Introduction To The Horticulture Industry

Introduction to the
Horticulture Industry
What is Horticulture?
• Horticulture is the culture

of plants for food, comfort,
and beautification
• In Latin, horticulture means

“garden culture.”
• The field of science that

deals with the cultivation of
horticultural plants is known
as horticulture science.
What is Horticulture?
• Botany is the study of

plants and their processes.
• As in other areas of
agriculture, technology has
found its way into
horticulture.
• Horticulture technology is
the application of science to
horticulture.
What is horticulture?
• The horticulture industry is the

combination of scientific,
technological, and production
activities that ensure the satisfaction
of the consumer.
Why is the horticulture
industry popular?
• increase in jobs
• increase in food for humans and animals
• increase in aesthetic pleasure
Jobs Food aesthetic

pleasure
What are the three major segments
of the horticulture industry?
• The horticulture industry can be divided into
three areas:
– ornamental horticulture
– olericulture
– pomology.
• .
Landscape Design Landscape Architecture

Wholesale Growers Interiorscape
Turf Maintenance Turf Management
Landscape Maintenance Business and Financial Management
Forestry Retail Industry
Fruit and Vegetable Production Landscape Construction
Floral
• The growth and use of plants for their
beauty is the area of horticulture known as
ornamental horticulture.
• Ornamental horticulture involves the
production and use of plants used both
indoors and outdoors.
• Because of the use of green plants, the
ornamental horticulture industry is often
referred to as the “green industry.”
• Examples of crops within ornamental
horticulture are poinsettias, red maple
trees, carnations, forsythia shrubs, and
petunias.
Review/Summary
• What is horticulture and how does it
relate to science and technology?
•What are the three major segments of the
horticulture industry?
•How do the segments of the ornamental
horticulture industry differ?
Olericulture – Don’t forget to eat
your veggies!
• Olericulture includes the

planting, harvesting, storing,
processing, and marketing
of vegetable crops.
• Sweet corn, tomatoes, and

lettuce are examples of
vegetable crops.
Why is the olericulture industry
important?
• Olericulture is the area of
horticulture that involves the
production of vegetable food crops.
• Vegetables are not only important to
our daily nutrition, but they are also
important to the U.S. agricultural
economy.
important?
• Vegetables are not only important to our
daily nutrition, but they are also important
to the U.S. agricultural economy
• In 2004, vegetables made up over $10
billion of U.S. farm receipts.
• California is the leader in both fresh and
processed vegetables in the United States.
important?
• Vegetables are grown on 1 percent of the
total cropland in the US.
• This amount has been relatively stable
for the past 25 years. However, the
production of vegetables has increased.
• The increase in production on virtually
the same amount of land is the result of
increased technology and more efficient
production practices.
important?
Pomology – The fruits of our labor
• Pomology is the planting,

harvesting, storing,
processing, and marketing
of fruit and nut crops.
• Examples of fruit and nut

crops include peaches,
strawberries, and walnuts.
Why is the pomology industry
important?
• Fruits and nuts, like vegetables, are also
important to our daily nutrition and the U.S.
economy.
• In 2004, the value of U.S. non-citrus fruit
amounted to $9.01 billion. Citrus production in
2005 totaled $2.39 billion.
• The value for U.S. nut production in 2004 was
$3.25 billion.
• Fruit growing is a popular but labor-intensive
industry.
Why is the pomology industry
important?
• The United States is one of

the world’s top producers
of fruits and nuts.
• 10% percent of the
world’s apples, pears,
plums, and prunes
• 20 % of the world’s
peaches
• 25 % percent of the
world’s citrus fruit
Segments of the ornamental
horticulture industry
• Ornamental horticulture can itself be divided

into two categories.
• floriculture and landscape horticulture
• Both involve the use of flowering and foliage
plants.
• Foliage plants are those used for their colorful
greenery or leaves.
Floriculture – Don’t forget to stop
and smell the roses.
• Floriculture is the area of horticulture

associated with cut flowers, potted plants,
and annual bedding plants.
• Producing, transporting, and using flowering
and foliage plants is known as floriculture.
• Poinsettias, carnations, philodendrons, and
petunias are names of common plants
associated with floriculture.
How do the segments of the
ornamental horticulture industry
differ?
• The production and use of
plants to beautify the
outdoor environment is
landscape horticulture.
• Landscape horticulture
includes designing plans
for landscapes, installing
landscapes as specified in
the plans, and maintaining
the landscapes.
differ?
• A nursery is a place that specializes in starting
plants and growing them until they are ready to
be transplanted to landscapes.
• Nurseries produce groundcover plants,

herbaceous perennials, flowering shrubs,
evergreens, deciduous shade trees, and
ornamental trees for retail and wholesale sales.
• Other nurseries, sometimes called sod farms,

grow grass that is moved to landscape projects.
differ?
• Garden centers are retail outlets that
sell plants grown in nurseries, along with
garden supplies.
• Garden centers frequently have a
greenhouse range and floral services.
differ?
• Arboriculture is a segment of the
horticulture industry that deals with the care
of trees.
• Some technical skills required of an arborist
include planting, pruning, fertilizing, and
diagnosing and treating diseases and pest
infestations.
Why is the ornamental horticulture
industry important?
• Floral production is the growing of
flowering or foliage crops to maturity.
• Floriculture is an international, multibillion
dollar industry.
• Mature plants can be sold as cut flowers
or foliage, potted flowering plants, foliage
plants, or bedding plants.
industry important?
• The National Agricultural Statistics
Service reports that in 2004
floriculture crops were worth $5.2
billion on the wholesale market.
• California, Florida, Michigan, Texas,
and New York led the nation in
wholesale floriculture production.
industry important?
industry important?
• Landscape horticulture is a billion-dollar
industry in the United States.
• Homeowners spent $50.9 billion in 1999
to improve, and maintain their landscapes
and gardens.
industry important?
• In 2000, nursery production
was measured at $3.3 billion
nationally.
• deciduous shrubs accounted for
23% of total sales
• broadleaf evergreens, 18 %
• deciduous trees, 12 percent.
What are skills you need in order to be
successful in a horticulture career?
• Horticulture careers require an
understanding of both science and
business.
• Opportunities in the horticulture industry
are plentiful, but in order to be successful
a person must be skilled in a number of
areas.
• have an understanding of plant needs and
plant growth
• Understand fertilization, growing
schedules, cutting schedules, irrigation,
and temperature
• Understand plant insects and diseases.
• Mechanical skills are also important in
horticulture careers.
• Irrigation systems
=plumbing,
•Greenhouses = heating
and ventilation
•Basic construction
• Maintenance and repair of hand tools,
power tools, and equipment is essential.
• Marketing skills
• It is important to know both the wholesale

and retail worth of the product being sold.
• Administrative skills are necessary for

anyone who has employees working for
them.
BASIS FOR COMPARISON WHOLESALE RETAIL
Meaning Wholesale is a business When the goods are sold

in which goods are sold in to the final consumer in
large quantities to the small lots, then this type
retailers, industries and of business is termed as
other businesses. retail.
Creates link between Manufacturer and Wholesaler and Customer
Retailer
Price Lower Comparatively higher
Competition Less Very high

Volume of transaction Large Small
Capital Requirement Huge Little
Deals in Limited products Different products
Area of operation Extended to various cities Limited to a specific area
Art of selling Not Required Required

