Urbanism in Asia

WUHAN, CHINA
G PAVAN KALAYAN - 1160100576
 INTRODUCTION

• Wuhan is the capital of Hubei Province in the People’s Republic of China.

• It is the largest city and nineth most populous city with the population of over 11
million and one of the nine National Central cities of China.
• The name "Wuhan" came from the city's historical origin from the
conglomeration of Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang, which are collectively Hankou

known as the "Three Towns of Wuhan" (hence the name "Wuhan", combining
"Wu" from the first city and "Han" from the other two).
 GEOGRAPHY & CLIMATE
• Wuhan lies at 30.5928° N, 114.3055° E
• Wuhan sits at the confluence of the Han river flowing into the Yangtze
river at the East of the Jianghan Plain along the Yangtze's middle
reaches.
• Yangtze river is the longest river in Asia and third longest river in the
world which origins in Quinghai and flows 6300 km to East China sea.
• Wuchang lies south east, Hankau lies north, Hanyang lies west of the
Yangtze River.
• It is simple in terrain—low and flat in the middle and hilly in the
south, with the Yangtze and Han rivers winding through the city.
• Wuhan's climate is humid subtropical with abundant rainfall in
summer and four distinctive seasons.
 GEOGRAPHY
• Wuhan occupies a land area of 8,494.41 square kilometers most of which
is alluvial plain and decorated with hills and a great number of lakes and
ponds.
• Water makes up one quarter of Wuhan's urban territory, which is the
highest percentage among major cities in China. 
• Wuhan has nearly 200 lakes, including the East lake and Tangxun lake,
which are the largest lakes entirely within a city in China.

TANGXUN LAKE EAST LAKE

 HISTORY
With a 3,500-year-long history, Wuhan is one of the most ancient and civilized metropolitan cities in China.

In early 18th century during the Qing dynasty, Hankau had From the middle of the 19th century until the middle of the 20th
In early 3rd century during the Han dynasty, Hanyang become one of the China's top four most important towns century, the city was a trading hub for teas and silks among other
became a fairly busy port. of trade. commodities, it directly impacted the lives of people in the West.

In the late 19th century, railroads were extended making In 1900, American magazine Collier's published an article On October 10, 1911, The Wuchang uprising and the eventual revolution
Wuhan an important transshipment point between rail and about the Yangtze "boom town" of Wuhan, calling it "the directly led to the downfall of the Qing dynasty the last imperial rule, and
river traffic. Chicago of China." the establishment of the ROC.
 HISTORY

In 1931 and 1936, there was a widespread flooding with The Battle of Wuhan, popularly known to the Chinese as On 18 December 1944,
high-water mark. the Defence of Wuhan, and to the Japanese as the Capture of Wuhan was bombed by 77 American bombers that set off a
Wuhan, was a battle of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1938. firestorm that destroyed much of the city.

The Chinese Civil War was a civil war in China fought

From June to September 1954, the Yangtze River The first river bridge is Wuhan Yangzte river bridge, the
between the Kuomintang (KMT) – led government of the
Floods were a series of catastrophic flooding that occurred construction was started in 1955 and was completed in 1957.
(ROC) and the Communist Party (CPC) lasting
mostly in Hubei Province.
intermittently between 1927 and 1949.
 HISTORY
In 1981, the Wuhan City Government commenced
reconstruction of the Yellow Crane Tower at a new location,
about 1 km (0.62 mi) from the original site, and it was
completed in 1985
2016 China floods in Wuhan
The city has been subject to devastating floods, which are
 In the 2010 China floods, the Han River at Wuhan
now supposed to be controlled by the ambitious Three experienced its worst flooding in twenty years.
Gorges Dam, a project which was completed in 2008.
The COVID-19 pandemic began in Wuhan in
November or December 2019. The city was placed
under lockdown in January 2020 to control the
spread of the disease.
URBAN SETTLEMENT

1864 1876

1912
 POPULATION, DEMOGRAPHICS & LITERACY RATES

• According to 2018 census, the population of this city was 1.11 crores.
• The illiteracy rate of Wuhan according to 2018 was 2.7%.
• 79.2 of the people follow Chinese religion or not religious including Taoists of 0.9%.
 GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
• Wuhan is a sub-provincial city.
• Municipal government is regulated by the local Communist Party of
China (CPC), led by the Wuhan CPC Secretary.
• Government officials include the mayor ( 市长 ), Zhou Xianwang
( 周先旺 ), and vice-mayors.
• Numerous bureaus focus on law, public security, and other affairs.
• Administrative divisions: The sub-provincial city of Wuhan currently
comprises 13 districts.

Zhou Xianwang
 LANGUAGE

• Wuhan natives speak a variety of Southwestern Mandarin Chinese referred to

as Wuhan dialect that differs slightly between the districts of Wuhan,
including Wuchang dialect in Wuchang District, Hankou dialect in the
Hankou districts, Hanyang dialect in Hanyang District, and Qingshan dialect
in Qingshan District.
 CULTURE & TRADITION

• Wuhan is the cradle of the regional Chu culture created by the people of Chu
Kingdom (1066B.C-223B.C),including bronze smelting technology, weaving
craft, embroidery, literature, fine arts and dancing.
• Chu Opera is a local drama in Hubei province.
• Its plays are mainly on folk stories and family lives and are performed in a
simple and humorous approach.
CULTURE & TRADITION

• Chime Music Dance: Nine Odes and Chu Songs are song and dance dramas
adapted from the poems of the Songs of Chu, with features of ancient Chu
Kingdom.
• It integrates poetry, song, music and dance and is accompanied by traditional
Chinese instruments.
• It reproduces the fantastic imagination and romance of Chu Kingdom art.
• The Song of Chu is a unique form of poetry created by Qu Yuan, a Chu poet
and it’s the first poetry collection.
DANCE AND MUSIC
FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS

East Lake Plum Blossom Festival:

Chinese New Year  is the Chinese festival that celebrates the
International Yangtze River Crossing Activity, Moshan Plum Blossom Garden in East lake,
beginning of a new year on the traditional Chinese calendar. The
which is held every year about 33.5 hectares,  is the first of four greatest
festival is commonly referred to as the Spring Festival
plum blossom gardens in China.
TRADITIONAL ATTIRE

Various styles of Hanfu is the traditional attire worn in China

 CUISINE

Hot and dry noodles Ducks neck or Ya Bozi Fried hongshan caitai Tangyuan

Soup dumpling or Xiaolongtangbao Bean skin or Doupi Salty doughnut or Mianwo

 ARTS AND CRAFTS

Han embroidery is unique because it combines the other Hubei Paper cutting is made with different tools such as The creation of dough figurines is a traditional Chinese
kneading art which uses flour and glutinous rice as
embroidery styles and is characterized by distinctive stitching. scissors or knives may be used for this type of art. materials.

Leaf painting, as the name implies, involves painting on The Wuhan silk flower is a famous specialty of Hubei. It has been
leaves. As a unique art form, it combines nature and art. produced and sold for many years and enjoys a high reputation.
 ARCHITECTURE – RIVER BRIDGES

Second Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge - Wuhan Erqi Yangtze River Bridge -
first cable - stayed bridge in the world world's longest double span cable-stayed bridge
Wuhan Qingshan Yangtze River Bridge -
Wuhan Yingwuzhou Yangtze River Bridge - double tower stayed-cable bridge
one of the longest suspension bridges in the world

Wuhan Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge -

a suspension bridge with the second largest span in the Wuhan Yangluo Yangtze River Bridge - Wuhan Tianxingzhou Yangtze River Bridge -
world the main span ranked eighth in the world largest main bridge span in the world

