Cell Theory

María Camila Yañez Turizo

What is a cell?

Cells are the basic building

blocks of all living things.
 Fungi

e ll s
Protozoa

fC
so
Animal

e
Bacteria Archaea

Typ
Plant
Prokaryote Eukaryotic
Prokaryote

 The word prokaryotic cell comes from the Greek pro that
means “before” and Kyron that means “kernel” referring
to the concept nucleus.
 Characteristics:
 Cell wall
 Cell membrane
 Flagella
 Ribosomes
 Nucleoid
Eukaroyote

The concept of eukaryote cell comes from the greek

words “true” “karnel” meaning true nucleus.
Organells :
 Endoplasmic recticulum  Nucleus
 Ribosomes  Chloroplast
 Centrosomes
 Lysosomes  Vacules
 Golgi apparatus
 Mitochondira
Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
cells
Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells
◦ DNA free in the cytoplasm ◦ DNA encolsed on the nucleus
◦ No miochondria ◦ Mitchocondria presen
◦ Ribosomes
◦ Ribosomes
◦ Doesn’t need complementation form
organells ◦ It’s conformed by organells
◦ Their size is less han 10 ◦ Size more tan 10 micrometers
micrometers
◦ Can be unicelular organisms or
◦ Unicelular organisms
multicelular organisms
Postulates
of the cell
theory
1. All organisms are composed of one
or more cells
2. Cells are the smalle units of life
3. All cells come form pre- existing
cells  
Although there are
exeptions for these
posulates …
 Mitochondria & chloroplast
These two organells can be consider an exeption to the
cell because they contain genetic material and can
reproduce in a cell.
striated muscle cells
 These muscle cells have more than once nucleus per cell .
 Muscle cells fuse to form fibers that are very long (300mm).
 These are surrounded by one plasma membrane although they are multi nucleated
 This does not conform to the standard view of a small single nuclei within a cell
fungal hyphae
 Fungial hyphae have very large cells
 There are mutli- nucleated
 It has continuous cytoplasm
 Fungal Hyphae have cell walls composed of chitin
 Challenges the idea that a cell is a single unit
Giant algae
 This is a unicellular organism that has a
gigantic size of 5-100 mm.
 This organism is complex in form
 It challenges the idea that cell are the
smallest unit of life
  Although virus are not considered alive
Virus they only can “recrate” more of their
DNA or RNA in a host cell
 Virus are formed by a coat of proteins ,
nucleic acid and RNA or DNA.
 If virus can infect other viruses wouldn’t
that challenge the idea that cells are the
smallest unit of life?
 Bibliography
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[England]: Pearson Education.
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d-mitochondria
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