APPRECIATING

JAPANESE LITERATURE
 GROUP 3
Hadzen Solis
Anna Louisa M. Ocampo
Paul Gabriel Manahan
Keizer Lyle Bondoc
Friday Navarro
THE STORY OF THE AGED MOTHER
A JAPANESE FOLKTALE
 THE STORY OF THE AGED MOTHER
A JAPANESE FOLKTALE

• A mother is a symbol of love, selflessness, and wisdom.

• Shinano was governed by a despotic ruler.
• The entire province was given strict orders to
immediately put to death all aged people.
• Obatsuyama, the mountain of the “Abandoning of the
Aged.”
• Her son did not know the mountain’s many paths, and his
return might be one of danger, so she dropped a handful
of twigs every few steps.
 APPRECIATING JAPANESE
POETRY
• Tanka – A five-line poem.
The first and third lines have five syllables each and the
others seven, making a total of thirty-one syllables per poem.
 TANKA

O pine tree standing

At the side of the stone house,
When I look at you,
It is like seeing face to face
The men of old time.
- Hakutsu
 APPRECIATING JAPANESE
POETRY
• Haiku
A seventeen-syllable poem of three lines arranged in lines of
five, seven, and five syllables.

Main characteristics are its brevity and suggestiveness.

It consists of three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five

syllables.
 IDENTIFYING AND USING
PRONOUNS
• Pronoun
Substitutes for a noun that is called its antecedent.
a. Gender
Jennie’s mother loves her very much.
b. Number
Leon loved Mae; he did everything that Mae wanted.
 CLASSES OF PRONOUNS

• Personal Pronouns
Refer to the persons who speak are in the first person; those
that refer to the persons spoken to are in the second person; and
those that refer to the whole world of persons and things that
may be spoken about are in the third person.
 Singular First person Second person Third person

Subject I, we you He, she, it, they

Complement I, we you He, she, it, they

Object Me, us you Him, her, it, them

Possessive Mine, ours yours His, hers, its, theirs

Determiner My, our your His, her, its, their

Examples:
Subject:
Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise.
It is the only planet that rotates clockwise.
Complement:
Who is our aunt?
Who is she?
Direct Object:
We left the bag inside the cabinet.
We left it inside the cabinet.
Object of the preposition:
The cake was baked by mom.
The cake was baked by her.
Possession:
Leah’s speech is better than Leon’s speech.
Hers is better than his.
 USING ITS
Its (without the apostrophe) – Shows possession
It’s (with the apostrophe) – Contraction of it is

This is a freshly baked brownies.

Its taste is sweet.
It’s very is to make.
 REFLEXIVE AND INTENSIVE
PRONOUNS
• Add the word –self or –selves
Singular Plural
Myself Ourselves

Yourself Yourselves

Himself, herself, itself Themselves

 REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
• Denote actions that go back to the subject.
• Only used when the subject does the action to him/her/itself.
Examples:
Walking through the park, we enjoyed ourselves. (object of verb)

She was talking to herself. (object of preposition)

 INTENSIVE PRONOUNS
• Used to add emphasis.
Examples:
She herself did that drawing.

She did that drawing herself.

 INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
• Do not refer to a specific person, place, or thing.

Singular
Any Everyone Nobody Another
Anybody Everybody Nothing Neither (one)
Anyone Everything Someone
Anything No one Somebody
Each (one) Either (one) Something
 Plural
Both Many Others

Few Several
 INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
• Indefinite pronouns none, all, and some may either call
singular or plural verb depending on meaning.
• The verb that follows an indefinite pronoun must agree
with it in number.
 INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS
• Are used in forming questions; they always precede the verb.
• Who, what, which, whom, and whose
Examples:
Who wrote this poem?
What is the title of the story?
Which do you prefer to watch?
 RELATIVE PRONOUNS
• Introduce adjective clauses and relate them to their antecedents in
the main clause.
• Who, whom, whose, which, and that
Examples:
Basho, who is a master of the haiku, wrote hundreds of poem.

The Japanese poets, whose works have been imitated by Western

authors, write very short poems.