BASIC STEAM POWER

PLANT
By: Luthfi Ma’arif
26 February 2021
Power Plant Main Equipment

1. Boiler
2. Turbine
3. Generator
4. Auxilary
1. Boiler
 Boiler main function
The main function of boiler is to provide steam at the correct pressure and temperature for use in
the turbine
• Boiler clasification
1. Drum Type Natural Circulation
Controlled Circulation
2. Once Through Type Supercritical
Ultra Supercritical
Advance Ultra Supercritical
■ BPI Boiler Technology
• Develope the Ultra Supercritical Boiler technology

Central Java USC steam condition: Rankine cycle diagram

• Temperature:
Main steam : 570 oC
Reheat steam: 595 oC
• Pressure
Main steam : 255 Bar-g
Reheat steam: 43.6 Bar-g
■ Heat Transfer Method of Boiler
• Conduction is the transfer of energy from the more energetic particle of a substance to
the adjacent less energetic ones as a result of interaction between the particles
• Convection is the transfer energy between a solid surface and the adjacent liquid or gas
that is in motion
• Radiation is the energy emitted by matter in the form of electromagnetic wave
■ Combustion Air and Flue Gas System
• Function: to provide adequate supplies of air and fuel that are properly mixed for safe and
complete combustion in the furnance
■ Draft System
• PA Fan
• FD Fan
• ID Fan
■ Pulvurizer
• Function of pulvurizer is to grind, dry and classify the coal to the desired finness for
efficient combustion by the burner
■ Air Heater
• To heat combustion air before entering the boiler
■ Drag Chain Conveyor
• Used to transport bottom ash reject to the DCC open pit
■ Sootblower System
• A cleaning tool for tube in the boiler in the Heat Recovery Area, that is superheater,
economizer, reheater and air heater
■ Boiler Circulating Pump
• Circulating by pushing heated water through the boiler system and bringing cool water
back
2. Turbine
■ Main function of turbine is to change the heat energy within the steam to kinetic energy
and the mechanical energy in shaft turning form
■ Type of steam turbine
• Impulse Turbine
• Reaction Turbine
■ Turbine Extraction
• The extraction steam from the turbine nozzle to the various feed water heaters and
deaerator
• Improving the thermal efficeincy of power plant

■ Steam Turbine Gland Seal

• To prevent steam from coming out of the turbine from passing between the shaft and the
casing due to the pressure difference and also to prevent air from entering the turbine
3. Generator
■ Generator is a device to produce electrical energy from a mechanical energy source,
usually using electromagnetic induction. Mechanical energy used to rotate the
conductive wire coil in magnetic field
■ Generator Type
• Excitation system is a DC power supply in an electric generator as a magnetic field
generator
• Excitation system cam be divided into two types, Brush Excitation and Brushless
Excitation
■ Generator Components
• Stator is a stationary element consisting of the Stator Frame, Stator Core and Stator
windings
• Rotor is a rotating element, in the rotor there are magnetic poles with the turns of the wire
flowing by direct current
• Excitation system
4. Auxilarry Equipment
• Water and waste treatment
• Air compressor system
• Chlorination
• Flue Gas Desulphurization
■ Water treatment and waste water treatment
• Pre-treatment
• Desalination
• Demineralization
• Remineralization

■ Air compressor system

• A device that convert power into kinetic energy by compressing and pressurizing air
• Air dryer, the basic function is to remove moisture from the air
■ Hypochlorination Plant
• To prevent the deposition of marine organism in the cooling water system, by directly
electrolyzing sea water without using any chemical

■ Flue Gas Desulfurization

• Used to remove sulfurdioxide (SO2) from exhaust flue gases of fossil-fuel power plants,
and the emissions of other sulphur dioxide emitting processes