CHART SCALE ANDS AND

THEIR USE

Navigation
Presented by:
2/O Moses Reinier M. Macalinao
REMEMBER THIS?
REMEMBER THIS?
 REMEMBER THIS?
MV Wakashio
 Grounded off
Mauritius
 Spilled 1000 tons of
Bunker Oil
 Caused a major oil
spill
 REMEMBER THIS?
Causes

 Diversion from planned route

(allegedly for phone signal)

 Not having proper scale of charts

 Complacency of the Bridge team

Stcw competence

A/II-1 Plan and conduct a passage and determine

position
Knowledge, Understanding and Proficiency

Thorough knowledge of and ability to use

 nautical charts and
 publications
LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the class you should be able to:

 Identify and explain the nautical chart scales
 Analyze the chart scale to use in different legs of
the voyage
RECAP ON CHARTS
Recap about charts

A nautical chart is:

 Fundamental tool for a

navigator for planning and
monitoring
Recap about charts
depicts the configuration of the
A nautical chart: shoreline and seafloor
 water depths,
 locations of dangers to
navigation,
 locations and characteristics
of aids to navigation,
 anchorages, and
 other features
Chart scales ands and their use
CHART SCALES
ratio of a given
distance on the chart
to the actual distance
which it represents
on the earth.
1: 50,000

(inch/meters/feet)
SMALL SCALE CHART
LARGE SCALE CHART
 TRADITIONAL CHART SCALE
CLASSIFICATION
• Smaller than 1:600,000
• Generalized shoreline and
Sailing topography and nav aids
• only offshore soundings
Used for:
• proceeding on a long
voyage.
• planning
 TRADITIONAL CHART SCALE
CLASSIFICATION
• 1:150,000 to 1:600,000
Sailing • More detailed than sailing
chart
General

Used for
• coastwise navigation
outside of outlying reefs
and shoals
General Chart
 TRADITIONAL CHART SCALE
CLASSIFICATION
• 1:50,000 to 1:150,000
Sailing • inshore coastwise
navigation
General
Used in
Coastal • approaching / entering or
leaving bays and harbors
• navigating large inland
waterways
Coastal Chart
 TRADITIONAL CHART SCALE
CLASSIFICATION
• larger than 1:50,000
Sailing • Includes all navigational
aids in the vicinity
General
Coastal Used for
Harbor • navigation and anchorage
in harbors and small
waterways
Harbor Chart
Excercise
Identify the Chart Scale

Coastal Chart
Identify the Chart Scale

General Chart
Identify the Chart Scale

Sailing Chart
Identify the Chart Scale

Harbor Chart
Additional Scales for ECDIS
CHART SCALES FOR ECDIS
Overview
General
Coastal
Approach
Harbor
Berthing
CHARTS TO USE FOR NAVIGATION

As a rule of thumb:

A vessel must always use the largest available

scale charts in its area of navigation
CHARTS TO USE FOR NAVIGATION

Large scale
greater the detail
small error in laying down a position
Bearings are more accurate
usually amended first
For the Wakashio to be compliant he must have the
following scales of charts
For the Wakashio to be compliant he must have the
following scales of charts
Conclusion
Thank you