ENVIRONMENTAL

CRIMES/ECONOMI
C CRIMES

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 GROUP 6

MEDINA, MICHAEL JAY S. LIM, MICHAEL

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FACURA, CHRISTIAN A. GACOSTA, MARIA ERIKA M.
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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Environmental Crimes 8

TABLE
Illegal loggingOF ELEMENTS
9-10

How to stop illegal logging 11

Illegal dumping 12-13

Ways to deter illegal dumping 14

Wildlife trade 15-16

Simple ways to prevent illegal 17

wildlife trade

IUU fishing 18-19

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Illegal fising 20

TABLE OF ELEMENTS
Unreported fishing 21

Unregulated fishing 22

Ways to prevent IUU fishing 23

Laws regarding environment in 24

the Philippines

Economic crimes 26

Tax evasion 27-28

Identity theft 29-31

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 TABLE OF ELEMENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Embezzlement 32-34

Wage theft 35-36

Laws regarding economic 37

crimes
Conclusion 38-39

Recommendation 40

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ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES
🔶 Can be broadly defined as a violation of
environmental laws that are put into place to
protect the environment. The crime includes
all illegal acts that directlty cause
environmental harm.

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ILLEGAL LOGGING

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◾ Is the harvest, transportation, purchase
or sale of timber in violation of laws. The
harvesting procedure itself may be illegal,
including using corrupt means to gain access
to forests; extraction without permission, or
from a protected area; the cutting down of
protected species; or the extraction of timber
in excess of agreed limits.

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HOW TO STOP ILLEGAL LOGGING

1) Clear cutting of forest must be banned

2) Raise awareness

3) Dont buy productions grown on deforested land

4) Increase surveillance of and patrols in protected

areas

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ILLEGAL DUMPING

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◾ Also called fly dumping or fly tipping.
◾ Is the dumping of waste illegally instead of
using an authorized method such as kerbside
collection or using an authorized rubbish
dump.

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WAYS TO DETER ILLEGAL DUMPING

1) Educate the public through the schools and

through community awareness groups about the
costs, chemical hazards and dangers incurred by
illegal dumping
2) Create safe, public-friendly waste disposal options
and advertise them

3) Follow through with clean up

4) Use illegal dumping cameras to catch the

perpetrators in the act.

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WILDLIFE TRADE

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◾ Refers to the commerce of products that are
derived from non-domesticated animals or
plants usually extracted from their natural
environment or raised under controlled
conditions. It can involve the trade of living or
dead individuals, tissues such as skins, bones
or meat, or other products.

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SIMPLE WAYS TO PREVENT ILLEGAL
WILDLIFE TRADE
1) Engage with the conservation community.

2) Reduce demand for illegal wildlife parts and

products by not purchasing products made from
these items
3) Commit to learning more about the risks to
wildlife and their habitats and reducing your
carbon footprint
4) Use the power of your network to inspire others
to act

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ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED AND
UNREGULATED (IUU) FISHING

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◾ Is a broad term that captures a wide variety
of fishing activity. IUU fishing is found in all
types and dimensions of fisheries; it occurs
both on the high seas and in areas within
national jurisdiction.

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ILLEGAL FISHING
◾ Conducted by national or foreign vessels in
waters under the jurisdiction of a state,
without the permission of that state, or in
contravention of its laws and regulations.

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UNREPORTED FISHING
◾ Is fishing that has been unreported or
misreported to the relevant national authority
or RFMO, in contravention of applicable laws
and regulations.

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UNREGULATED FISHING
◾ Generally refers to fishing by vessels
without nationality, vessels flying the flag of a
country not party to the RFMO governing
that fishing area or species on the high seas,
or harvesting in unregulated areas.

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WAYS TO PREVENT IUU FISHING
1) Raise awareness about fisheries crime and its
consequences.
2) Establish national environmental security task
forces to ensure cooperation on fisheries crime
within and across borders.
3) Increase surveillance to better police fisheries
crimes.
4) Conduct operations to suppress criminal
activity at sea and in port, to disrupt trafficking
routes, and to ensure that national laws and
policies are enforced.

