PGFT Fishing Course

Contents
page

Introduction 2-4

Section 1 Cutting wire on the rope socket 5 - 20

Section 2 Fishing wire with the tool string free 21 - 35

Section 3 Fishing wire with the toolstring stuck 36 - 40

Section 4 Fishing objects using overshots 41 - 49

Appendix Decision tree for wire breaks A1

Slickline wires and cables A2

Stem weight / well pressure graph A3

Pulling tool check list A4

Fishing tool box A5

Stem and fishing neck sizes A6

Tubing sizes and capacities A7

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Introduction

Fishing success is dominated by experience, which means that the success of the fishing
operation is heavily dependent upon the experience of the operator. His experience will be
utilised during the preparation, planning and execution phases of the fishing job.

Fishing operations by definition are non standard operations that require careful planning
and execution to protect the well and avoid costly workover operations. The cost of work-
over will of course include any loss of production normally associated with that particular
well. From that perspective the normally relatively low cost of slickline operations can
quickly be transformed into a very costly operation where the stakes are high.

The objective of slickline is to complete a set program as quickly and safely as possible
without getting the tools stuck or breaking the wire. Towards this objective the following
practices should be observed :-

- check and maintain equipment regularly

- function test all equipment to be run, especially pulling tools

- always make a drift run at the start of the operation

- always run a tool with an OD larger than the rest of the toolstring below the
jars

- do not overpull the wire, stick to the elastic limit

- keep the wire oiled and clean

- observe correct equalising procedures for flow control equipment

- concentrate on the job in hand

- try to visualise what is taking place downhole

- keep a careful record of the operational steps and the equipment run

- carefully check the well records before starting any operation

- plan and think ahead

- ask for assistance if you are unsure

- if a problem is encountered, pause and analyse the situation

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Fishing techniques are extremely varied and depend largely on the circumstances and well
conditions for each individual situation.

But in any given situation when a standard operation has encountered a problem we should,
fully explore all the available ways of solving the problem, an examination of the equipment
available on site, equipment in the base workshop and the logistics and economics of
mobilising any additional equipment. It should be borne in mind that it is sometimes more
economic to standby on the correct tools than to attempt an operation which could go wrong.
All associated slickline equipment must be checked and prepared, and proper developed
program which will include contingency measures if the planned course of action does
resolve the problem.

PAUSE PLAN PREPARE PERFORM

Pause

The first action in any given situation is the most important, and so long as the right
step is made the problem can be resolved, if however ‘a knee jerk’ reaction is taken the
results could be to turn an easily resolvable problem into something much more difficult.

Plan

This is a critical phase of the job, time spent here can be readily equated to time saved
at later stages in the operation.

Preparation

This phase will be used to carefully check well head equipment, toolstring components,
any special tools mobilised from base. The checking process will include the replacement
of any critical components. At this point special tools that were designed in the planning
phase will be manufactured, tested and mobilised.

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Perform

This the phase of well site activity where experience is the key word. The ‘feel’ and ‘touch’
that the fishing specialist possesses are impossible to quantify, but in this phase they are put
to the test.

Tools and Equipment

As part of the preparation phase the surface equipment should be checked

and prepared to be rigged up to cope with the new set of circumstances. The areas to
consider are :-

1) Are the Bop's sufficient to cover all the foreseeable circumstances,

e.g.. fishing 0.108” wire using 3/16” cable, then two set of rams will required.

2) Sufficient lubricator should be rigged up to allow the fishing string and

fish to be accommodated above the tree or Bop's if necessary.

3) Sufficient pumping capacity and hoses should be available on site to

operate the system safely and efficiently.

4) Ensure there are adequate facilities in the rig up for pressure monitoring,
testing and bleed-off.

5) For complex fishing operations, temporary kill lines should be rigged up and
tested. Their availability should be determined prior to commencing any in well activity.

6) Check that their is kill fluid available and ready for use.

7) Check that starting operations does not conflict with current regulations or
concurrent hazardous operations.

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Section 1 Cutting wire on the rope socket

Scenario :-
The slickline toolstring is stuck in the well, jar action has been lost,
and the wire is still connected to the winch.

This is a very common starting point for a fishing operation, importance must be attached
to knowing when jar action has been lost and for the operator not to keep exercising the
cable uselessly. Secondly the first course of action must be thought through, planned
correctly and then executed. From the time jar action has been lost the fishing job has
started. If all procedures and steps are followed then this type of fishing job is resolved
fairly quickly with out too much lost time to report.

Possible causes for the loss of jar action :-

a) well conditions, high viscosity fluid, high deviation, cork screwed’ tubing etc...

b) scissored jar, due either to excessive downward jarring, or jarring in the

casing using a long stroke jar.

c) tool string has been blown up the hole by differential pressure, either by
attempting to pull a lock with differential pressure across it, or attempting to open an SSD
or pull a gas lift valve with high differential pressure in the annulus.

d) tool string is stuck in sand, fill or below a bridge

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Types of tools to be used:-

1) Blind box

A blind box is used when heavy downward

jarring is required to dislodge a fish, or push
something down the hole. It is flat bottomed
and hardened to reduce wear and damage.
It is also widely used to cut wireline on a rope
socket during fishing operations. A blind box
is approximately 9” long with a male connection
and fishing neck looking up. The OD of the
blind box should be carefully matched to the
completion in which it will be used.

The blind box can be either dropped as a cutter

bar or run on wireline.

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2) Go-Devil

The go-devil is similar in appearance to slickline stem. It is available

in 1 1/2” and 1 7/8” OD sizes and in lengths which vary from 18” to 60”. A go-devil
has a slot machined along it’s length and possibly a filler plate which is held in place by
either roll pins or machine screws, leaving a hole in the centre to allow the go-devil to
run smoothly down the wire.

