AK 30503

ELECTRONIC
NEWS
GATHERINGS

CHAPTER 3 – ELEMEN
DALAM PENULISAN BERITA
ELEKTRONIK – MEKANIK &
GAYA PENULISAN
PREPARED BY: ISI (PhD)
BROADCAST VS PRINT AUDIO/VIDEO WRITING

JOURNALISM
BROADCAST SIMPLE SENTENCES

BE CLEAR & CONCISE

DIFF

ADJECTIVES/VERBS

DESCRIPTIVE
PRINT
SENTENCES

BIG BLOCK OR TEXT

TV CONTENT IS A LANGUAGE (REGINA, 2014)

Pic
CHARACTERISTIC OF
WRITING
CORRECTNESS ACCURACY

CLEAR, PRECISE ,
CLARITY EASY TO
UNDERSTAND

FOR EAR NOT TO

CONVERSATIONAL READ
STYLE OF
WRITING
 After an on-camera lead by the anchor or the
reporter, a visual story may begin with the most
dramatic footage if there is any, then show video that
matches the written copy scene for scene. As already
noted, if the words and pictures do not support each
other, they compete with each other for the viewer's
attention. In that case the contest is unequal, for the
pictures have more impact.

NO LONGER INVERTED PYRAMID

The narrative, chronological style is more common to
special reports and documentaries. Interesting
videotape may keep the attention of the viewer who
otherwise would become uninterested midway
through the report.
Like The radio journalist, the television news
writer assumes that the longer the sentence the less
it will be understood. Clauses at the start of
sentences or between subject and verb are virtually
taboo. Most clauses can stand
on their own as separate
sentences.
 Humor tends to be restricted to the occasional
humorous videotape, to chatting between anchors,
and to sports editors and weathercasters. Features
are more likely to be of a warm, homey nature than to
be funny.
 Use a graphic with the exact number;
a) state a closer approximation of the number;
more than 54 thousand dollars or just under 55
thousand dollars while at the same time displaying
the exact number in a graphic.
WHAT USE WORDS THAT SOUND GOOD

MAKES A
WORDS THAT EVOKE IMAGE
GOOD
BROADCA
WORDS DECISION SIGNIFICANTLY – EMOTIONAL
ST
WRITING AVOID – LONG SENTENCES AND HARD TO
PRONOUNCE
?
WRITE FOR A 30 SECONDS READERS
 Write as you speak, only better.  Remember you are
writing for ears & eyes.
You are writing stories, but then you tell them orally. - a
WHAT son, a mother, friends, BF, GF.
MAKES A Example;
GOOD “Mom, 150 years of history went up in smoke today . . .
BROADCA .”? 

ST Example:
WRITING “Mom, Shopping complex XXX is on fire. Its tower B is
about to fall.” 
?
Use conversational language, but avoid slang and bad
taste, and don’t insult the intelligence of your listeners
or viewers.
 Sentences no more than 20 words. Strive for an
average of about 15.
WHAT
MAKES A Which one is a good sentences?
GOOD “Two people were killed today when a light
BROADCA plane, which had just taken off from Jeffersonville
Regional Airport, crashed into a mountainside.”
ST
OR
WRITING “Two people died in a plane crash near
? Jeffersonville this morning. The Cessna two-
seater slammed into a mountain just after taking
off from the regional airport.”
 Avoid quoting people in RDRs

WHAT
MAKES A  “The Prime Minister said, . . . .”
GOOD
BROADCA “The Prime Minister praised frontliners for
handling themselves — as he put it – ‘with such
ST class and dignity.’”
WRITING
? “The Prime Minister added: ‘We appreciate your
….,.’”
HOW TO WRITE
• What is the event
A NEWS? WHAT • What happened

WHEN • When it occurred

WHERE • The place

WHO • The person involved

WHY • Reason

HOW • The sequence

 1ST VERSION
— ROB —
TWO TEENS ARE FACING HOMICIDE CHARGES IN CONNECTION WITH A FATAL CRASH
IN MADISON. POLICE BELIEVE THE VEHICLE THAT SIX TEENS WERE IN FRIDAY NIGHT
WAS STOLEN… AND THAT THE CRASH OCCURRED AFTER A FIGHT OVER THE
STEERING WHEEL.

