CORROSION AND RUSTING

By: Jessica George

Class:10th B
 INDEX

• What is Corrosion?
• What is Rusting?
• What are the differences between Corrosion and Rusting?
• What are the factors affecting Corrosion?
• How can Corrosion be prevented?
• What techniques are used to protect metals from Corrosion?
 WHAT IS CORROSION?

• Corrosion is the process of deterioration of materials as a result of chemical, electrochemical or

other reactions
• Normally occurs when the substance is exposed to air or some chemicals
• Also occur in materials other than metals, such as ceramics or polymers. Commonly called
"degradation"
• Corrosion degrades the useful properties of materials and structures including strength,
appearance and permeability to liquids and gases
 WHAT IS RUSTING?

• Rusting is the common term for corrosion of elemental iron and its alloys such as steel
• Rusting is a part of corrosion and is a chemical process which results in the formation of red or
orange coating on the surface of iron / its alloys
• Mainly occurs when a metal is exposed to air and moisture
• Surface rust is commonly flaky and friable and provides no passivational protection to the
underlying metal
• Many other metals undergo similar corrosion, but the resulting oxides are not commonly called
"rust"
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CORROSION AND
RUSTING
Corrosion
• Corrosion can occur on different surfaces such as
skin, wood, metals, etc.
• Corrosion can occur when the substance is exposed
to air or some chemicals.
• Corrosion results in the formation of the oxides of
metal or salts.
• Corrosion can occur in materials like polymers and
ceramics and this type is known as degradation.
• Example: Corrosion of copper and silver
Rusting
• Rusting usually occurs on surfaces of iron and its
alloys.
• Rusting mainly occurs when a metal is exposed
to air and moisture.
• Only iron oxide is formed when rusting takes
place.
• Rust or rusting can affect only iron and its alloys.
• Example: Rusting of iron and its alloys
 FACTORS AFFECTING CORROSION

• Exposure of the metals to air containing gases like CO2, SO2, SO3 etc.

• Exposure of metals to moisture especially salt water (which increases the rate of corrosion).
• Presence of impurities like salt (eg. NaCl).
• Temperature: An increase in temperature increases corrosion.
• Nature of the first layer of oxide formed: some oxides like Al2O3 forms an insoluble protecting
layer which can prevent further corrosion. Others like rust easily crumble and expose the rest of
the metal.
• Presence of acid in the atmosphere: acids can easily accelerate the process of corrosion.
 HOW TO PREVENT CORROSION

• Use non-corrosive metals, such as stainless steel or Aluminium

• Make sure the metal surface stays clean and dry.
• Use drying agents.
• Use a coating or barrier product such as grease, oil, paint or carbon fibre coating.
• Lay a layer of backfill, for example limestone, with underground piping
• Use a sacrificial anode to provide a cathodic protection system
 TECHNIQUES USED TO PROTECT METALS
FROM CORROSION
• Electroplating: A metal is coated with a thin layer of another metal using electrolysis. New metal
coating protects the metal from corrosion.
• Galvanization: Coating iron with a thin layer of zinc. Generally done by dipping iron in molten zinc.
The zinc layer coating thus protects the iron from corrosion.
• Painting and Greasing: Providing a layer of paint or grease on the metal which can prevent the
exposure of the metal with the external environment thereby preventing corrosion. Painting helps in
long term safety from rusting whereas greasing is used for short term safety from rusting.
• Cathodic Protection: The base metal is connected to a sacrificial metal that corrodes instead of the
base metal. Sacrificial metal (which is more reactive than the base metal) will give out electrons and
get oxidised. The ions thus formed takes part in the corrosion reactions thereby saving the base metal.
 THANK YOU

HOPE YOU LIKED THIS PRESENTATION