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OMF000405
Case Study -Congestion
ISSUE1.4 www.huawei.com
TCH congestion
Basic principle
Causes for high TCH congestion
Case study of TCH congestion
=(TCH seizure failures for call + TCH seizure failures for very
early assignment + TCH seizure failures for intra BSC incoming
cell handover (no radio resource) + TCH seizure failures for
inter BSC incoming cell handover (no radio resource) ) /
(Attempted TCH seizures (all) + Attempted TCH seizures for
very early assignment + Attempted TCH seizures for intra BSC
incoming cell handover + Attempted TCH seizures for inter
BSC incoming cell handover)
− When there is no resource for SDCCH allocation and very early assignment
is permitted
− When channel required is received and channel type is TCH
Attempted TCH seizures for intraBSC incoming cell handover
− 1. Traffic statistics
− 2. Alarm information
− 3. BTS remote maintenance on OMC
− 4. Abis interface message analysis
Check BTS on-site
In “TCH Measurement Function”, check the channels are all busy or not
Trace Abis interface message of the congested BTS, analyze Assignment CMD s
ent on SDCCH
− If the assignment always fails on a specific TRX board, the cause may be one
of the following:
▪ TRX board faulty or performance unstable.
▪ Uplink/downlink unbalance, hardware problem in uplink or downlink.
▪ Bad quality of uplink or downlink signal. Analyze TA value of MS to locate
interference.
− If the assignment fails on the boards of the whole cell randomly, analyze the
measurement reports. The causes may be the following:
▪ The topography in the cell coverage is quite complicated.
▪ There is interference in the whole cell, such as interference from repeater.
There is one BSC in the local network. From one day, TCH
congestion rate (excluding handover) of the whole network
increase to 4%, and most of cells are highly congested.
Case 1 analysis:
1.Analyze traffic statistics. The problem occurs after BSC data modifi
ed and reloaded. Maybe it is related to BSC reloading.
− Analyze traffic statistics and find that the highly congested cells ar
e all on module 1 of BSC, so the problem should related to modul
e 1.
− Check TCH seizure failures (requested terrestrial resource unavai
lable), It shows that unavailability of terrestrial resource is the mai
n cause of high congestion rate in module 1.
− The cause of terrestrial resources unavailability is mainly on Abis i
nterface or A interface. It is quite unlikely that Abis interface is faul
ty for many cells in module 1 at the same time. Therefore, the cau
se should be the hardware or data at A interface.
Case 1 Troubleshooting:
Case 1 conclusion:
Case 2 analysis:
Case 2 troubleshooting:
Case 2 conclusion:
Case 3 analysis:
Case 3 troubleshooting:
Case 3 conclusion:
In a S6/6/5 BTS, one cell has high congestion rate one day.
No adjustment has been performed in this period.
Case 4 analysis:
Trace Abis interface message of the BTS and analyze the signaling
and find that in process of TCH seizure failure, the uplink signal in
the measurement report from MS is good, after BSC sends
ASSIGNMENT CMD, the downlink channel can not be seized. So
the signal levels of uplink and downlink are not balanced, then ASSI
FAILURE message is appeared. It is also found that the failure
related to the last TRX board of the cell.
Block TRX board and congestion rate of the cell is less than 1%.
There is problem in TRX board of downlink hardware.
Check and find that the VSWR of TX antenna and feeder connected
with this TRX board is higher than 2.5. Process the antenna& feeder
VSWR alarm, problem solved.
Case 4 conclusion:
Case 5 analysis:
Block TRX of the last two newly added TRX on OMC and find that the co
ngestion rate is lowered to normal status. Perhaps, the problem is related
to newly added boards.
Analyze Abis interface signaling, the assignment failure occurs on the two
newly added TRXs. And SDCCH measurement report analysis shows tha
t the level on SDCCH is normal and TA value is large. However, there is
no measurement report on SACCH (TCH). Because sometimes the assig
nment of the two TRXs succeed, so it is impossible that these tow newly
added TRXs are both faulty.
Operator told that there is a repeater in the cell. When expansion, the rep
eater did not lock on the two newly added TRXs. Confirm and reconfigure
repeater, problem solved.
Case 5 conclusion:
Case 6 analysis:
Case 6 conclusion:
Case 7 analysis:
Case 7 conclusion:
SDCCH congestion
Basic principle
Causes for SDCCH congestion and solutions
Case study of SDCCH congestion
Case 1 analysis:
Case 1 conclusion:
Case 2 troubleshooting:
Check alarm and find there are LAPD link fault alarm and recovery
alarm (within one second). The alarms appear once per ten minutes.
Check the data and then interchange Abis link with another BTS which
is in the same configuration, the other site work normally. But problem
of this site persists. So data and BSC hardware have no problem.
Replace TMU and TRX board in the BTS and the problem persists.
Measure the transmission and self-loop BIE, then It is found that there
is high BER for transmission. Test the line section by section and find
that one 2M transmission board is faulty. Replace the board and the
problem is solved.
Case 2 conclusion:
Case 3 analysis:
Case 3 troubleshooting:
1. Observe BIE, there is BER indication for transmission. But there are
no abnormal indication in microwave and optical transceiver.
2. Check Abis interface signaling and find there are a large number of
PAGING_CMD messages, but only one RF_RESOURCE_INDICATION
message appears occasionally. There is no CHAN_ACTIV,
CHAN_ACTIV_ACK or IMMEDIATE_ASSIGN_COMMAND message. It
indicates that SDCCH channel is not activated.
3. Check data O&M log, no data modified within a few days.
4. Reload and activate BTS software, and find that system response is
slow even communication timeout. SDCCH is still congested after
software reloaded.
Case 3 troubleshooting:
5. Reset the primary combiner and initialize the 4 BTSs, SDCCH are
all seized and TCH can be seized successfully. Trace Abis interface
signaling, CHAN_ACTIV, CHAN_ACTIV_ACK or
IMMEDIATE_ASSIGN_COMMAND message appears. SDCCH is no
longer congested because MS can make a call successfully.
6. To avoid the same problem occurring again, it is suggested that
the operator remove the combiner for transmission timeslots
multiplexer.
Case 3 conclusion: