Guiding Principles in

the Selection and Use

of Instructional
Materials
 REFLECTION TASK
• Instruction:
Write an essay on “ What are the
instructional aids that are commonly
used by elementary school teachers?
By high school teachers? When can
each one be effectively utilized in the
classroom ? Why?
 Technological Instructional Media
• Instructional Media encompasses all
the materials and physical means an instructor
might use to implement instruction and facilitate
students' achievement of instructional objectives.
This may include computer labs,
classroom technology, Blackboard, and audio and
video conferencing.
• Examples include computer-based learning, online
learning via the World Wide
Web, instructional videos, or "just-in-time learning"
modules used in government or businesses.
 WHEN DO WE USE
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS?

•YOU USE INSTRUCTIONAL

MATERIALS WHEN YOU TEACH
SOMETHING. EX. BOOKS, CHARTS,
GRAPHS, PICTURES, WORKSHEETS,
AUDIO CDS/DVDS, VIDEOS
 INSTRUCTIONAL AID THEORY

This complex process is enhanced

by the use of appropriate
instructional aids that highlight and
emphasize the main points or
concepts
 INSTRUCTIONAL AID THEORY

• Theeffectiveness of the instructional

aid is critical for this process.
Carefully selected charts, graphs,
pictures, or other well-organized
visual aids are examples of items
that help the student understand, as
well as retain, essential information.
 INSTRUCTIONAL AID THEORY

• Ideally, instructional aids should be

designed to cover the key points and
concepts. In addition, the coverage
should be straightforward and factual
so it is easy for students to remember
and recall. Generally, instructional
aids that are relatively simple are best
suited for this purpose.
 REASONS FOR USE OF IMS

• 1. It helps the students remember

important information.
• 2. When properly used, they help
gain and hold the attention of
students.
 REASONS FOR USE OF IMS

• 3. Audioor visual aids can be very

useful in supporting a topic, and
the combination of both audio and
visual stimuli is particularly
effective since the two most
important senses are involved.
REASONS FOR USE OF IMS

• 4. Good instructional aids

also can help solve certain
language barrier problems.
Consider the continued
expansion of technical
terminology in everyday
usage.
REASONS FOR USE OF IMS

• 5. Another use for instructional

aids is to clarify the relationships
between material objects and
concepts. When relationships
are presented visually, they often
are much easier to understand.
 IMPORTANCE OF IMS
• To encourage your student in their lesson
and get their attention Improve the delivery
of instruction
• Creation of effective, meaningful lessons
helps students make sense of information
• Instructional Materials serve as the channel
between the teacher and the students in
delivering the instruction. For learners have
a clear view of what is being taught.
 PRINCIPLES OF SELECTION AND
USE OF INSTRUCTIONAL
MATERIALS
• All instructional materials are aids to instruction.
They do not replace the teacher.
• Choose the instructional material that best suits
your instructional objectives. Decide what you
want to accomplish and then employ the tools that
are most likely to achieve results.
• Do not let the media that is available to you
determine how or what you will teach.
 PRINCIPLES OF SELECTION AND USE OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

• If possible, use a variety of tools. Using videos,

computers, overheads and the chalkboard not
only keeps students’ interest but also responds
to the needs of those who receive information
in different ways.
• Check out your instructional materials before
class starts to be sure it is working properly.
Nothing is more frustrating to you or to your
students in the process of the instruction than
to find that the overhead projector, for instance,
does not work in the process of instruction.
 PRINCIPLES OF SELECTION AND USE OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

• For results, abide by the general utilization guide

on the use of media given below:
- Learn how to use the instructional material.
Before using it, make sure you know how to
manipulate it to obtain the desired product.
- Listen to the record or view the film ahead.
- Check the correct size and complete parts of
real objects, photographs or models to be
presented.
- Prepare introductory remarks, question or initial
comments you may need.
 PRINCIPLES OF SELECTION AND USE OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

- Provide a conducive environment;

arrange the chairs, tables and the equipment
and materials.
- Provide sufficient lightning and
ventilation.
- Explain the objective of the lesson.
- Stress what is to be watched or
listened to carefully.
 GUIDELINES FOR
INSTRUCTIONAL AIDS
• Support the lesson objective.
• Be student centered.
• Build on previous learning.
• Contain useful and meaningful content that is
consistent with sound principles of learning.
• Appeal to students
• Maintain student attention and interest.
• Encourage student participation, when appropriate.
GUIDELINES FOR INSTRUCTIONAL AIDS

• Lead students in the direction of the behavior or

learning outcomes specified in the learning
objective.
• Provide proper stimuli and reinforcement.
• Contain quality photos, graphs, and text as required
• Be checked prior to use for completeness and
technical accuracy
• Contain appropriate terminology for the student.
• Be properly sequenced.
• Be easy to understand. •Include appropriate safety
precautions.
 Types of Instructional Materials
Print Textbooks, pamphlets,
handouts, study guides,
manuals
Cassettes, microphone,
Audio
podcast

Charts, real objects,

Visual
photographs, transparencies

Slides, tapes, films,

Audiovisual filmstrips, television, video,
multimedia
Computers, graphing
Electronic Interactive
calculators, tablets
 TAKE HOME TASK
Answer the following questions:
1.What are the chief uses of instructional materials in
teaching?
2.What point of view should a teacher hold with
respect to the place and use of audiovisual aids in
the classroom? What factors in planning audiovisual
aids indicate the effective use of these aids? What
are the criteria for the teacher’s selection and use of
these materials?
3.What are the community resources which the
teacher can utilize in teaching? What are the
principles he should bear in mind when planning for
the use of community resources?
THANK YOU!!!