Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CONSTRUCTIONS/COMPLEXES
ВИКОНАВ
БЄЛОУСОВ К.К.
The present and the past participles may sometimes present difficulties for
inexperienced translators when these verbals are used as part of the compound
verbal predicate or in participial (secondary predication) constructions.
The compound verbal predicate with the component present participle is usually
transformed in Ukrainian into the simple verbal predicate expressed by a
perfective verb:
He stopped, and took me up, and the light came tumbling down the steps on
me too. – Він зупинився й підхопив мене, а світло поповзло по східцях і
впало також на мене.
The secondary predication constructions with the present or past participle are
used with the verbs of physical and mental perception, as well as with the verb to
have.
Yesterday I had my hair cut.
Вчора я постригся (мене постригли).
THE PARTICIPIAL CONSTRUCTION THUS FORMED HAS THE FUNCTION OF THE COMPLEX OBJECT AND MAY BE
TRANSLATED IN DIFFERENT WAYS, THE CHOICE OF WHICH IS PREDETERMINED BY SOME FACTORS LIKE IN CASE
OF THE FUNCTIONALLY CORRESPONDING INFINITIVAL COMPLEXES. THE MAIN OF THEM ARE AS FOLLOWS:
1) With the help of the object 2) With the help of the adverbial subordinate
clauses of time, purpose, manner, etc., which
subordinate clause introduced by the
testifies to the existence of functional
conjunction що or by the adverbial discrepancies in the two languages at the level of
connectors як, коли: syntactic structure, function, and content:
..he heard her moving about the room. – ... I had seen him last September coming across the
він чув, як вона ходила по кімнаті. square towards the bar of the Continental... – Я бачив
його минулого року у вересні, коли він переходив
Не listened to his uncle майдан до бару в ресторані Континенталь...
talking to him...- Він слухав, як дядько І took pains not
вів розмову/розмовляв з ним. to send them (stones) tumbling down the slope - Я
докладав зусиль, щоб каміння не зірвалося з-під ніг
і не покотилося вниз.
EXAMPLES
Through the open door of her room, he saw her p
She saw him walking down the street.- ushing up her window. - Через відчинені двері
Вона бачила, як він йшов вулицею. своєї кімнати він бачив, як вона штовхає вікно.
They knew, he was leaving the party. - I had seen her three hours ago turning off the main
Вони знали, що він йде з вечірки. road. - Я бачив її три години тому, коли вона
Suddenly I saw the brush moving on the звертала з головної дороги.
opposite side of the ravine. - Раптом Я побачив, I watched them (Aleuts) landing on the bay. - Я
як з протилежного боку яру рухається чагарник. спостерігав, як вони (алеути) висаджуються в
бухту.
3) On rarer occasions a faithful translatio 4) With the help of the finite form of the
n of the objective with the present partic verb, i.e., with the help of the simple verbal
iple construction may be achieved either predicate:
with the help of an object subordinate cl
ause or with the help of a semantically e I can see you marrying after a drink too many.
quivalent substantival word-group: – Ти, бачу, як підіп’єш, то ще станеш
I heard someone weeping. – Я чув, як хтось женихатися тут.
плакав/чийсь плач.
Then I heard Paile whispering: «Thomas, Thomas.»
- Потім я почув Пайлів шепіт/як
Пайл шепнув: «Томасе, Томасе.»
Не found the prices declining in summer. - Він
помітив зниження цін/ що ціни знижуються
влітку.
EXAMPLES
On Wednesday morning Julia had her face massaged and her hair waved. - У середу вранці Юлії
масажували обличчя та завивали волосся.
He saw her arms raised as she fixed her hair before a mirror. - Він побачив її підняті руки, коли вона
поправляла волосся перед дзеркалом.
He saw her face contorted for a moment with the extremity of his feeling. - Він побачив, як її обличчя на
мить викривилося від крайності його почуттів.
!!!!! CARE SHOULD BE TAKEN AS NOT TO CONFUSE ATTRIBUTIVE CONSTRUCTIONS OF THE
V/I/V.NG PATTERN WITH THOSE OF THE V/I/VEN PATTERN. THE FORMER ARE TRANSLATED IN TWO WAYS: