness: Muhammad Razzak

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AGENT
 Must specify signing on behalf of the payee under proper
authority

Payee: Muhammad Rukhsar

Regular: Muhammad Rukhsar

by Abdul rehman (his) attorney

Irregular: Muhammad Rukhsar

Abdul Rehman attorney

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AGENT

 Use of usual signature not initial

Payee: Muhammad Rukhsar

Regular: Abdul Rehman for & on the behalf of Muhammad

Rukhsar

Irregular: A. Rehman for &on the behalf of Muhammad

Rukhsar
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AGENT
 A firm can sign on the behalf of an individual as agent

Payee: Muhammad Shahbaz

Regular: for and on the behalf of Muhammad Shahbaz

Nafees & company

Irregular: Muhammad Shahbaz

Nafees & company

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JOINT PAYEE
 When an instrument is payable to two or more person all
persons should sign or one person for all under authority
Payee: Muhammad Qasim and Nafees Aslam
Regular: Muhammad Qasim Muhammad Qasim
Nafees Aslam for self & Nafees Aslam
Irregular: Muhammad Qasim Muhammad Qasim for
Nafees Aslam self & Nafees Aslam
(in same handwriting) (in single line)
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JOINT PAYEE
 When an instrument is payable to two or more person but
only one name is specified then the specified person should
sign
Payee: Muhammad Qasim & another
Regular: for self and another
Muhammad Qasim
Irregular: Muhammad Qasim
Nafees Aslam
(in same or different handwriting)
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JOINT PAYEE

 When an instrument is payable to two or more person and

one person is dead
Payee: Muhammad Qasim & Nafees Aslam
Regular: Muhammad Qasim
(if Nafees Aslam is dead qasim can sign on production
of satisfactory evidence of the nafees’s death)
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