 The aim of this project is to design an automatic dam gate

controlling system using micro controller

The three reed switches correspond to normal level danger

level and over flow level respectively. When magnet arrives
the reed switch that is ON, it means that the corresponding
switch is connected and the corresponding level is intimated.

Direct contact of level probes with the content / liquid is

completely avoided in this project. Magnetic sensors / Reed
switches are used as level sensors. The level of the content is
monitored by the microcontroller and displayed on LCD. 
An embedded system is some combination of
computer hardware and software, with either fixed or
programmable capabilities, that is specifically
designed for a particular kind of application device.

Embedded systems do a very specific task, they

cannot be programmed to do different things.
Consumer appliances
Office Automations
Industrial automation
Medical electronics
Computer Networking
Telecommunications
Wireless technologies
Security
Microcontroller ATmega168/328
Operating Voltage 5V

Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V

Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V

Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
16 KB (ATmega168) or 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 2
Flash Memory
KB used by bootloader
SRAM 1 KB (ATmega168) or 2 KB (ATmega328)
EEPROM 512 bytes (ATmega168) or 1 KB (ATmega328)
Clock Speed 16 MHz
A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a thin, flat panel
used for electronically displaying information
such as text, images, and moving pictures.
Its uses include monitors for computers,
televisions, instrument panels, and other devices
ranging from aircraft cockpit displays, to every-
day consumer devices such as gaming devices,
clocks, watches, calculators, and telephones.
 Among its major features are its lightweight
construction, its portability, and its ability to be
produced in much larger screen sizes than are
practical for the construction of cathode ray tube
(CRT) display technology.
 A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet
to operate a switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating
principles are also used. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a
circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation between
control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be
controlled by one signal. The first relays were used in long distance
telegraph circuits, repeating the signal coming in from one circuit and re-
transmitting it to another. Relays were used extensively in telephone
exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations. A type of
relay that can handle the high power required to directly drive an electric
motor is called a contactor. Solid-state relays control power circuits with
no moving parts, instead using a semiconductor device to perform
switching. Relays with calibrated operating characteristics and sometimes
multiple operating coils are used to protect electrical circuits from
overload faults; in modern electric power systems these functions are
performed by digital instruments still called "protective relays".
 The Arduino Uno can be programmed with the Arduino software. Select
"Arduino Uno from the Tools > Board menu (according to the microcontroller
on your board).For details, see the reference and tutorials. The ATmega328 on
the Arduino Uno comes preburned with a boot loader that allows you to
upload new code to it without the use of an external hardware programmer. It
communicates using the original STK500 protocol (reference, C header
files).We can also bypass the boot loader and programs the microcontroller
through the ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) header; see these
instructions for details. The ATmega16U2 (or 8U2 in the rev1 and rev2 boards)
firmware source code is available. The ATmega16U2/8U2 is loaded with a DFU
boot loader, which can be activated by:
 On Rev1 boards: connecting the solder jumper on the back of the board (near
the map of Italy) and then resetting the 8U2.
 On Rev2 or later boards: there is a resistor that pulling the 8U2/16U2 HWB
line to ground, making it easier to put into DFU mode.
Fully Automatic

Time Saving

Power Saving
 In this project work, we have studied and implemented a
complete working model using a Microcontroller. The
programming and interfacing of microcontroller has been
mastered during the implementation. This work includes
the study of Automatic Dam Gate Control system with
Caution Alarm.
 The micro controller is used for controlling the water
levels without the aid of any manpower. LCD would
display the corresponding three levels when the
corresponding switch is connected.
.

The AUTOMATIC DAM GATE CONTROL SYSTEM

can be attached with some communication devices
like GSM modems or RF modules. So if the level of
the water in the dam increases automatic SMS will be
sent to the concern person to take necessary action.