There are two types of Go-Devil :-

1) Beveled or Mule Shoe

used to cut the wire on the rope socket. It is very important prior to
dropping this cutter to determine if after the cutting action there is the possibility of
getting the go-devil stuck along side the fish. This could be the case in large size tubing
and casing. In these cases centralisers should be welded to the go-devil to increase it’s
outside diameter, but still allow it to cut the wire on the rope socket using a slicing action.

Length is determined by the type of fluid in the well, as rule of thumb,

long in heavy oil, short in light fluid. This tool is not recommended for use in gas wells as
velocities will too high and damage could be done to the fish and /or the tubing.

2) Flat Bottomed

used to initiate the cutting action of wireline cutters such as the Flopetrol
and the Kinley. It is also used when there isn’t a solid base to use a wireline cutter, when
for instance the toolstring has a nest of wire above the rope socket or the toolstring is
stuck through sand. In these cases the Flat bottom go-devil is dropped down the wire first,
followed by the cutter, followed by a further go-devil to activate the cutter.

Caution :
When ever a slickline tool such as a cutter or a go-devil is being assembled
over the closed BOP’s, then rags or a piece of wood should be used to prevent tool
components dropping down inside the BOP.

FTC S/L Fishing page 8

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3) Kinley Snepper

The Kinley Snepper is used to cut slickline wires at the rope socket when
the toolstring has become stuck or cannot be retrieved The tool is available in either
a 1 1/2” or 1 7/8” OD versions. The tool is assembled over the closed BOP, and all
components are slotted to allow for assembly around the wire.

The standard cutter will cut on the rope socket leaving approximately 3”
or wire sticking above the rope socket. At the same time as cutting the wire the tool
will crimp and clamp onto wire so that the cutter can then be retrieved to surface along
with the wire.

The Snepper can be run in a ‘upside down’ mode. This version is used to
prevent cutting prematurely on the fluid / gas interface, downhole restrictions or
side pocket mandrels. A flat bottom go-devil is dropped to strike the top cap plunger.
This will cause the cutting and crimping action of the cutter.

Caution:
When the Snepper is run in the ‘upside down’ mode a tail of wire of
approximately 18” remains above the rope socket of the fish. This remnant of wire
will have to be allowed for when attempting to fish the toolstring.

Caution:
The gripping action of the Snepper is not always guaranteed, occasionally
the wire will be recovered and the cutter and possibly the go-devil will remain in the
well. Therefore it is very important to check OD’s of the cutter and go-devil, and to
know the diameters of the toolstring in the well, to ensure the cutter and the go-devil
cannot bypass or become wedged along side the fish.

FTC S/L Fishing page 10

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4) Flopetrol Cutter

The Flopetrol cutter is a very effective and reliable means of cutting wire
on the rope socket of a toolstring which is stuck in the well. The cutter cuts the wire
very close ( 1/2”) to the rope socket and simultaneously positively grips the wire
between a tapered wedge and a small parallel bar. By changing internal components
in the cutter a single tool can be used to cut a wide range of wire sizes. Impact force
causes the rotating knife to turn against the stationary knife, and this action will cut and
bend the wire, and drive the tapered wedge upward. This action of bending and gripping
the wire holds the wire cutter onto the wire for recovery to surface with the wire.

The cutter can be used in two versions:-

1) Standard version, where only a cutter is dropped. There are dangers

of premature cutting using this version. The cutter could be activated on the fluid / gas
interface, tubing crossovers or restrictions, and side pocket mandrels.

2) Interface version, more commonly used. In this version a cutter is

made up to suit the wire size, assembled around the wire and over a closed BOP, then
dropped, followed by a go-devil which will strike the hammer. The impact force initiating
the cutting and gripping action.

The advantages of the interface version :-

- will not cut at an interface or restriction

- cutter and go-devil recovered with the wire

- clean cut close to the rope socket

- can be used in oil or gas (vary the length of the go-devil)

Caution:
Check internal components are sized for the wire to be cut

Check during assembly that the tool components are correctly orientated

Check after assembly the cutter slides freely on the wire

FTC S/L Fishing page 12

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Completion

The completion and the components that go to make up the completion

will have an influence on the decision making process and the procedure of the fishing
job.
The following factors will affect the decision making process :-

Tubing size tool selection

tool diameter
tool modifications prior to use

Deviation wire tension

cutter and go-devil velocity

Downhole jewelry crossovers

nipples
SPM’s

Packer tubing to packer attachment

mill out extension

Well fluid viscosity

displace high viscosity fluids
gas wells

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Alternative Toolstring Choices

Increasingly manufacturers are looking at the problem of toolstrings

becoming stuck and have developed a number of tools which offer the operator greater
choices and factors of safety when working in difficult downhole conditions.

The idea of the weakpoint is not new to the oilfield and for wireline logging
operations this is an essential component of a safe operation. When +the toolstring
becomes stuck a overpull can be applied to the cable from surface which will release
the wire at a pre-determined tension. This allows full recovery of the cable whilst
leaving a clean fishing neck for further remedial fishing operations.

Weakpoint rope sockets are now available for slickline operations

such as :
Petroline Releasable rope socket

PES TKO rope socket

BDKendle BDK safe joint

1) Petroline Releasable rope socket

The releasable rope socket

can be utilised with either slickline or
braided type cable and is designed to
release only in the event that the
toolstring becomes stuck downhole.

The device is activated by

a drop bar which is dropped down the
wire in a similar manner to a go-devil
or wire cutter.

When the drop bar contacts

the release trigger, the collet releases the
lower fishing neck. The upper housing
and the drop bar are retrieved to surface
leaving a clean fishing neck.

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2) PES TKO Rope Socket

The TKO rope socket is used in everyday slickline operations in place

of the traditional rope socket. The TKO rope socket allows the operator to leave the
toolstring in the hole and recover the wire, thus reducing the hazards associated with
wire cutting operations.