Need for advertisement No Yes
• It is also very important for people in horticulture careers to be familiar with
the legal aspects of business.
• Local, state, and national laws must be understood and followed to reduce the
risk of legal problems.
• Laws regarding the proper use of chemicals are especially critical to
horticulture employees.
Career vs. Job vs. Occupation
• A career is the direction a person’s life takes as related to his or her choice of work.
• Before choosing a career in horticulture, a person should be involved in horticulture
related jobs or occupations to see if that career is the best choice.
• A job is the work a person performs for wages and benefits.
• An occupation is work that has a title and specified duties.
How can a person prepare for a
horticulture career?
• To be successful in a career, a person must be
productive and have the necessary personal skills.
• Personal skills are a person’s abilities to relate to
others productively.
What are examples of jobs and
careers in the horticulture field?
• Jobs and careers in horticulture can be in the
position of an employee or as an entrepreneur.
• An employee is someone who works for someone
else, while entrepreneurs work for themselves.
• Jobs and careers can be in the following industries:
– landscape horticulture
– floriculture
– olericulture and pomology
– turfgrass,
– and other general areas
• Education and training is also important in preparing for a horticulture career.
• A person can receive horticulture training in high school, community or junior
college, and college.
• Education should be related to plant and soil science and to plant structures
and functions.
Landscape horticulture
• Nursery production involves growing
plants in containers or fields.
• Plants can be grown from seeds, cuttings, or
grafts.
• Jobs and occupations
in nursery production
supervisor include
propagator, inventory manager, field
supervisor, manager, salesperson,
sales manager, and shipping.
• The landscape nursery industry prepares
sites for landscaping and purchases the
items needed for a landscape design.
• Jobs and occupations in the landscape
nursery industry include construction
supervisor, designer, and salesperson.
• Landscape maintenance work involves
caring for already established landscapes.
• Mowing, pruning, weed control, and
fertilization are all examples of landscape
maintenance work.
• Jobs and occupations in
the landscape maintenance
industry include crew
supervisor, superintendent
of operations, salesperson,
and manager.
• The plants and seeds used by commercial
growers come from large operations.
• These large operations are able to mass
produce seeds and plants.
• Examples of jobs and
occupations related to
this industry include
plant breeder,
propagator,
independent grower,
sales manager, and
salesperson.
• The heart of the retail nursery industry is
the garden center.
• A garden center offers consumers plant
materials and supplies needed to maintain a
garden or landscape.
related to the retail
nursery industry
include buyer,
landscape designer,
plant technician, and
manager.
• Arboretums and botanical gardens offer
both job and educational opportunities for
people interested in horticulture.
• An arboretum is a natural setting of trees,
shrubs, and vines.
• A botanical garden is a plant collection
habitat.
Floriculture
• Grower
• production superintendent
• marketing manager
• inventory controller.
• Wholesale florists sell both floral products
and materials used in floral designs.
• Jobs and occupations related to the
wholesale floral industry include manager,
buyer, and salesperson.
• A retail florist shop is a business in which
people can find floral products.
related to the retail floral
industry include store
manager, sales clerk, and
designer.
Pomology and olericulture
• Production varies according to the crop being raised and
where it is being raised.
• Examples of jobs and occupations in food crop
production include manager and field technician.
• Marketing is also important in the food crop production
industry.
• Examples of jobs and occupations in the food crop
marketing industry include sales agent and broker.
Turfgrass
• Sod production is the mass production of
turfgrass.
• Jobs and occupations related to the sod
production industry include farm manager,
assistant farm manager, spray technician,
and staff leader.
• Turfgrass establishment involves a site
where turfgrass has already been installed
and requires maintenance.
• Examples of jobs and occupations in the
turfgrass establishment industry include
construction superintendent and planting
superintendent.
• Golf course design and maintenance involves
workers designing and caring for golf course
landscapes.
•golf course architect

• superintendent
•assistant superintendent
• irrigation technician
• spray technician
•landscape technician
•equipment operator.
• Other career areas
• horticulture therapist
• cooperative extension agent
• horticultural specialist
• consultant, teacher
• research scientist.
Review/Summary
•Why is the horticulture industry
popular?
•Why is the ornamental horticulture
industry important?
•Why is the olericulture industry
important?
•Why is the pomology industry
important?
Review/Summary
•What are skills you need in order to
be successful in a horticulture career?
•How can a person prepare for a
horticulture career?
•What are examples of jobs and

Introduction To The Horticulture Industry

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Introduction To The Horticulture Industry

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Introduction to the

• Horticulture is the culture

• In Latin, horticulture means

• The field of science that

• Botany is the study of

• The horticulture industry is the

Jobs Food aesthetic

Landscape Design Landscape Architecture

• Olericulture includes the

• Sweet corn, tomatoes, and

• Pomology is the planting,

• Examples of fruit and nut

• The United States is one of

• Ornamental horticulture can itself be divided

• Floriculture is the area of horticulture

• Nurseries produce groundcover plants,

• Other nurseries, sometimes called sod farms,

• It is important to know both the wholesale

• Administrative skills are necessary for

Meaning Wholesale is a business When the goods are sold

Competition Less Very high

Capital Requirement Huge Little

Deals in Limited products Different products

Area of operation Extended to various cities Limited to a specific area

Art of selling Not Required Required

•golf course architect

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