Wuhan Junshan Yangtze River Bridge - Wuhan Zhuankou Yangtze River Bridge - Baishazhou Yangtze River Bridge - Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge -
one of the largest cable-stayed bridges in the world  the widest bridge over Yangtze River ranked third with the largest span in the world first highway-railway bridge over the Yangtze River
ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE

The Yellow Crane Tower, historically one of the tallest buildings in Wuhan,

is considered one of the Four Great Towers of China and was destroyed
twelve times, both by warfare and by fire. 
ARCHITECTURESKYSCRAPERS

2
1
3

The Minsheng Bank Building,  Wuhan World Trade Tower is a

At 438 meters (1,437 ft) in 273-meter (896 foot) tall
the second tallest structure in
height, the Wuhan Center skyscraper, skyscraper located in Wuhan. It
Wuhan, was the tallest building
the tallest structure in Wuhan and in became the tallest building in
in Wuhan when it was
Central China, is the eighth tallest Wuhan after its completion in
completed in 2007. It retained
structure in China. 1998. However, it was surpassed
the title until Wuhan Center
surpassed it in 2014. by the Minsheng Bank Building
in 2007..
TOURISM

Hubei Provincial Museum Happy Valley Wuhan Wuhan Museum Wuying Pagoda

Luto Platform  Jiquing Street Chu River and Han Street

STADIUMS

Wuhan Sports Centre Wuhan Gymnasium

3
2
1

Hankou Culture and Sports Centre

ECONOMY

• Up until the 21st century, Wuhan was largely an agricultural region. Since 2004 it
has been a focal point of the Rise of Central China Plan.
• Since 1890, the steel industry has been the backbone of Wuhan's industry. 
• In 2010, automobile industry exceeded GDP for Wuhan Iron and Steel
Corporation (WISCO) steel for the first time.
• There are 5 car manufacturers, including Dongfeng Honda, Citroen, Shanghai GM,
DFM Passenger Vehicle and Dongfeng Renault.
• Dongfeng-Citroen Automobile Co., Ltd is headquartered in the city.
 ECONOMY

• As of 2016, Wuhan has attracted foreign investment from over 80 countries, with
5,973 foreign-invested enterprises established in the city with a total capital
injection of 22.45 billion USD. 
• Among these, about 50 French companies including Renault and PSA Group have
operations in the city, representing over one third of French investment in China,
and the highest level of French investment in any Chinese city.
ECONOMY

• Wuhan is an important center for economy, trade, finance, transportation,

information technology, and education in China.
• Its major industries include optic-electronic, new pharmaceutical sector, biology
engineering, new materials industry and environmental protection.
• Environmental sustainability is highlighted in Wuhan's list of emerging industries,
which include energy efficiency technology and renewable energy.

INSTIYUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 INDUSTRIAL ZONES

 Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Wuhan Donghu New Technology Development Zone is Wuhan Export Processing Zone was
Zone is a national level industrial zone incorporated in a national level high-tech development zone was established in 2000. It is located in
1993 in Changquighuayan. established in 1988 in South lake zone Changquighuayan.

 Wuhan Optical Valley Software Park is located in

Biolake is an industrial base established in 2008 in
Guanggu zone.
the Optics Valley of China in Guanggu zone.
 TRANSPORTATION – HIGHWAYS AND EXPRESSWAYS

Numerous major highways and expressways pass through Wuhan, including:

• China National Highway 107
• China National Highway 316
• China National Highway 318
• G42 Shanghai–Chengdu Expressway
• G0422 Wuhan–Shenzhen Expressway
TRANSPORTATION – BYCYCLE SHARING SYSTEM

As of May 2011, the Wuhan and Hangzhou Public Bicycle bike-share systems in China were the largest in the world, with around 60,000 bicycles respectively.
TRANSPORTATION – RAILWAYS AND AIRWAYS

Wuchang Railway station Wuhan Railway station, Hongshan District.