When the TKO rope socket is used the release mechanism with in the
tool will remain redundant while the toolstring weight hangs below. During normal
operations however this is not always the case, i.e.. resetting jars, downward jarring etc...
This should not concern the operator, because when the weight is slackened off the
release mechanism will take a considerable time to release. It should also be noted that
every time the weight is picked up by the winch the rope socket will re-set itself. However
when using the TKO rope socket it is good practice to retain some wire tension when
operations are delayed.

To release the TKO rope socket the operator must set down the toolstring
and slack off wire from the winch, so that the wire is lying on the deck. The wire must be
left like this for a minimum of one hour before picking up and releasing from the toolstring.
If the wire is picked up early the TKO rope socket will re-set and the whole operation will
have to be restarted.

If the toolstring is run in a highly deviated well it may be found that the TKO
rope socket will take longer to release. If the well is particularly cold, less than 70 0C, then
the time to release will be considerably longer.

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picture TKO rope socket

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3) BDK Safe Joint

The BDK safe joint / releasable

rope socket has been designed for use as a
standard item in the wireline toolstring.

The safe joint has a three point

safety release system :-

1) a calibrated controlled overpull

2) a short safety delay
3) a sit down soft release

By using the calibration tool the

overpull value can be varied to suit operating
conditions.

The tool is available in the

following sizes ;-
1 1/2”, 1 7/8”, 2 1/8”, 2 1/2”

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Procedure for dropping a cutter, or cutter bar

1) It is determined the toolstring is stuck or jar action has been lost

2) Close the BOP

3) Bleed off pressure from the riser, and observe to make sure there is a
positive seal around the wire

4) Disconnect the riser from the BOP, take care that wire is fed off from the
winch drum when picking up the riser

5) Assemble the cutter over the closed BOP rams, (or place the cutter bar
on the closed rams), perform the assembly checks with a cutter

6) Reconnect the riser to the BOP

7) Equalise the pressure across the closed BOP rams using the BOP
equalising device

8) When pressure is equalised open the BOP rams and close the equalising
device, the cutter or cutter bar will free fall down the well

9) Once satisfied that the cutter or cutter bar has dropped then repeat steps
2 - 8 if a go-devil is being used in conjunction with a cutter

10) Adjust the tension on the slickline wire so that there would be the
equivalent tension as if the jars were just opening on the toolstring

11) Depending on the well fluid - allow 1m for every 300m for the cutter to drop

12) If after a period of time and the cutter has not cut the wire, then ‘you-you’
the wire to change the tension on the wire, which may assist the cutter to go
down the well

13) Cutters will cut with at a very low velocity, which would be the case in a
deviated well

14) From the weight indicator or by observation of the hay pulley there will be an
indication when the wire is cut, at which point the operator can start to pull out of
the well. Taking care when passing through any downhole restrictions

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15) As the end end of the wire and the cutter approach the surface, well head
pressure acting on the cross sectional area of the wire will tend to ‘push’ the
wire out of the well, this effect can be counter-acted by applying pressure on
the stuffing box, or in extreme cases by closing up the BOP so that the wire is
stripped through the partially closed rams.
If the BOP has been used in the manner as described above then the inner
seals on the BOP rams should be changed before any further slickline activity
takes place

16) Check the counter when the cutter is pulled back to surface, this will verify
that the wire has been cut on the rope socket

17) Make up a new slickline toolstring and run in the hole with an impression
block to check the condition of the rope socket

18) In the case where the original fish was latched onto a lock mandrel it is
always advisable to shear off and release the pulling tool of the fish from the
fishing neck of the lock mandrel prior to retrieving the fish, and then make a
separate trip to retrieve the lock mandrel

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Section 2 Fishing wire with the tool string free

Scenario :-
The wire has broken whilst the toolstring has been in motion, which has
allowed the toolstring to free fall to the bottom of the well or to land off on a crossover,
lock mandrel etc.. without becoming stuck. the possible causes of this type of problem
could be :-
- wire breaks due to equipment failure on surface

- wire breaks due to a defect in the wire itself

- wire breaks through third party error

The first decision as in any fishing problem is the most important. The
decision
point here is if the toolstring is free or has become stuck after falling. If it is determined that
the toolstring is stuck then the next section will deal with that case. If however the toolstring
is determined as being free then the fishing procedure will be as follows.

The first point to determine is depth of the top of the wire (TOW). The two
most important facts that will determine the TOW will be wire size and tubing ID. With
these two it is possible to work out the wire fall and consequently the TOW. When slickline
wire is confined in a tubing but no longer under tension it will coil and shrink a small amount
in over length depending on the two factors, wire size and tubing ID. The following table
gives some examples of wire fall :-

Tubing size Wire size Fall ft / 1000’

2 3/8” 0.092” 10
2 1/2” 0.092” - 12
3 1/2” 0.092” 16
3 1/2” 0.108” 15
4 1/2” 0.092” 29
4 1/2” 0.018” 27

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Fall is measured from the level where the wire would be if it was standing
straight.

Wire remaining in the well is what is important, and this can be determined
by the reading on the counter when the broken end returns to surface.

To determine the actual depth of TOW we must find the following information:-

- how much wire remains in the hole

- where the TOW would be if it was standing straight

depth of toolstring - wire remaining in the hole = TOW

- how much the wire will fall

- where the wire actually is

straight depth - approx... wire fall = actual wire depth

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Example

An operator has tandem Amerada gauges hanging at 2500m. The wire is

accidentally cut at the master valve and the Amerada's drop 100m to rest at HUD.

Estimate the actual wire depth, tubing is 3 1/2”, wire is 0.092”

1) Draw a sketch and fill in known information, including the height of the
lubricator and the distance from the unit to the hay pulley as shown below.

2) Work out how much wire remains in the well.

Amerada's were at 2500m (this is the depth shown on the counter)

Wire was cut 1m above the zero, therefore the wire in the well, 2500 + 1 = 2501m

3) Where would the wire be if it was straight?

initially it was 1m above the tubing hanger. However the Amerada's fell 100m, so the wire
would be at 99m below the tubing hanger.

