Objectives:

• Define AIDS or HIV;

• Determine the signs and symptoms of
AIDS or HIV;
• Identify the transmissions, treatment,
and prevention of AIDS or HIV ; and
• R.A. 8504
 Facts about AIDS
(PLWHA) 1,336 recorded
causes alarm Thailand and cases (1984-
*loss of jobs, Cambodia 2000)
medical cost, have higher *442 had AIDS
ostracized in rates of *203 deaths
the infection
communities 40,000
people are
40,000
estimated to
people
have HIV
estimated
to have HIV
(2000)
Source: Primer for Community Leaders on AIDS
Prevention and Control by the Philippine National AIS
Council, 2000
 Facts about AIDS
According to PH DOH 7,363 HIV
cases have been recorded in the
first eight months of 2017,
including 891 AIDS cases and 334
deaths.

Source: The RINJ Foundation [CA]

 Facts about AIDS
Purportedly there are 46,985 HIV
cases recorded nationwide since
1984. The figure includes 4,556
AIDS cases and 2,303 deaths. 

Source: The RINJ Foundation [CA]

… is a severe disease caused
by the Human immunodeficiency
Virus that permanently
disables the body’s immune
system.
Acquired- not hereditary
Immune-body’s defense system
Deficiency-the defense system is not working
Syndrome- group of symptoms which lead to
disease
Signs and Symptoms
source: “AIDS: A Guide for Survival”

 Unexplained, persistent fatigue

Signs and Symptoms
 Unexplained fever, night sweats or
shaking chills that last for several
weeks or more
Signs and Symptoms
 Sudden and unexplained weight loss of
more than 10 pounds
Signs and Symptoms
 Diarrhea that continues for several
weeks
Signs and Symptoms
 A dry cough that will not go away
Signs and Symptoms
 Abnormal drowsiness
Signs and Symptoms
 Swollen glands or enlarged lymph
nodes in neck, armpits, or groin
Signs and Symptoms
 Bruising and bleeding that do not
heal
Transmission…
HIV can spread by having direct
contact with body fluids like semen,
vaginal secretions , blood and breast
milk.
Transmission…
• Sexual Contact
-(vaginal or anal) with an infected
person
-HIV can be passed during oral/genital
sex and possibly through oral/anal sex.
Transmission…
• Blood Contamination
-transfusion of contaminated blood or
blood products
-giving blood poses no risk to the
donor (sterile needle is used)
Transmission…
-most common method of infection by
blood is by sharing of needles during
intravenous drug
-tattoo needles, unsterile acupuncture
needles, sharing razors, or
toothbrushes
Transmission…
• Mother to Child
-possible infected mother to pass the
virus during breastfeeding
There is no risk in the ff.
activities…
 Touching
 “Dry” Kissing
 Embrassing
 Giving blood
 Other contact (toilet seats,
objects)
Treatment
Increasingly, medical authorities view the AIDS
as a disease with which victims may live for
many years. But AIDS is incurable. Making the
task of reaching AIDS more difficult, the virus
can lie inactive in the human body for as long
as 10 years without causing any symptoms. When
this occurs, a “carrier” of AIDS can infect
others with the disease (Medical and Health
Encyclopedia, 1990).
Prevention
• Practice Safer sex Safer sex includes
Note: Avoid sexual contact
hugging, kissing, and
that cause cuts or tears in
skin or tissue.
correct consistent
use of condom.
However birth
Any kind of sexual activity that control methods like
prevents an exchange body such pills, or intra-uterine
as blood, semen and vagina devices will not
secretions protect you from
HIV.
Treatment
• Avoid Drugs. Any drug abuse can lower
the capacity of the body immune
system. Intravenous drug users should
not share hypodermic needles.
Treatment
• Get periodic screening tests for HIV
and other sexually transmitted
diseases (STDs).
Treatment
• Do not donate blood or body organs if
you are HIV positive , or at high
risk for AIDS.
Treatment
• Avoid sharing razors, toothbrushes,
or other items that might cause cuts
or carry contaminated blood.
Treatment
• Health-care workers should follow
proper procedures in caring for
patients.
 RA 8504
“Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Act
of 1998
 disseminating policies and prescribing
measures for the prevention and control of
HIV/AIDS in the Philippines;
 instituting a nationwide HIV/AIDS
information and educational program;
 RA 8504
 establishing a comprehensive HIV/AIDS monitoring
system;
 guiding concerned sectors in caring for infected
people;
 strengthening the Philippine National AIDS
Council;
 other provisions (testing, screening, counseling,
and the Human Rights of persons with HIV/AIDS
 Testing, Screening, and
Counseling
 HIV Antibody Test- Positive/Negative
 HIV Antibody Test is anonymous and confidential.
 HIV Antibody maybe done at the DOH-accredited
hospitals, clinics, or laboratories
 All HIV Tests are confirmed by the Bureau of
Research Laboratory and the Research Institute
for Tropical Medicine
 Testing, Screening, and
Counseling
 Pretest counseling-introduction to the
procedure, basic information of HIV/AIDS
 Testing, Screening, and
Counseling
 Post-test counseling-release of the
results, discussion of the results, and
arrangement for community referral
 HIV testing is voluntary and can’t be done
without a written informed consent
 HIV testing cannot be required unless you
want to be a blood or an organ donor
 Testing, Screening, and
Counseling
 Health and support services for PLWHA
 Human Rights
 Confidentiality (RA 8504 requires that the
results…)
the person who was tested
the parent of a minor who was tested
the legal guardian of an insane person
or an orphan who was tested
 Human Rights
 Discriminatory acts and policies
RA has provisions against discriminatory acts.
 In the workplace-it’s against the law to fire
someone because of actual, perceived or
suspected HIV status
 acts of discrimination in the workplace should
be reported
 Human Rights
 In Educational Institution
Refuse admission to any prospective
student
Expel a student based on his/her
perceived HIV status
Deny him/her the benefits and services
that they give to other students
 Human Rights
 In Travel and Residence
… it is illegal to deny travel, lodging or
establishment of a home to any person with AIDS.
The law says that NO person can be quarantined,
placed in isolation or refused lawful entry into
or deported from the Philippines because of
his/her perceived HIV status.
 Human Rights
 In Public Service
A person with HIV can run for an elective
position or be appointed to public office
 Human Rights
 In credit and insurance services
… cannot be denied credit and loan services
and or health, accident, and life insurance
 Human Rights
 Health institutions
 must be given equal access to health
services
 Human Rights
 In availing of Decent Burial Services
… a person who was known, suspected or
perceived to be HIV positive should be given
the same kind of decent burial services,
provided that universal precautions for
infection control are observed in the
process.
Anyone found guilty of violating these
policies on discriminatory acts may be
imprisoned for 6 months to 4 years and fined
with not more than P10,000. If found guilty,
schools, hospitals and other institutions
shall have their licenses or permits revoked.