LECTURE 3 AK21703

(2021)

Newswriting Format, Intro,

Attribution & Quotation
 CONTENTS

• Newswriting Format :-
• Inverted Pyramid;
• “Hourglass”
• List Techniques;
• Intro & its types;
• Attribution
 HOW TO WRITE YOUR STORY

• 1. Transcribe your recorded interviews;

• 2. Read through the transcribed text;
• 3. Identify which information that is new, significant and
unusual;
• 4. Pick 1 point that is new, significant and unusual and
report it;
• 5. Write all the 5w 1H in the intro and the second
paragraph;
• 6. When reporting WHO said WHAT – attribute the
person you interviewed.
• 7. Insert 1 or 2 full quotations “…” in your
story to strengthen the credibility of your
story;
 MALAYSIA’S COVID-19 CASES HITS
OVER 1000 MARK

• PUTRAJAYA, 22 Mac – Malaysia’s Covid-19 cases today

hits over the 1000 mark when it records an additional 123
new cases today.
• Director-General of Health Datuk Seri Dr Noor Hisham
Abdullah said with these, Malaysia now has 1,306 of
Covid-19 cases.
• Out of the 123, he said, 74 cases are related to the Tabligh
gathering in Seri Petaling mosque while 49 others are due
to clusters.
• Dr Noor Hisham said 46 are still receiving treatment at the
Intensive Care Unit (ICU) while 25 others have recovered
and discharged.
 INTRO/LEAD/PENDULU

• Introduction to a news text that tells the audience what the

story is about;

• Lead/Pendulu – usually consists of six elements – 5W 1H

in one paragraph

• Types of lead differs Hard News & Soft News

 HARD NEWS LEAD

• 1. Summary lead (Pendulu Ringkasan);

• 2. Delayed Identification Lead (Pendulu Pengenalan
Tertangguh);
• 3. Immediate Identification Lead (Pendulu Pengenalan
Segera);
• 4. Multiple Facts Lead (Pendulu Pelbagai Fakta);
• (Sulaiman Masri & Razali Ayob, 2002)
 SUMMARY LEAD/PENDULU
RINGKASAN

• It attempts to report almost all elements of 5W & 1H in the

intro;
• It reports “direct to the point” about what, when, how, who,
where and why;
• It summarises all the 5w 1H information in one paragraph;
 RUSSIA BOOSTS SYRIAN AIR DEFENCE
AFTER PLANE SHOT DOWN

• By AFP - September 24, 2018 @ 8:23pm

• MOSCOW: Moscow on Monday announced new security
measures to protect its military in Syria, including supplying
the Syrian army with a new S-300 air defence system and
jamming radars of nearby warplanes following the downing of
a Russian plane last week.

• Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu said that President Vladimir

Putin ordered additional security measures after a Syrian
Soviet-era S-200 missile shot down the Russian military plane
by mistake, killing 15, in an incident last Monday that Moscow
blames on Israel.
 DELAYED IDENTIFICATION
LEAD/PENDULU PENGENALAN
DITANGGUHKAN

• This type of lead is used when the element of “who” (siapa)

involves ordinary people;
• We identify the person through his/her age, gender,
occupation or citizenship;
• Names will be introduced in the subsequent paragraph;
 IMMEDIATE IDENTIFICATION
LEAD/PENDULU PENGENALAN SEGERA

• Also refer to the element of “who” but it involves someone

prominent and well-known;
• Sources is immediately introduced by the name in the intro
because he/she is already known (based on position,
occupation, rank etc)
• SUBANG: Prime Minister Tun Dr Mahathir
Mohamad denied claims that support for the Pakatan
Harapan government is waning.

• Dr Mahathir, who is also Parti Pribumi Bersatu chairman,

said the study, conducted by independent research firm
Merdeka Centre, was “inaccurate” as it only had
responses from a small group of people.

• “They did not ask the opinion of all Malaysians. The

support for the Pakatan Harapan government is still solid.
Even on the ground people still want to take pictures and
shake hands with us.
• (https://www.nst.com.my/news/politics/2019/10/527546/
dr-m-pakatan-not-losing-popularity)
 MULTIPLE FACTS LEAD/PENDULU
PELBAGAI FAKTA

• This approach is used when there are more there are than 1
facts that needs to reported immediately in one intro;
• MANILA (Reuters) - Philippine leader Rodrigo Duterte
suffered the biggest ratings slump of his presidency in the
third quarter, an independent pollster said on Tuesday, amid
signs of public unease about rising inflation and the cost of
staple foodgrain rice.
• ( 3 information in 1 paragraph)
 NEWSWRITING FORMAT

• Inverted Pyramid Format (Format Piramid Terbalik)

• (INTRO)
• A man pleaded guilty at the Sessions Court here yesterday to three sex-related
charges involving his 11-year-old daughter.

• (SUPPORTING DETAILS)
• The 41-year-old father of two admitted to committing incest and having
carnal intercourse against the order of nature with his eldest daughter at a
house in Marang at about 11am and 5am between Sept 20 and Sept 21.

•
• (The tail)
• The judge set tomorrow for the sentencing.