This is the point from which the wire fall is measured

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4) To calculate the wire fall - 0.092” wire in 3 1/2” tubing.

wire will fall approximately 1.2m for every 100m of wire in the well

wire remaining = 2501m

wire fall = 2501/ 100 x 1.2

= 30.012m

5) From this information we can determine approximately where to start searching for the
top of wire

If the wire was straight it would be 99m below the tubing hanger.

If it falls 30m, then the TOW will be 129m below the tubing hanger.

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Formula to calculate TOW

The operator is latched onto a plug when the wire breaks. (Assume no strain on
the wire, which is not likely but must be assumed to enable calculations to be made.) The wire
is 0.092” in 2 7/8” tubing. the Operator pulls the broken end back to the counter and checks
the reading, = 485m. Lubricator height = 7m, distance from unit to wellhead = 20m.

calculate the TOW using the following formula :-

T = [ D - ( C + d) ] + ( C + d x f ) + H
100

T = estimated top of wire

f = wire fall factor for wire / tubing size
D = depth of the toolstring in the well (when the wire broke)
d = distance from the counter to the zero point
H = distance the toolstring falls back down the well

for our example above : f = 0.092” wire in 2 7/8” tubing = 1m / 100m

D = 1950 m (toolstring depth when wire broke)

C = 485 m

d = 20 + 7 = 7 = 34

H = 0 (if the tools did not drop when the wire broke)

T = [ D - ( C + d) ] + ( C + d x f ) + H
100

T = [ 1950 - ( 485 + 34) ] + ( 485 + 34 x 1) + 0

100

T = ( 1950 - 519 ) + ( 519 x 1) + 0

100

T = 1431 + 5.19

T = 1436.19 m

The wire will be at approximately 1436 m, so this becomes the starting point with the wireline
finder.

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Types of tools to be used:-

In this section the tools can be divided into two types, those to locate the TOW,
and those to recover the wire.

Wire finders :- solid / slotted skirt

wireline scratcher
Bowen wireline finder / retriever
expandable wireline finder

Wireline grabs 2 prong / 3 prong

wireline finder / grab

Toolstring components tubular jar

1) Solid / slotted skirt wireline finders

The wireline finder is a one piece tool

designed to locate and ball the broken
end of the wire.

The wire finder can be either solid as

shown here, or the skirt can be multi-
fingered as in the slotted skirt design.

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Note :-

It is very important that the size of the blind box is correctly chosen.
Consideration must be given to the relative inside diameters of the tubing and
completion components, and it must be remembered that the end of the wire will
always be found against the tubing wall.
In the course of standard slickline operations our reference dimension
for tubing is the drift size, which is the guaranteed largest size of tool that can pass
through the tubing. However all tubing's will have a physical inside diameter, and
for the purposes of fishing this is the size we should consider and adjust the outside
diameter of the tools downwards from this dimension.

Some examples of drift and ID for standard weight tubing :-

Tubing lbs/ft Drift size ID Difference

2 /38” 4.6 1.995” 1.901” 0.094”

2 7/8” 6.4 2.347” 2.441” 0.094”
3 1/2” 9.2 2.867” 2.992” 0.125”
4 1/2’ 12.6 3.833” 3.958” 0.125”

(Drift and ID will vary according to the weight of the tubing)

Caution:-

There will be difficulties locating the TOW when it is below a restriction

in the tubing, even when using collapsible wireline finders, wireline scratchers or
baited grabs, the operator must adhere to locating the wire at the calculated depth
and not feel tempted to deepen the search.

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5) Wire Grab

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6) Wireline finder / grab

The finder / grab is used in the same way

as the conventional wireline grab to
retrieve broken wire from downhole.
However, with the addition of a wireline
finder skirt there are a number of benefits.
The number of runs needed can be
reduced as the finder / grab combination
negates the need for separate wire-finder
and wire grab runs. Also the the chance of
passing the top of the wire is significantly
reduced compared with a conventional
wire-grab.
Different sizes of wire-finders can be used
with each size of grab.

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7) Tubular Jar

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Procedure for locating and fishing wire.

1) When the wire parts in the course of a slickline operation, pull the end
of the wire to surface and get a reading from the counter, then perform the calculations
required to determine the TOW.

2) Before starting any slickline procedures plan the job.

3) Check over all surface equipment, including a verification of the functionality

of the BOP, and ensure the slickline tools are suitable for a fishing job.

4) Select the appropriate size of wireline finder, based upon completion

information and the estimated depth of the TOW. The type selected is usually decided
upon by the personal preference of the operator. Assemble a toolstring which will include
the appropriate size tubular jar in place of the regular spang jar.

5) Run the wireline finder to approximately 25’ above the expected depth,
take a very careful dynamic weight (pulling tension). Run down very gently, at a very
low speed, if the wire is not found after passing the top of the wire, approximately 10’,
pull up very slowly past the estimated depth of the wire. Observing the weight indicator
for any changes in weight. Repeat going down, but don’t go too far past the TOW, again
if the wire is not located pull up. Keep repeating the steps slowly working down the well.
If the wire is not located in the area where it is expected, do not go any deeper than
50’ -75’, pull out and check the tools. Consider increasing the working diameter of the
finder.

6) If the wire is located where expected, it will be seen that the tension
slowly subsides as the wire gradually takes the full weight of the fishing string. When it is
possible to close the jars, then it will be possible to create a ball or nest of wire. It is
important to only ball up approximately 5’ - 10’, otherwise the ball will be to big and will
pose difficulties for recovery.

7) Pull the finder back to surface, and replace with a wireline grab. The
wireline grab is always run with a pulling tool, so that in the event the wire or the fish
becomes stuck it is then possible to release from the fish. A jar up to release pulling tool
is always used.

8) Run the wireline grab down to the nest of wire, take a dynamic weight
just above, then run down to and latch the wire, carefully check the tension when starting
to pull up and recover to surface.

