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  • LESSON 6 - Genetic Mutation

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    Mikela Delatore
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    This document discusses gene mutations, including how they can occur in sex cells and be passed onto offspring. Mutations can change the structure and function of proteins, and impact offspring. The document defines mutations as changes in genetic material, and explains that they can occur during somatic cell or germ cell division. It also outlines different types of chromosomal mutations like insertions, translocations, deletions, duplications, and inversions that can cause genetic disorders. Finally, it notes that mutations in germ cells may impact offspring phenotypes, while mutations in other body cells only affect the individual.

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    It is about science topic called genetic mutation

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    This document discusses gene mutations, including how they can occur in sex cells and be passed onto offspring. Mutations can change the structure and function of proteins, and impact offspring. The document defines mutations as changes in genetic material, and explains that they can occur during somatic cell or germ cell division. It also outlines different types of chromosomal mutations like insertions, translocations, deletions, duplications, and inversions that can cause genetic disorders. Finally, it notes that mutations in germ cells may impact offspring phenotypes, while mutations in other body cells only affect the individual.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    22 views45 pages

    LESSON 6 - Genetic Mutation

    Uploaded by

    Mikela Delatore
    This document discusses gene mutations, including how they can occur in sex cells and be passed onto offspring. Mutations can change the structure and function of proteins, and impact offspring. The document defines mutations as changes in genetic material, and explains that they can occur during somatic cell or germ cell division. It also outlines different types of chromosomal mutations like insertions, translocations, deletions, duplications, and inversions that can cause genetic disorders. Finally, it notes that mutations in germ cells may impact offspring phenotypes, while mutations in other body cells only affect the individual.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 45

    GENE MUTATION

    OBJECTIVES
    ⋄ Discuss mutations that occur in sex cells
    ⋄ Explain how mutations may cause changes in the structure
    and function of a protein
    ⋄ Explain the impact of mutation to the offspring

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    WHAT IS MUTATION?
    It is the change in genetic material.
    It can be a source of beneficial genetic variation or can have
    dangerous effects.

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    Mutations occur in sex cells
    How are genetic traits or characteristics passed on from parents to their child?

    What do you think can determine the combination of traits that are passed on?
    Somatic and Germinal Mutation
    • Mutation that occurs in
    somatic cells is called
    SOMATIC MUTATION

    • An alteration of the
    nucleotide sequence of the
    DNA that makes up a gene is
    called GERMINAL
    MUTATION
    CHROMOSOMAL MUTATIONS “
    ⋄ These are departures from what is normal or desirable set of
    chromosomes either for an individual or a species.

    ⋄ It also refers to changes in the number of sets of chromosomes


    (PLOIDY) and changes in the number of individual chromosomes
    (SOMY) and their appearance.

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    “
    TWO CHROMOSOME
    DISORDERS

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    KINDS OF CHROMOSOMAL MUTATIONS

    1. INSERTION
    ⋄ A genetic material added
    from another
    chromosome.

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    KINDS OF CHROMOSOMAL MUTATIONS

    2. TRANSLOCATION
    ⋄ This happens when part of
    a chromosome breaks off
    and is combined to
    another chromosome.

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    “
    SINGLE CHROMOSOME
    DISORDERS

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    KINDS OF CHROMOSOMAL MUTATIONS

    3. DELETION
    ⋄ This happens when there
    is loss of part of a
    chromosome.

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    KINDS OF CHROMOSOMAL MUTATIONS

    4. DUPLICATION
    ⋄ This happens if there are
    extra copies of a part of a
    chromosome.

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    KINDS OF CHROMOSOMAL MUTATIONS

    5. INVERSION
    ⋄ This happens when the
    direction of a part of a
    chromosome is reversed.

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    “

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    IMPACT OF MUTATION ON PHENOTYPE “
    ⋄ Mutations of the chromosomes directly affect the genes, which can
    cause human genetic disorders.

    ⋄ The gene can no longer do its tasks normally once it breaks up due
    to mutation.

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    WHAT ARE THE IMPACTS OF MUTATIONS ON OFFSPRING?

    ⋄ Mutation occurs in the body cells and germ cells.

    ⋄ Mutations in body cells damage only the organism


    ⋄ Mutations in the germ cells may be passed on to the offspring.

    ⋄ Sometimes, mutations may not affect phenotypes.

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