• Deputy public prosecutor Amer Abu Bakar Abdullah appeared for

• the prosecution while the man was unrepresented.
 “HOURGLASS” STYLE
• Used for Court reporting;
• Journalists write updates/new information in
• the first, second, third and fourth paragraph;
• Followed up by a chronology of the
• event;

• At the bottom/end, journalist further add

• new details
 MAN NABBED OVER PENANG DRUG
'FACTORY' CHARGED WITH
TRAFFICKING SYABU
• BUKIT MERTAJAM: A man was charged at the
magistrate’s court here today with trafficking syabu, two
weeks ago. (New information)
• However, no plea was recorded from Lee Wooi Keong,
46, after the charge was read to him before Magistrate
Dianne Ningrad Nor Azhar. (New information)
• Lee was charged with trafficking in 27.275gm of syabu at
a factory in Bukit Tengah's Small and Medium Industries
at 3pm on Sept 12. (Background info)
• He was charged under Section 39B(1) (a) of the
Dangerous Drug Act 1952 which carries mandatory death
penalty upon conviction. (Background info)
• Dianne Ningrad set Nov 23 for mention of the case. (New
information)
BUKIT MERTAJAM: A man was charged at the magistrate’s court
here today with trafficking syabu, two weeks ago. (New
information)
However, no plea was recorded from Lee Wooi Keong, 46, after
the charge was read to him before Magistrate Dianne Ningrad
Nor Azhar. (New information)
Lee was charged with trafficking in 27.275gm of syabu at a
factory in Bukit Tengah's Small and Medium Industries at 3pm
on Sept 12. (Background info)
He was charged under Section 39B(1) (a) of the Dangerous
Drug Act 1952 which carries mandatory death penalty upon
conviction. (Background info)

Dianne Ningrad set Nov 23 for mention of the case.

(New information)
 ADVANTAGES OF “HOURGLASS”

• 1. Important information must be at the first few

paragraphs;
• 2. Journalist can used naratives approach in newswriting;
• 3. Important information are repeated in the chronology of
event
• 4. More balanced in presenting information;
• 5. Able to attract the attention of readers to the end;

• 6. Able to prevent editors are doing heavy sub-editing to

the story;
 LIST TECHNIQUE

• This format was used when there is too many points to be

reported and cannot be presented in words;

• For example: statistics, figures or lists of tips

 10 FASTEST WAYS TO SLIM DOWN

• 1. Cut down the carbs;

• 2. Cut by half the portion of food to be eaten;
• 3. Drink water instead of caffeine;
• 4. Load your plates with fiber;
 ATTRIBUTION

• Attribution tells us who is your news sources that gives

you the information;
• It tells us the identity of the news sources (rank, position or
occupation);
• Identification of rank and position is important to indicate
the authority of the person interviewed when giving an
opinion;
• Can comprise of individuals (person), specific organization
(through organizations top management at press conference
or written press release);
• Attribution prevents your story from being plagiarized by
other journalists;
 TYPES OF QUOTATION/JENIS
PETIKAN KATA

• Quotations can be written in three ways :-

• (1) Complete Direct Quotation/ Petikan Kata Secara
Langsung dan Lengkap;
• (2) Partial Quotes/Petikan Kata Separa
• (3) Indirect & Paraphrase Quotes/Petikan Kata Tidak
Langsung
• (Carol Rich, 2003)
• The Selangor police chief said he could not give an estimate on
when the case could be wrapped up, as every aspect of the
investigation must be meticulously done.
• “It (the investigation) takes time.
• “We are busy investigating the case, including gathering
evidence and recording statements from individuals relevant to
the case,” he told a press conference after attending the state
police’s monthly assembly on Tuesday (Sept 25).

• Complete Direct Quotation/ Petikan Kata Secara

Langsung dan Lengkap;

•
 PARTIAL QUOTES/PETIKAN KATA
SEPARA

• The heart of British-born Queen Marie of

Romania is to be laid to rest in the palace in the
Carpathian Mountains where she died, ending a
journey of more than 70 years, the former royal’s
family said.
• Enclosed inside a small silver casket, the heart of
Marie, a granddaughter of Britain’s Queen
Victoria, “will lie on a plinth placed behind the
couch where she passed away on 18 July 1938 at
5.38 pm,” said the family, who live in Bucharest.
 PETIKAN KATA TIDAK LANGSUNG (INDIRECT &
PARAPHRASE QUOTES)
• TOKYO (Reuters) - Japanese Prime
Minister Shinzo Abe said he had
constructive talks on trade with U.S.
President Donald Trump in New York
on Sunday ahead of the second round of
trade dialogues between the two
countries this week.
• He told reporters in New York that they
spoke about trade and investment and
reaffirmed their commitment to
denuclearize the Korean Peninsula.
• “I will continue discussions
on trade with him in our
summit after economy
minister Motegi and U.S.
Trade Representative
Robert Lighthizer meeting,”
Abe told reporters in a
media briefing broadcast on
Japan’s NHK.
• (https://www.reuters.com/article
/us-usa-trade-japan/japans-pm-
says-talks-with-trump-on-trade-
were-constructive-ahead-of-
meetings-this-week-
idUSKCN1M40A4)
 CONCLUSION

• News format depends on the type of intro/lead & news;

• Attributing a source is important because information

within the report comes from sources that journalists
interviewed;
 REFERENCES

• Act against wrongdoings, says Ruler

• (https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nat
ion/2018/09/25/act-against-
wrongdoings-says-ruler-tuanku-
muhriz-reminds-seremban-reps-to-
perform-duties-with-integr/)