9) Pull the fishing string right up to the stuffing box, then close the BOP
around the wire and bleed off the lubricator.

10) Set up the hydraulics on the winch to spool out wire when the lubricator
is lifted. Disconnect the lubricator, and at the first opportunity install a wireline fishing clamp
above the BOP to support the wire and toolstring hung off below the BOP

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11) When the wire is secured, lower the wireline grab out of the riser.
CAUTION, often it is necessary to jar the toolstring down, and when it breaks loose from
the riser it will drop suddenly, all personnel should be clear from underneath the riser.

12) Cut the wire as close as possible to the wireline grab.

13) Lay the lubricator down and shorten the assembly by removing as many
sections as possible, remove the fishing toolstring.

14) Back feed the wire through a riser and the stuffing box, and reconnect
the end to the wire from the winch.

15) Pick up the lubricator and stuffing box assembly and position it above
the BOP. Pull enough tension on the wire with the winch to enable the wireline fishing
clamp to be removed.

16) Reconnect the riser to the BOP. Equalise across the closed rams of
the BOP using the BOP equalising device. Open the BOP and start pulling the wire onto
the winch. It will be necessary to reposition the hay pulley for the knot between the two
wires to pass. Also the counter device on the slickline unit will have to be passed by the
knot.

17) When sufficient wire has been recovered it will be necessary to

re-install the original number of lubricator sections, to accommodate the fish when it
is recovered to surface. Again the BOP will utilised and the wire cut and back feed
as per steps 13 - 16.

Note :-
If in-sufficient wire is above the BOP for back feeding it will be necessary
to lengthen it. This can be done by pulling more with the fishing string, this will require
the removal of the wireline clamp, opening of the BOP and pulling up the wire using the
winch. This procedure will be necessary on higher pressure wells. Alternatively the wire
can be stripped through the closed rams of the BOP, as can be done on low pressure
wells.

Caution :-
The Bowen wireline finder / retriever should be run on a pulling tool.

Caution :-
There is a lot of danger associated with passing the top of the wire with a
wireline finder, especially if the wire is found deeper in the well, the wire above will
eventually ball up above the toolstring and cause serious problems with recovery. If the
wire is not located be prepared to pull to surface check and change the toolstring. The
end of the wire could be hooked into a collar or a nipple recess and will need additional
persuasion to be caught.

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Section 3 Fishing wire with the toolstring stuck

Possible causes for the wire break :-

- Wire failed on the hay pulley during heavy jarring. The weakest point of
the wire when under load is at the hay pulley. It is subjected to very nearly the
highest tension, but also submitted to a reverse bend. Under extreme conditions a
maximum time limit of 4 hours is set for heavy jarring at any given point, then the
toolstring has to be released, either but shearing a pin in the pulling tool, or in extreme
circumstances by cutting the wire on the rope socket.

- Wire failed due to a defect

- Wire cut high by a cutter or a blind box

The first decision point is dictated by the circumstances which have lead
to the breakage of the wire. With the toolstring stuck in the well the only course of action
is to cut the wire on the rope socket and remove it so that the original fish can be dealt
with separately. By attempting to fish the wire first one will not be able to get any jarring
or pulling effect on to the bottom fish, as the wire will act as giant spring and dissipate
any efforts made.

Types of tools to be used:-

- blind box

- wireline finder

- wireline grab

- side wall cutter

The decision to be made is what technique will be employed to cut the wire.

- drop a blind box in an attempt to damage the wire on the

rope socket, then latch the wire and work it to break from the rope socket. There is the
danger that the wire could be cut higher up the completion

- run a blind box on wire through the wire in the well to the fish
and jar down sufficiently to break the wire on the rope socket.

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- Run a side wall cutter on a pulling tool to cut the wire and remove
in sections from higher up the well. There might be an operational reason why
it is not possible to get down to the rope socket.

Side Wall Cutter

The side wall cutter is designed to be run down the well besides the
broken wire and to cut it against the tubing wall.
This tool can be run on shear down to release pulling tool or using a
C running tool. The cutters are equipped with a shear pin which prevents
premature expansion.
The cut wire must be recovered before any attempt is made to pull
the cutter as the loose end of the wire would become caught above the cutter.

FTC S/L Fishing page 37

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Procedure for cutting wire on the rope socket :-

1) Prepare a slickline toolstring to include rope socket, stem, tubular jar and
blind box. Redress the face of the blind box to remove any marks from previous jobs.

2) Careful selection of the size of the blind box is very important, the OD
should be small enough to travel smoothly through the wire, whilst still being large
enough to guarantee that it will cut the wire on the rope socket.

3) Run in the hole to the just above the calculated top of wire. Very carefully
check pulling tension. Set up the winch to be able to run in the well with the hydraulic
system acting as a brake.

4) Attempt to pass through the top of wire. Very careful observation of the
weight indicator, checking for any weight loss. The chamfer on the blind box normally
allows the tool free passage through wire. Once past the TOW proceed in the well at
approximately 180 - 200 ft/min, taking caution when passing any downhole jewelry.

NOTE :-
Wire coiling in the confines of the tubing will create fairly high frictional forces,
this force will at some point deeper into the wire be able to maintain the wire under a certain
amount tension, which will be the case for the wire directly above the rope socket.

5) When the blind box is approximately 25’ above the fish, check the dynamic
weight. Then descend slowly onto the rope socket and set down weight. Jar down between
7 - 10 times, enough to ensure the wire is cut. The greater the deviation, then the more
jars.

6) When downward jarring is complete, pull up very carefully for at least 200’,
carefully monitoring the tension. At the first indication of an increase in tension, stop the
winch, lower the toolstring slowly, then pickup and attempt to pass up a second time.
Patience is required for this phase in the job, once the blind box string has been pulled clear
with out any increase in tension, then continue to pull out of the hole at a constant
speed.

7) With the toolstring back on surface, check the face of the blind box for
evidence that good clean contact was made with the rope socket.