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LAWS REGARDING ENVIRONMENT IN THE
PHILIPPINES
✔PD 705 - Revised forestry code of the Philippines
✔R.A. 9175 - Chain saw act of 2002
✔R.A 8485 - Animal welfare act of 1998 (as amended
by R.A. 10631)
✔PD 825 - Penalty for improper garbage disposal
✔R.A. 8550 - The Philippines fisheries code of 1998
✔R.A. 10654 - An act to prevent, deter and eliminate
illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing.

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ECONOMIC CRIMES
🔶 Referred to as commercial crimes and known also
as "White collar crimes".
🔶 Is a non violent crime committed for financial gain.
According to the FBI, key agency that investigates
these offenses, "these crimes are characterized by
deceit, concealment, violation of trust". The
motivation for these crimes is to obtain or avoid
losing money, property or services, or to secure a
personal or business advantage.
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TAX EVASION

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◾ Is the illegal evasion of taxes by dondes,
corporations, and trusts. Tax evasion often
entails taxpayers deliberately misrepresenting
the true state of their affairs to the tax
authorities to reduce their tax liability and
includes dishonest tax reporting, such as
declaring less income, profits or gains than
the amounts actually earned, overstating
deductions.

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IDENTITY THEFT

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◾ Is the deliberate use of someone else's
identity, usually as a method to gain a
financial advantage or obtain credit and other
benefits in the other person's name, and
perhaps to the person's disadvantage or loss.

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◾ Identity theft occurs when someone
uses another's personally identifying
information, like their name, identifying
number, or credit card number, without
their permission to commit fraud or other
crimes.

▶ The term identity theft was coined in

1964
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EMBEZZLEMENT

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◾ Is the act of withholding assets for the
purpose of conversion (theft) of such assets,
by one or more persons to whom the assets
were entrusted, either to be held or to be used
for specific purposes.

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 Embezzlement is a type of financial fraud. For
example:
▶ A lawyer might embezzle funds from the
trust accounts of their clients;
▶ A financial advisor might embezzle the
funds of investors; and
▶ A husband or a wife might embezzle funds
from a bank account jointly held with the
spouse.

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WAGE THEFT

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◾ Is the denial of wages or employee benefits rightfully
owed to an employee. It can be conducted by employers
in various ways, among them failing to pay overtime;
violating minimum-wage laws; the
misclassification of employees as independent
contractors, illegal deductions in pay; forcing
employees to work "off rhe clock", not paying
annual leave or holiday entitlements, or simply not
paying an employee at all.

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LAWS REGARDING
ECONOMIC CRIMES
✔R.A. 10175 - Cyber crime prevention act of 2012
✔R.A. 7642 - (Increasing the penalties for tax
evasion)
✔PD 442 - Labor code of the Philippines
✔Article 315 - Swindling (estafa) Revised Penal
Code

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CONCLUSION
◾ Environmental crimes, these are the crimes that
need special attention and should not be
disregarded. There are many simple ways to help and
prevent these illegal acts that can start within
ourselves. Hence, if all of us did not do immediate
actions, we would suffer destructive calamitous
events in the near future.
Responding to these crimes, there are laws that have
been enforcing by our law enforcers punishing these
vicious acts.
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◾ White collar crimes is non-violent wrongdoings
which the primary goal is monetary gain. They say,
those who are wearing suit and tie might be the
corrupt ones. We cannot deny it is a fact especially in
our government.
These crimes are largely evolved from few years as
technology keeps on improving. They are few to be
committed in large organization that cover a large
number of activities. So we can say that these crimes
are common to trade, commerce, education, health
etc.

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RECOMMENDATION
◾ Starts with yourself by promoting r3 method
(reuse,reduce,recycle)
◾ Have a participation with Local Government Unit by
reporting illegal activities happening around you.
◾ Educate everyone by creating a poster containing adverse
effects of environmental crimes.
◾ Track down internet activities (white collar crimes often
involve the internet. Make sure you installed monitoring
system).
◾ Build camaraderie (treat your employees rightfully as they
treat you likewise).

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THE END

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