2ND VERSION – WISC-TV

— MARK —
TWO MADISON TEENS ARE FACING HOMICIDE CHARGES — FOLLOWING FRIDAY’S
DEADLY CAR CRASH ON MILWAUKEE STREET.
— ROB —
TWO TEENS ARE FACING HOMICIDE CHARGES IN CONNECTION WITH A FATAL CRASH
IN MADISON.
POLICE BELIEVE THE VEHICLE THAT SIX TEENS WERE IN FRIDAY NIGHT WAS
STOLEN… AND THAT THE CRASH OCCURRED AFTER A FIGHT OVER THE STEERING
WHEEL.
VO/NAT
            A FOURTEEN AND FIFTEEN-YEAR-OLD ARE IN POLICE CUSTODY AFTER THE
CRASH ON MILWAUKEE STREET LATE FRIDAY.
THEY’RE BOTH FACING CHARGES OF HOMICIDE BY NEGLIGENT USE OF A MOTOR
VEHICLE… ALONG WITH OTHER CHARGES.
OFFICERS SAY THEY’RE STILL INVESTIGATING WHETHER THE KEYS TO THE CAR THEY
TOOK WERE TAKEN IN A BURGLARY EARLIER LAST WEEK.
 REPORTER’S SCRIPT/ TREATMENT

NATSOT =NATURAL
SOUND: Wind, Sirens,
explosion…

https://youtu.be/DXTkd40VMN8
  The best soundbites are the jaw-dropping,
head-scratching disputable phrases, and
words that move the viewers’ emotions.
Whether in anger, fear, sadness, and
happiness.
 In a standard news package, a video report
runs for a maximum of two minutes.
CUT THE Therefore, the reporter’s job is to get the most
exciting sound bites not longer than 10
SOUNDBIT seconds. 
 Television reporters trained their ears for
ES selective hearing.
 “no comment” or a “no answer” is still news
 https://youtu.be/QM_YRUe_hLA

“They are dying, that’s true. It is what it is.”

— Donald Trump on Americans dying because of COVID-19
  In reporting news about disaster
phenomena such as hurricane,
USE earthquake, tsunami, and volcanic
eruption — metaphors are commonly
METAPHOR utilized. 
WHEN….  … ACT OF GOD… BILA TUHAN
BERBICARA… WAR ZONE..
MOTHER NATURE…
A lone man robbed a bank in the city. He entered the Security Federal Bank, 814 North Main Street, at about 2:30 p.m.
yesterday. Bank officials said he first went into the bank with the excuse of obtaining information about a loan, talked to a loan
officer and then left. When he returned a few minutes later, he was brandishing a pistol and demanded money from the banks
tellers. Glady Anne Higginbotham, the banks manager, said he forced two tellers to lie on the floor. He then jumped behind a
counter and scooped up the money from five cash drawers. As the gunman scooped up the money, he also scooped up a small
exploding device disguised to look like a packet of money and stuffed it into his pockets along with the rest of the cash. The
device contains red dye and tear gas and automatically explodes after a specified amount of time. The length of time before the
explosion is determined by each individual bank using the device. The device is activated when someone walks out of a bank
with it. As the gunman left the bank, he ordered four customers to lie down on the floor. Most of the customers were unaware of
the robbery until told to get down on the floor. Witnesses believe the gunman sped away from the scene in a pickup truck
parked behind the building. Police say they found a red stain in the rear parking lot and surmise that the device exploded just as
the robber was getting into the truck. An eyewitness told police he saw a late-model black pickup truck a few blocks away with a
red cloud coming out the window a few moments after the robbery but was unable to get the license number. Detective Myron
A. Neeley said, "That guy should be covered with red. The money, too. Just look for a red man with red money. You can’t wash
that stuff off. It just has to wear off. It explodes all over the place-in your clothes, in your hair, on your hands, in your car. Its
almost like getting in contact with a skunk." An FBI agent on the scene added that many banks now use the protective devices
in an effort to foil bank robbers and that the stain will eventually wear off humans but stays on money forever. He estimated that
the man will be covered with the red dye for at least the next two or three days. The man was described as a white man. He is
between the ages of 25 and 30 years of age. He is about 6 feet tall. He weighs about 180 pounds. He has long blond hair. His
attire includes wire-rimmed sunglasses, a gold wedding ring, a blue plaid shirt, blue jeans and brown sandals.