8) Proceed with wire fishing operations as per section 2 of these notes.

Caution :-
Dropping a blind box, stem and rope socket could achieve the desired
objective, however once it is below the Christmas tree the operator has no control over it,
be prepared for the wire to be cut higher up the well than anticipated, or even for the blind
box to be caught up in the TOW. Take care dropping any objects in a gas well.

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Procedure for fishing short lengths of wire :-

Often 1’ of wire can cause more headaches than 1000’, because of the
difficulty to locate it, then snagged it sufficiently onto the fishing tool, and then to keep it in
place on the trip out of the well and back to surface. Sometimes the techniques employed
to check that the wire is fishing will allow the wire to fall off the fishing tool. These short lengths
of wire cannot be ignored as their presence within the well-bore will disrupt future slickline
or wireline interventions, possibly with disastrous results.
Changes in tubing diameter and restrictions caused by nipples can dislodge
the short piece of wire from the the fishing tool. Often the fishing equipment has been
‘created’ by the operator running the job, based on his experiences.
Often at the conclusion of a large fishing operation where wire and tools
have eventually been recovered from the well-bore, it is important to cleanup the well by
removing all the debris, like pieces of wire.

Types of tools to be used:-

The tools used will include all the tools discussed
in previous sections. Luck plays a considerable part in the success of this operation and
this leads to personal preferences in tool choice for the operator.

- wireline scratcher (see section 1)

- baited grab

Baited grab
A conventional 2 or 3 prong wireline grab has slickline wire wrapped around the
prongs with ends of the wire secured to the grab by being passed through pre-drilled holes.
It is often difficult to get the baited grab initially to run smoothly down the well bore, but
with perseverance it will pass. With sufficient wire attached to the prongs of the grab the
tool as it passes through the tubing will sweep up all the small pieces of wire.

Procedures :-

1) Run a wireline scratcher with wire pieces installed to correspond to the

completion ID, caution must be taken when running this type of tool through nipple seal
bores as the slickline wire will damage and scratch the surface. The objective is to try and
push down and out of the tubing any small pieces of wire or debris in the well bore.

2) Run the wireline scratcher at a constant speed using the winch hydraulic
system to act as a brake, so that if there is any obstruction in the well bore the toolstring will
then be held up.

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3) Normally if any wire, no matter how short is encountered, the toolstring

will be held up. Attempts should be made to catch the wire, a few jars can be attempted,
but the ‘springing’ effect of the wire can work against this step. However by working the
slickline toolstring the wire can be lodged onto the scratcher.

4) It is difficult to identify if the wire piece has been caught or not. in order to
avoid long wasted trips out of the well it is important to determine if the wire is caught or
not. Stop the toolstring and try to run down, if the wire is on the toolstring will be hang up,
this is a fair indication that the fishing is successful. Pull out of the hole at a constant
speed.

5) The running procedure for the baited grab is identical to that of the
scratcher.

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Section 4 Fishing with Overshots

Overshots are often required for fishing operations where tools or equipment
have broken, backed off or been damaged and fishing by conventional means is not possible.
Overshots are an essential tool to have available in the base, and should be always be
included in the fishing toolbox.

Occasions when an overshot would be required :-

1) fishing neck is worn or damaged

2) there is no fishing neck

The main types of overshot are :-

- O’Bannon
- Flopetrol self releasing overshot
- Bowen

The principle of all overshots is the same. a set of hardened steel slips, with
sharp upward facing teeth, grip the fish. A spring assists these slips to engage initially.
However, the upward pull and the upward jarring sets the slips tighter because of the tapered
ID of the skirt. This moves upwards against a matching taper on the slips, increasing the
grip force.

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O’Bannon Overshots

The O’Bannon Type B Socket.

This is a combination fishing socket overshot which combines two different size
slips in the same housing. The tool was developed for the recovery of broken sucker rods from
wells operating with pump jacks. The combination of the two sets of slips allows the tool to be
sized to fish the pump rod in the upper slips and a rod coupling in the lower slips. The tool can
be supplied with a wide range of slips for each nominal size.

Once the O’Bannon overshot is latched onto a fish it cannot be released, so it

is advisable to run the overshot on a pulling tool. In the event the fish cannot be recovered or
when it is time to redress the fishing string the pulling tool can be sheared off and the toolstring
returned to surface.

Type B Socket
A combination socket for fishing “soft” rods, pins and couplings.

No. Part Nos.

Item Description req'd Regular Oversize
2" tbg 2 1/2" tbg 3" tbg 2 1/2" tbg
type B socket BS11-20 BS11-25 BS11-30 SS20-25
A top sub 1 BS6-20 BS6-25 BS6-30 BS6-25
pin thread size 15/16" 1 1/16" 1 3/16" 1 3/16"
B outer bowl 1 BS5-20 BS5-25 BS5-30 SS5-25
outside diameter 1 29/32" 2 11/32" 2 13/16" 2 11/32"
C upper spring 1 BS7-20 BS7-25 BS7-30 BS7-25
D spring ring 1 BS14-20 BS14-25 BS14-30 BS14-25
E upper slips (with spring ring) 1
7/16" - 5/8" BS15-20 BS15-25 BS15-25
5/8" - 3/4" BS3-20 BS3-25 BS3-3- BS3-25
3/4" - 7/8" BS12-20 BS12-25 BS12-3- BS12-25
7/8" - 1" BS19-25 BS19-30 BS19-25
F inner bowls 1 BS4-20 BS4-25 BS4-30 BS4-25
G lower spring 1 BS2-20 BS2-25 BS2-30 BS2-25
H retainer ring 1 BS13-2- BS13-25 BS13-30 BS13-25
I lower slips (with retainer ring) 1
7/8" - 1" BS8-20 BS8-25
1 1/16" BS16-20 BS16-25 BS16-30
1 3/16" BS20-25 BS20-30
1 1/8" - 1 3/8" BS9-20 BS9-25 BS9-30
1 3/8" - 1 1/2" BS1-20
1 3/8" - 1 5/8" BS1-25
1 1/2" - 1 15/16" BS1-30
1 5/8" - 1 13/16" SS1-25

