CONDITIONAL

SENTENCES
WHAT IS CONDITIONAL SENTENCE?

Conditional Sentence is a complete sentence; It consists of minimally two clauses;

They are IF-Clause and MAIN Clause.
The MAIN Clause is the EVENT, and
The IF-Clause is the Certain Condition

It is to express real or probable situations in the present or future; and

To talk about conditions in our daily lives, followed by suggestions or orders.
Examples

1. The glass will break if we hit it with a hammer.

2. The stone will sink if we put it into the water.
3. We shall visit her if it doesn’t rain.
4. Turn off all appliances if you want to leave the workshop.
5. This building would fall down if there were no foundation.
6. I should take a rest if I were you.
7. He could have helped more you if he hadn’t been so busy.
 THERE ARE 3 TYPES of Conditional Sentence
TYPE MAIN CLAUSE IF - CLAUSE Meaning / Purpose
I FUTURE : Shall/Will + Verb.1 IF – Verb Present Expressing the TRUTH, POSSIBILITY, n
IMPERATIVE
  modals verb.1 / verb+s/es Possible to happen
  e.g: a) > The glass will break if we hit it with a hammer. To express the truth/possibility to happen
 
or if he hits it with a hammer.
  b) > I shall/will visit her if it doesn’t rain.  To express possibility to happen
c) > Turn off all appliances if you want to leave the workshop. with imperative
II PAST FUTURE : Should/Would + Verb.1 IF – Past Verb Expressing IMAGINATION, ADVICE/SUGGESTION
  past modals verb.2 ( verb+d/ed) Unreal Condition : Never to happen
To express our imagination
  e.g: a) > This building would fall down if there were no foundation.
 
b) > I should/would take a rest for a while if I were you To express giving suggestion
III PAST FUTURE PERFECT : Should/Would +HAVE + Verb.3 IF - Past Perfect Tense Expressing REGRET (a wish that didn’t happen)
  past modals HAD+verb.3 ( past participle) Past Time Condition
  e.g: > Rafael could HAVE helpED you if he HAD not BEEN so busy. To express feeling Regret
   
 
 
       
 TYPE I : PATTERN and SAMPLE
TYPE MAIN CLAUSE IF - CLAUSE Meaning / Purpose
I FUTURE : Shall/Will + Verb.1 IF – Verb Present Expressing the TRUTH, POSSIBILITY, n IMPERATIVE
  modals verb.1 / verb+s/es Possible to happen

  e.g: a) > The glass will break if we hit it with a hammer. To express the truth
    or if he hits it with a hammer.  
  > The stone will sink if you put it into a bucket of water.  

       
  b) - Dhimas will come to my house if it doesn't rain. To express Possible to happen; hoping; willings
  - I shall come to the party if he invites me S.th will happen , if the Condition is fulfilled
       
  c) > Press that switch if you want to turn on the lights. Imperative : expressing Procedure

  Check the fuse if the lights are still off.  

Push up the lever of the fuse
 
  > Wait for me for 10 minutes more
  > Don't forget to take the medicine
if it is in the position of down/off.  
if I haven't come yet by seven. Imperative : Appointment, request
Imperative : Instruction, Warning, Advice/
if you have finished your lunch. Suggestion
 TYPE II
TYPE MAIN CLAUSE IF - CLAUSE Meaning / Purpose
Expressing IMAGINATION,
II PAST FUTURE : Should/Would + Verb.1 IF - Past Verb ADVICE/SUGGESTION
  past modals verb.2 ( verb+d/ed) Unreal Condition : Never to happen
  e.g: a) > This building would fall down if there were no foundation. To express our imagination
> I should/would finish all the
  fishes if I were a cat.  
  > Rafael would help you more often if he were not so busy.  
  > I should/would treat you all if I were a billionaire.  
  or: if I had much money.

  b) - I should/would take a rest for a while if I were you. Advice/ Suggestion

       

       
 TYPE III: PATTERN and SAMPLE
TYPE MAIN CLAUSE IF - CLAUSE Meaning / Purpose
III PAST FUTURE PERFECT : Should/Would +HAVE + Verb.3 IF - Past Perfect Tense Expressing REGRET
  past modals HAD+verb.3 ( past participle) Past Time Condition
-The Real: I didn’t
  e.g: > I would/should HAVE been in the third grade if I HAD passed the examination. pass the exam.
 -The real: Rafael was
  > Rafael could HAVE helpED you if he HAD not BEEN so busy. so busy at that time
   
 -The real: you didn’t do
  > The teacher wouldn’t HAVE beEN angry with you if you HAD DONE your home assignment. your home assignment
 

 
       
       
 EXERCISES:

a) STATE THE TYPE (To always remember the composition)

1. You will be ill if you (eat) so much. --> Type …
=>
2. I (go) if I had known. --> Type …
=>
3. If my car (not break) down, I should have caught the train. --> Type …
=>
4. If she were older, she (have) more sense. --> Type …
=>
5. If you (read) that book carefully, you would understand it. --> Type …
=>
b). Rewrite the following sentences, by giving the correct form of the verbs
in the brackets, based on the Condition/Dialogues given.
1. I’m not rich; I don’t live in a big house. If I (be) rich, I (live) in a big house.
=>
2. I’m not a mechanic; I can’t repair your car. If I (be) a mechanic, I (help) you
repair your car.
=>
3. Bryan didn’t do his English assignment; It made the teacher angry.
The teacher (not be) angry with Bryan if he (do) his English assignment.
=>
4. X: John, are you going to visit Anne tonight? Y: Yup! If the weather is okay.
If it (not rain), John (visit) Anne tonight.
=>