Permutation

Question:
 There are 3 boys to be photographed. How
many ways can they be arranged in a row?

DRC DCR CDR

CRD RCD RDC
Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able
to:
a. define permutation
b. solve counting problems using permutation
Permutation
 An ordered arrangement of r objects from n objects.
 “the arrangement is important”
 Three Types of Permutation
1. Distinct with repetitions
There are n distinct (different) objects, you are
choosing r objects to arrange and repetitions are
allowed.
Example 1
You are creating a 5 – letter password for your e –
mail account and repetitions of letters are allowed. How
many possible passwords can be formed?
Solutions:

Answer: 11, 881, 376

Example 2
There are 3 rotating cylinders in a briefcase lock,
each containing 10 digits. How many numerical codes are
possible?
Solution:

Answer: 1,000 possible codes available

2. Distinct without repetitions
 There are n distinct (different) objects, you are choosing
r objects to arrange and objects cannot be repeated.
Example 3
A club with 12 members will elect their officer, in
how many ways can they choose a president, a vice
president, a secretary, and a treasurer?
Solution:

Answer: 11, 880 ways

Example 4
There are 8 teams competing in a volleyball match.
In how many ways can the team win 1st, 2nd, and 3rd
place?
Solution:

Answer: 336 ways

Circular Permutation
In how many ways can you seat 5 guests in a
circular table?
Solution:

Answer: 24 ways
Example 5
In how many ways can you arrange 12 knights in a
round table?
Solution:

Answers: 39,916,800 ways

Nondistinct Permutation
There are some duplicates in n objects and you use
them in all your arrangement.
Example 7
How many arrangements of letters can you form the
word BIOLOGY?
Solution:

Answer: 2,520
Example 6
In how many ways can you arrange the letters of the
word BEE?
Solution:

Answer: 3 possible arrangements

Example 9
How many arrangements of letters can you make
from the word MATHEMATICS?
Solution:

Answer: 4,989,600 arrangements

Example 10
In how many ways can 3 girls and 5 boys be
arranged in a row so that all three girls are together?
Solution:

Answer: 4320 ways

Problems
1. In how many ways can ten students be seated in a round table?
 
2. How many distinct permutations are there in the word “PHILIPPINES”?
 
 3. Five students will be chosen from a group of 15 to be the president, vice president, secretary, treasurer, and
auditor of the class. In how many ways can this be done?
 
 4. In how many ways can 3 people have different birthdays?
 
 5. A display case can hold 8 trophies. In how many ways can the trophies be displayed if there are 12 trophies
available?
  
6. Your boss assigned you to arrange the book display in the bookstore window. In how many ways can you
arrange the books if you are choosing from 10 bestsellers and you can only display 8?
CHALLENGE YOURSELF!
1. A, B, C, D, E, and F are six students. In how many
ways they be seated in a row if:
a. there are no restrictions on the seating;
b. A and B must sit beside each other
c. A and B must not sit beside each other
d. D, E, and F must beside each other
e. A and F must sit at the end of each row