Word of the Day

Dissent- verb /diˈsent/

- to withhold assent or approval
Synonyms Antonyms
differ, disagree, oppose Agree, assent, concur
Sentence:
Due to Sheila’s religious belief that life is precious, she would
dissent the death penalty for any crime. 
Averting Terrorism
Dear Diary,

It was my 20th day in this camp as a trainee, and I have

been learning the basic tactics in fighting. Other recruits
arrive this morning, and they joined us in learning how to
attack during encounters. Yesterday, they taught us how to
hold a sword, and they tell us how to fight until the very
end. It’s been hard since day one when they abducted me
and convert me into their faith. I am forced to be here and I
am biding my time to escape. For now, I pretend to be one
of them.
Evaluate the underlined verbs from
a diary entry of a Jihadi recruit.
Questions:
Questions:

• In what tenses are they written?

Questions:

• In what tenses are they written?

• Are they consistently expressed in consonance with the time

element in which the actions are completed?
Tense Consistency
We can see different tenses of
verbs in the given paragraph.
Tense of the Verb:
Tense of the Verb:
• Signals the time element when the action was done.
Tense of the Verb:
• Signals the time element when the action was done.

• Provides emphasis on action or condition.

Tense of the Verb:
• Signals the time element when the action was done.

• Provides emphasis on action or condition.

• Determines whether an action is continuous or

repetitive.
Verb Tense
 Verb Tense

Present
 Verb Tense

Present Past
 Verb Tense

Present Past Future

Present Tense
Present Tense
FORMULA EXAMPLE
Simple base form of the verb in Make/s
singular or plural

Perfect have/has + past have/has made

participle of the verb

Progressive am/is/are + verb + ing am/is/are making

Perfect Progressive have/has been + verb + have/has been making
-ing
 Simple Present
• It is used to show:
- General Facts
- Regular Actions
- Regular Schedules

Examples:
• He speaks English.
• The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.
• Bianca practices the piano every day.
 Present Progressive
• It is used to show an ongoing action is happening now, either at
the moment of speech or now in a larger sense.

Examples:
• You are learning English now.
• They are reading their books.
• I am studying to become a doctor.
 Present Perfect
• It is used to show that an action has taken place once or many times
before now. The present perfect is most frequently used to talk about
experiences or changes that have taken place.

• We can use the present perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever,
never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.

Examples:
• I have seen that movie twenty times.
• Joan has studied two foreign languages.
• Man has walked on the Moon.
 Present Perfect Progressive
• It is used to show that an action started in the past and has
continued up to the present moment.

Examples:
• You have been waiting here for two hours.
• She has been working at that company for three years.
• James has been teaching at the university since June.
Past Tense
Past Tense

FORMULA EXAMPLE
Simple past form of the made
verb
Perfect had+ past participle Had made
of the verb
Progressive Was/were+ verb + was/were making
-ing
Perfect Progressive Had been + verb + had been making
-ing
 Simple Past
• It is used to show that a completed action took place at a specific
time in the past.

• The simple past is also frequently used to talk about past habits
and generalizations.
Examples:
• I saw a movie yesterday.
• I studied French when I was a child.
• People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past.
 Past Progressive
• It is used to show that an ongoing past action was happening at
a specific moment of interruption, or that two ongoing actions
were happening at the same time.

Examples:
• You were studying when she called.
• While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.
• While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
 Past Perfect
• It is used to show that an action took place once or many times
before another point in the past. 

Examples:
• You had studied English before you moved to New York.
• She only understood the movie because she had read the book.
• Kristine had never been to an opera before last night.
 Past Perfect Progressive
• It is used to show that an action started in the past and
continued up to another point in the past.

Examples:
• Cathy had been playing the piano for 35 years when she was
finally asked to do a solo with the local orchestra.
• She had been painting the door before the dog scratched it
• We had been struggling for several years before the business
finally took off.
Future Tense
Future Tense

FORMULA EXAMPLE
Simple will/shall + base will/shall make
form of the verb
Perfect will have + past will have made
participle of the
verb
Progressive will be + verb + -ing will be making
Perfect Progressive will have been + will have been
verb + -ing making
 Simple Future
• Simple future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be
going to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used
interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings.

• These different meanings might seem too abstract at first, but

with time and practice, the differences will become clear. Both
"will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future.
 Simple Future
• It is used to show:
- Predictions/ Opinions in the future
- Spontaneous Decisions
- Requests
- Promises

Examples:
• My mother will go to Madrid next September.
• I think she won’t go to the party.
• There isn’t any milk in the fridge. I’ll buy some later.
• I promise I will tell him the truth
 Simple Future
Examples:
• I will send you the information when I get it.