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O’Bannon Regular Overshot Socket

Developed for fishing rods and hardened couplings. This tool can be run as
the regular Overshot Combination Socket, which will incorporate and upper and lower
section. A set of slips will be run in the upper section, and a collet (or slip unit) in the lower
section.
Alternatively the overshot can be run as the regular Overshot Coupling socket
with just the lower section, in this case items B, C,D, and E are not included in the
assembly. (see diagram below)

Item Description No. Part Nos.

req'd 2" tbg 2 1/2" tbg 3" tbg
reg. Overshot Combination Socket CH21-20 CH21-25 CH21-30
reg. Overshot Coupling Socket CH11-20 CH11-25 CH11-30
A top sub 1 CH3-20 CH3-25 CH3-30
pin thread size 15/16" 1 1/16" 1 3/16"
B outer bowl 1 CH5-20 CH5-25 CH5-30
outside diameter 1 29/32" 2 11/32' 2 13/16"
C upper spring 1 BS7-20 BS7-30 CH6-30
D upper slips (with spring ring) 1
7/16" - 5/8" BS15-20 BS15-25
5/8" - 3/4" BS3-20 BS3-25 BS3-30
3/4" - 7/8" BS12-20 BS12-25 BS12-30
7/8" - 1" BS19-25 BS19-30
E spring ring 1 BS14-20 BS14-25 BS14-30
F lower bowl 1 CH2-20 CH2-25 CH2-30
G lower spring 1 BS2-20 BS2-25 BS2-30
H lower slips (with retainer ring) 1
1 3/8" od coupling CH4A-20 CH4A-25
1 7/16" od coupling CH4B-20 CH4B-25
1 1/2" od coupling CHAC-20 CH4C-25 CH4C-30
1 9/16" od coupling CHAD-20 CH4D-25 CH4D-30
1 5/8" od coupling CH4E-25 CH4E-30
1 11/16" od coupling CH4F-20 CH4F-30
1 3/4" od coupling CH4G-25 CH4G-30
1 13/16" od coupling CH4H-25 CH4H-30
1 7/8" od coupling CH4J-30
2" od coulping CH4L-30
2 1/16" od coupling CH4M-30
2 3/16" od coupling CH4P-30

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O’Bannon Oversize Overshot Socket

This is a special rather than a regular socket. It is similar to the Regular

Overshot Socket, but the bowls and slip units are thinner, consequently it is not as strong
as the Regular Overshot Socket, and special care should be taken when running it.

Item Description No. Part Nos.

req'd 2" tbg 2 1/2" tbg 3" tbg
oversize Overshot Combination Socket OS21-20 OS21-25 OS21-30
oversize Overshot Coupling Socket OS11-20 OS11-25 OS11-30
A top sub 1 OS3-20 OS3-25 OS3-30
pin thread size 1 1/16" 1 3/8" 1 9/16"
B outer bowl 1 OS5-20 OS5-25 OS5-30
outside diameter 1 29/32" 2 11/32' 2 13/16"
C upper spring 1 BS7-20 BS7-30 CH6-30
D upper slips (with spring ring) 1
5/8 - 3/4' BS3-20
3/4" - 7/8" BS12-20 BS12-25 BS12-30
7/8' - 1' BS19-25 BS19-30
1" - 1 1/8" BS21-30
E spring ring 1 BS14-20 BS14-25 BS14-30
F lower bowl 1 OS2-20 OS2-25 OS2-30
G lower spring 1 BS2-20 BS2-25 BS2-30
H lower slips (with retainer ring) 1
1 1/2" od coupling OS4C-20
1 9/16" od coupling OS4D-20
1 5/8" od coupling OS4E-20 OS4E-25 OS4E-30
1 13/16" od coupling OS4H-25 OS4H-30
1 7/8" od coupling OS4J-25
1 15/16" od coupling OS4K-25
2" od coulping OS4L-25 OS4L-30
2 3/16" od coupling OS4P-30
2 3/8 od coupling OS4R-30

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Flopetrol Self Releasing Overshot

The Flopetrol Self Releasing Overshot is used to fish wireline tools which have
no fishing neck, or equipment which is broken and cannot be recovered by conventional
means.

The overshot is manufactured in sizes for 2 3/8”, 2 7/8”, 3 1/2” and 4” tubing.
The tool can be supplied with a wide range of slips for each nominal size, plus there are
various skirt options which increase the size range.

One major advantage of the Flopetrol Overshot is that in the event it is not
possible to recover the fish, the tool can be released form the fish. By downward jarring
the shear pin (12), a 1/4” brass or steel pin can be sheared which will allow the sliding slip
support (2) to move upwards inside the tool and will releasing the slips from the fish.

CAUTION :
As with all jar down to shear tools the Flopetrol overshot MUST
be function checked on surface prior to running. This is to verify that the tool will release and
that the correct core extension has been installed. Refer overleaf to diagram A, where
dimension X > dimension Y, or the core extension is in contact with the fish , but not the skirt.

Operation (refer to diagram overleaf)

A Tool in running position

B When latching the slips move upwards and slide over the fish
until the core or the core extension make contact with the top
of the fish.The fish is then caught in the slips under the action
of the spring (5). The spring and the conical end of the skirt
squeeze the slips so that upward jarring can start to attempt
to free the fish. The harder the jarring, the tighter the grip.

C Should it prove impossible to free the fish, the shear pin (12)
permits the overshot to be released by jarring down.
Once the pin is sheared the two latches (7) hold the sliding
support slip in the upward position which will keep the slips
retracted. The overshot can then be retrieved making it possible
to change the toolstring configuration or the size of line.

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FTC S/L Fishing page 46

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FTC S/L Fishing page 47

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Bowen Overshots

Series 10 Sucker Rod Overshot.