Hankou Railway Station Wuhan Tianhe International Airport

China Railway Wuhan Group manages the Wuhan Railway Hub. Wuhan Railway Hub is considered one of the four key railway hubs of China. 
The city of Wuhan is served by three major railway stations.
TRANSPORTATION – METRO RAIL AND RAILWAYS

Evolution of Wuhan Metro

TRANSPORTATION – OTHER MODES

TRAMS MARITIME TRANSPORT

FERRYS
 EDUCATION

• There are 35 higher educational institutions in Wuhan, making it a leading educational hub for China. Prominent institutions
include Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Wuhan University.
• As of the end of 2013, in Wuhan there were 1,024 kindergartens, 590 primary schools, 369 general high schools, 105 secondary
vocational and technical schools,80 colleges and universities and several international schools.

Huazhong University of Science and Wuhan Meiga Academy

Wuhan University
Technology 
 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Wuhan contains three national development zones and four scientific and technological development parks, as well as numerous
enterprise incubators, over 350 research institutes, 1470 high-tech enterprises, and over 400,000 experts and technicians.

Research in Institute of Virology The Institute for Advanced Studies at

Wuhan University
HEALTH FACILITIES

Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan University Stomatological Hospital

Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital Wuhan Union Hospital Leishenshan Hospital – built in 1 month to cure covid patients.
 MEDIA

• The headquarters of Hubei Television is located in Wuchang District. 

• Tortoise Mountain TV Tower is China's first self-developed TV tower, opened in 1986.
• The modern newspapers in Wuhan can be dated back to 1866, when Hankow Times, a
newspaper in English, was founded.
• Before 1949, more than 50 newspapers and magazines were published by foreigners in
Wuhan. Chao-wen Hsin-pao, founded by Ai Xiaomei in 1873, was the first Chinese
newspaper to appear in Hankou

English and Mandarin Newspapers The Institute for Advanced Studies at Wuhan
University
 FLORA AND FAUNA
Botanical Garden

Zoo

Wuhan zoo is a comprehensive zoology garden integrating animals’ transferred

Wuhan Botanical garden has a collection of more
feeding and breeding, protecting and studying, sheltering and rescuing, popular
than 4000 species of flora. WBG has a regular
science educating and animal performance. There are over 300 species of rare
program to educate and create awareness
animals in Wuhan Zoo, among which the giant panda, golden monkey, albino
about plant life and biodiversity amongst the
bear and red-crowned crane are the most worthwhile animals in the zoo.
general public.
 EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT

• This statistic depicts the number of workers in Wuhan

urban area in China as of December 2017, by
employment status.
• By the end of 2017, around 2.2 million people were
employed in state-owned enterprises in the urban area of
Wuhan.
• And around 2.28 million people were employed in
private enterprises and self employed individuals.
• 125,500 people registered as unemployed.

Reference-https://www.statista.com/statistics/870891/china-labor-force-and-employment-in-wuhan-by-employment-status/
 POVERTY AND SLUMS

31% OF POPULATION LIVES IN THE SLUMS

Reference- https://shared.ontariotechu.ca/shared/faculty-sites/sustainability-today/publications/compendium_entries/wuhan.pdf
 POLLUTION

Reference-https://www.numbeo.com/pollution/in/Wuhan
 CRIME RATE AND SAFETY

PERCENTAGES SHOWING LEVEL OF CRIME RATE AND

SAFETY

Reference-https://www.numbeo.com/crime/in/Wuhan
 POST PANDEMIC SITUATION

• The COVID-19 pandemic began in Wuhan in December 2019,  shaken the global economy and thrown daily life into
upheaval across the planet.
• The city was placed under lockdown in January 2020 to control the spread of the disease.
• As of May 25,2020 The province of Hubei, where Wuhan City is located, accounts for 68,135 of these cases.
• But as the epidemic has worsened, governments around the world have enacted a variety of stringent restrictions on their
citizens’ movements.

SCENARIO OF DURING AND POST LOCKDOWN

THANKYOU