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Introduction to computer
ICT
Computer Science
Characteristics of computers
Application of Computes
Generation of Computers
Types of Computers Classification
3/31/2021 Compiled by Computer Science Department 2
Information and Communication Technology & Computer Science
ICT
The processing of data using computers, and the movement of data between computers
The creation of computer systems and applications, especially those that move data around a
computer network between client and server or over the internet
Computer Science
The study of computer and their architecture, languages, and application, in all aspects
As well as the mathematical structures that relate to computers and computations
A machine that is controlled by internally stored programs and that can perform operations
without human intervention.
collection of hardware and software components.
Today’s computers not only process numbers, they process texts, pictures, multimedia and so
on.
Generally, computer is a electronic machine(device) that takes data as input, processes them in
a predefined manner and gives the required information in the form of output.
Power of remembering: a computer can store and recall huge amount of information because
of its secondary storage capability.
No feeling: computers are lacking of emotion.
• They have no feelings and no natures because they are machines.
• Computers can not make judgment on their own.
Reliability: now a day’s computers are used in sensitive areas that need very high
reliability.
Resource sharing: by connecting computers each other resource sharing is achievable in
the computer system. E.g. printer
Flexibility: a computer is a versatile machine. It is difficult to find an area where
computers are not being used.
Specific Mainframe
Computer
Super Computer
Minicomputers
Larger and more powerful than most microcomputers but are smaller and less powerful
than mainframe computer systems.
Size prevents it from being easily portable although it can be moved more easily than a
mainframe computer.
Cost less to buy and maintain than mainframe computers.
Used for a large number of business and scientific applications.
Mainframes
Large, powerful computers that are physically larger than micros and minis and usually
have processors with faster instruction processing speeds.
For example, they may be able to process from 10 to 200 million instructions per second
(MIP).
They are designed to handle the information processing need of organization with many
employees and customers or with complex computational problems.
To give some example, mainframes can handle the processing of thousands of customer
inquiries, employee paychecks, student registrations, sale transactions, and inventory
changes.
They are also used as the center of computer networking.
Supercomputer
Powerful computer designed for high-speed processing.
Characterized as being the fastest, most powerful, and most expensive computer.
Supercomputers demand special cooling requirement and the room itself should be air-
conditioned.
Some supercomputers require extra floor support to hold the extreme weight of the
complete system that includes storage units.
These computers can take inputs from over 10,000 individual computers and users at the
same time.
Super computers are largely used by research organizations, military defense
systems, national weather for casting agencies, large corporations, aircraft
manufacturer, etc.
Supercomputer Several separate units Largest More Expensive In scientific research, weather
forecasting, space exploration,
military defense