OUTLINE

1.Definitions of Statistics

2.Fields of Statistics

3.Functions of Statistics

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 WHAT IS STATISTICS?

Statistics is the study of how to collect,

organize, analyze, and interpret numerical
information and data.

Statistics is used to make decision, this is

especially important in :

Economists, politics, financial advisors,

businessmen, engineers, farmers, etc.
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WHAT IS STATISTICS?

• Statistics is a way to get

information from data.
• Statistics is a field of study.
• Statistics a group of numerical
data.

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WHAT IS STATISTICS?

• referendum about the durned line

• Peace process
• GDP
• Population
• Export and import

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Inferential Statistics

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Population, Survey, Planning, Prediction
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KEY STATISTICAL CONCEPT

• A population consists of all subjects (human or otherwise)

that are being studied.
• For example all Afghan citizens who are currently registered
to vote, all students who study at karwan University.
• A Sample is a set of data drawn from the population or
sample is a group of subject selected from a population.
For example: kankor

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 DATA
• Data; is the collection of facts and figures from which conclusions can
be drawn”.
• Data can be of two types;
Primary Data: Data collected by the decision maker( researcher) for the
first time (raw data).
• For example: marks of students etc.
Secondary Data: while data sorted by statistical methods at least
once,The data have been collected, classified, organize, and present for a
certain purpose, are called secondary data.
• For example: population, marks of students.
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S O U R C E S O F D ATA :

Primary Sources:
a. Questionnaire
b.Interviewing
c. Observation

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SECONDARY SOURCES
Secondary Sources: Data collected from the secondary sources are known as
secondary data. Following are the secondary sources of data.
• International organizations: United Nations, WB, IMF, WTO, WHO, IDB
etc. these data are available in the form of published books or on CDs.
• Journals: Many journals in the field of finance, commerce, domestic trade,
international trade industry are published at a regular intervals. Some of these
are published by Universities and other are published by private companies.
They published research studies.
• Newspapers: Everyday hundreds of newspapers are published from different
countries. Some of these newspapers specialize in economic and trade.

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COMPUTER AND STATISTICS

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COMPUTER AND STATISTICS

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COMPUTER AND STATISTICS

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COMPUTER AND STATISTICS

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COMPUTER AND STATISTICS

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COMPUTER AND STATISTICS

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COMPUTER AND STATISTICS

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COMPUTER AND STATISTICS

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