• Will you help me move this heavy table?

• He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.

 Future Progressive
• Future continuous has two different forms: "will be doing " and
"be going to be doing." Unlike simple future forms, future
progressive forms are usually interchangeable.

• It is used to show:
- A specific period of time in the future
- Actions which have already been planned
 Future Progressive

Examples:
• You are going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives
tonight.
• You will be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.
• I can’t go out tonight, I will be working at the office.
• This time next week, I will be travelling to Batangas.
 Future Perfect
• It is used to show an ongoing action is happening now, either at
the moment of speech or now in a larger sense.

Examples:
• How many countries are you going to have visited by the
time you turn 50?
• By Monday, Susan is going to have had my book for a week.
 Future Perfect Progressive
• Future perfect continuous has two different forms: "will have been doing "
and "be going to have been doing." Unlike simple future forms, future
perfect continuous forms are usually interchangeable.

Examples:
• They will have been talking for over an hour by the time
Thomas arrives.
• I will have been driving you for three hours when we reach the
halfway point.
When we are consistently observing the
use of same tense of verb in a sentence,
paragraph, or essay, we are adhering to
the rules of tense consistency.
If we dissect the paragraph, it appears
that there are many tenses used.
Example:
Example:

1. It was my 20 day in this camp as a

th

trainee, and I have been learning the basic

tactics in fighting.
 The verbs are in past tense (was) and in present
perfect progressive (have been learning). The first
verb signifies that the action is completed and the
other signifies that the action is in progress and to be
completed in an indefinite future. Hence, there is no
verb tense consistency here although the actions
indicate past actions.
Correction:
Correction:

It was my 20th day in this camp as a

trainee, and I learned the basic tactics in
fighting. (Both verbs are now in simple
past.)
Example:
Example:

2. Other recruits arrive this morning, and

they joined us in learning how to attack
during encounters.
 Again, there are two tenses used here: simple
present arrive and simple past joined. Looking at
the time element, since the arrival happened earlier,
it is assumed that the action is already completed.
Thus, the present tense of the verb is erroneously
used.
Correction:
Correction:

Other recruits arrived this morning, and

they joined us in learning how to attack
during encounters.
Example:
Example:

3. Yesterday, they taught us how to hold

a sword, and they tell us how to fight until
the very end.
Correction:
Correction:

Yesterday, they taught us how to hold a

sword, and they told us how to fight until
the very end.
Example:
Example:

4. When they abducted me and convert

me into their faith.
Example:

4. When they abducted me and convert

me into their faith.
Correction:
Correction:

When they abducted me and converted

me into their faith.
 Same principle is applied in sentence 3 (taught:
simple past and tell: simple present) and 4
(abducted: simple past and convert: simple present)
where the actions are supposedly completed in the
past.
Example:
Example:

5. I am forced to be here, and I am biding

my time to escape.
 We should not shift tenses in a sentence unless
there is a time change in the statement just like in
sentence 5. The first verb forced is in the simple
past, and it expresses a completed action while the
other verb, am biding is expressed in present
progressive. It signifies an action that will be
completed in the future. The action of escaping will
possibly be completed in the future.
Tense consistency is required in both
sentence and paragraph levels.
Principles in applying tense consistency:
Principles in applying tense consistency:

1. When expressing your own ideas, facts, actions in

movie, drama, or book use the present tense.
However, keep the tense of the quotes taken from any
reference.
Example:
Example:

Terrorism threatens people and

communities.
Principles in applying tense consistency:
Principles in applying tense consistency:

2. When presenting past actions that show

results/findings of studies or argument in scientific
literature, use the past tense.
Example:
Example:

Terrorists abducted international tourists

and asked for ransom money.
Principles in applying tense consistency:
Principles in applying tense consistency:

3. When citing future actions, conditions, or events, use

the future tense.
Example:
Example:

All out war against the rebels will not solve

the problem of insurgency.
Activity:

In each item, one verb must be changed so

that it agrees in tense with the other verbs.
Identify the incorrect verb and write the
correct form on your notebook.
Activity:
1. Some people argue that Filipinos of today are too materialistic.
After all, there were more shopping malls than high schools in
this country.

2. Before starting his shift, the jeepney driver stopped at a nearby

eatery to fuel him up and fills his vehicle up with gas.

3. Last month, Cecilion wanted to adopt a shelter cat, but the

property manager at his apartment building says that he would be
violating his least agreement.
Activity:
4. Duterte has been vocal against the renewal of the franchise of
ABS- CBN after the network supposedly does not air a political
advertisement that was already paid for during his presidential
bid in the 2016 elections.

5. I donated blood at the Philippine Red Cross after I learn that

somebody in the country will need blood every two or three
seconds.