TYPES OF ANALOGIES

To complete an analogy
you must be able to:

•Select the answer containing words related to

one another in most nearly the same way
 What is an ANALOGY
•An analogy is a comparison between things
that are alike in one specific way.
 Analogies look like this:
Up: Down ::Over: Under

Analogies sound like this:

Up is to Down as Over is to Under

 Analogy types:
•Synonyms/antonyms
•Part to Whole or Whole to Part
•Function/Use, Worker/Tool, Doer/Action
•Category/Type
Analogy types:

•Degree (size or intensity)

•Grammatical Relationship or Spelling
•Cause to effect (or effect to cause)
•Object to function
Synonyms:

Infant: Baby::Grown-Up: ______?

Infant: Baby::Grown-Up: Adult

 Antonyms:
Big: Small::Full:_______?

Big: Small::Full: Empty

Part to Whole:
Wheel: Car::Branch:_______?

Wheel: Car::Branch: Tree

Fation/Use
(Object/ Function):
Truck: Transport::Oven:______?

Truck: Transport::Oven: bake

Category/Type:
Apple: Fruit::Carrot:_______?

Apple: Fruit::Carrot: Vegetable

Degree (size/intensity):
Warm: Hot::Cool:______?

Warm: Hot::Cool: Frigid

Cause-Effect:

Sliver: Pain::Heat:__________

Sliver: Pain::Heat: Boil

Sequence:

Early: late :: dawn : _________

Early : late :: dawn : twilight

 Can you identify the
relationship?
1. PLATOON:SOLDIER a) Synonyms or antonyms
b) Part to whole
2. HOT:SCALDING c) Category/Type
3. STARVATION:BINGING d) Cause-effect (or effect to
cause)
4. GILLS:BREATHING e) Degree (size or intensity)
5. PERSUASIVE:CONVINCING f) Function/Use
(Object/function)
6. SOCCER:SPORT
 Can you identify the
relationship?

b 1. PLATOON:SOLDIER a)Synonyms or antonyms

e 2. HOT:SCALDING b)Part to whole
c)Category/Type
a 3. STARVATION:BINGING
d)Cause-effect (or effect
4. GILLS:BREATHING to cause)
f
5. PERSUASIVE:CONVINCIN e) Degree (size or
a G intensity)
c 6. SOCCER:SPORT f) Function/Use
(Object/function)
 Helpful Hints:

1. Determine relationship between the words in

the given pair

antonyms? synonyms?sequence?
degree?
cause-effect? function? category?
 Helpful Hints:

2. Choose the answer that has a

similar relationship and can be
expressed in a similar manner
 Example

APPLE : FRUIT ::
A. Salad : Mix
B. Orange: Banana
C. Juice : Can
D. Slice : Core
E. Butterfly: Insect
Example
APPLE : FRUIT ::
A. Salad : Mix
B. Orange: Banana
C. Juice : Can
D. Slice : Core
E. Butterfly: Insect
 Example
PEN : WRITE ::
A. Pencil : Sharpen
B. Ink : Blue
C. Letter : Compose
D. Knife : Cut
E. Mistake : Erase
 Example
PEN : WRITE ::
A. Pencil : Sharpen
B. Ink : Blue
C. Letter : Compose
D.Knife : Cut
E. Mistake : Erase
 Helpful Hints Part II:
•Pay attention to
• the order of the words in the pair
• the parts of speech

•Remember –
• single word can have different meanings
• read all possible answers before deciding
on the best answer
 Practice
Large : Big::
A. Remember : Forget
B. Triumph: Success
C. Nostril : Smell
D. Audio : Hear
E. Glasses : See
 Practice
Large : Big::
A. Remember : Forget
B. Triumph: Success
C. Nostril : Smell
D. Audio : Hear
E. Glasses : See
 Practice
Bat : Hitter
A. Score: Win
B. Walk : Run
C. Mars : Venus
D. Stick : Hockey Player
E. Basketball: Hoop
 Practice
Bat : Hitter
A. Score: Win
B. Walk : Run
C. Mars : Venus
D. Stick : Hockey Player
E. Basketball: Hoop
 Practice
Come : Came::
A. Walk : Walking
B. Ride : Rode
C. Left : Arrived
D. Did : Had Done
E. See : Seen
 Practice
Come : Came::
A. Walk : Walking
B. Ride : Rode
C. Left : Arrived
D. Did : Had Done
E. See : Seen