Series 10 Sucker Rod Overshots are designed for
engaging and retrieving sucker rods, couplings and
other similar items from inside tubing strings.

The Bowen series 10 overshots are available in sizes

to engage up to 2” OD inside 2 7/8” tubing, and up to
1 5/8” OD inside 2 3/8” tubing.

The Bowen series 10 overshot consists of a top sub,

a bowl, a spiral grapple, and a control guide. When
a basket grapple is used in the series 10 assembly,
a basket grapple control and a plain guide are
required.

When running the Bowen series 10 on sucker rod

it is possible to turn the tool to assist with latching
or unlatching, however this is not possible when
the tool is run on slickline, it is advisable to run
the overshot in conjunction with a jar up to release
tool in the event a problem is encountered down-
hole.

Specifications - Series 10 Bowen Sucker Rod Overshot

maximum catch
1 1/16" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 1 1/2" 1 5/8" 1 5/8" 1 13/16" 1 15/16" 2" 2" 2 3/8"
spiral
maimum catch
7/8' 1 1/16" 1 5/16" 1 5/16" 1 7/16' 1 7/16" 1 5/8" 1 3/4" 1 13/16' 1 13/16" 2 3/16"
basket
overshot OD 1 9/16" 1.43" 1 25/32" 1 29/32" 1 29/32" 2 5/16" 2 5/16" 2 1/4" 2 5/16' 2 7/8" 2 27/32'
top connection
3/4 rod 3/4 rod 3/4 rod 3/4 rod 3/4 rod 7/8 rod 7/8 rod 7/8 rod 7/8 rod 7/8 rod 7/8 rod
standard
type F.S. S.H. S.H. S.H. S.H. F.S. S.F.S S.H. S.H. F.S. S.H.

assembly no. 9790 17985 13940 9990 9340 9880 11480 16070 9400 9530 15860

top sub 9791 17986 13941 9341 9341 9341 11481 16071 9401 9531 15863

bowl 9792 17987 13942 9991 9342 9881 11482 16072 9402 9532 15861

spiral grapple 9793 17988 13943 9992 9343 9343 11483 16073 9403 9403 9872

control guide 9796 17989 13945 9993 9349 9883 11484 16076 9406 9535

basket grapple 9793 17988 13943 9992 9343 9343 11483 16073 9403 9403 9872

grapple control 9794 18003 13947 9993 9344 9344 11485 16074 9405 9405 9873

plain guide 9795 18004 13944 9994 9345 9345 11486 16075 9404 9533 15862
Note : Grapples available in 1/16” intervals
F.S. (full strength)
S.F.S. (semi full strength)
S.H. (slim hole)

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Series 20 Bowen Short Catch Sucker Rod Overshot.

The series 20 Bowen Short Catch Overshot is

designed to catch and recover items from the well
bore which are too short for either the Bowen series
10 or other conventional overshots to engage.

The series 20 overshot consists of a top sub, a bowl,

a grapple control and a basket grapple. It differs
from the series 10 in that there is no guide, and the
grapple control is above the basket grapple,
allowing the basket grapple to be place at the lower-
most position in the bowl.

Operation of the series 20 overshot is identical to

that of the series 10 overshot.

Specifications - Series 20 Bowen Short Catch Sucker Rod Overshot

maximum catch
7/8' 1' 1 1/4" 1 3/8" 1 1/2" 1 13/16" 2 1/8"
basket

overshot OD 1 3/4" 1 3/8" 1 5/8" 1 3/4" 1 29/32" 2 5/16" 2 25/32"

top connection
3/4 rod 3/4 rod 3/4 rod 3/4 rod 3/4 rod 7/8 rod 7/8 rod
standard

type S.H. S.H. S.H. S.H. S.H. S.H. S.H.

assembly no. 17315 25780 28760 18355 11555 17438 18305

top sub 17316 25781 28761 18356 9341 9401 18306

bowl 17317 25782 28762 18357 11556 17439 18307

basket grapple 17318 25783 28763 18358 11557 17440 18308

grapple control 17319 25784 28764 18359 11558 17441 18309

Note : Grapples available in 1/16” intervals

F.S. (full strength)
S.H. (slim hole)

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FTC S/L Fishing page

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Decision tree for wire breaks

wire breaks

at surface below surface

end above surface end below surface

toolstring still stuck no close BOP

yes
yes wire across BOP no
can toolstring be
freed

yes no

drop wireline re-connect wire to box off on rope

cutter drum and spool in socket

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Slickline wires and cables

minimum
sheave weight stretch
breaking corrosion resistance
diameter lb/1000' 1"/100'/100lb
load

IPS API 9A 0.092" 1545 11 22.66 0.70 H2s + CO2 V. poor, may be used in low
H2S (2-3ppm)
0.108" 2110 13 31.23 0.51 Chlorides(brine salt) good - wire must be cleaned
after use to prevent pitting
0.125" 2830 15 41.84 0.38 H2S + CO2+chloride extremely poor due to the
presence of H2S+CO2

UTH API 9A 0.092" 2050 11 22.66 0.7 H2s + CO2 extremely poor may not be used
in any concentrations
0.108" 2730 13 31.23 0.51 Chlorides(brine salt) good - wire must be cleaned
after use to prevent pitting
0.125" 3665 15 41.84 0.38 H2S + CO2+chloride extremely poor due to the
presence of H2S+CO2

SUPA 70 0.092" 1600 11 23.29 0.79 H2s + CO2 excellent in all concentrations

0.108" 2100 13 32.1 0.58 Chlorides(brine salt) excellent

0.125" 2600 15 43 0.43 H2S + CO2+chloride may be used with caution risk
of stress corrosion cracking

SUPA 75 0.092" 1550 11 23.29 0.79 H2s + CO2 excellent in all concentrations

0.108" 2030 13 32.1 0.58 Chlorides(brine salt) excellent

0.125" 2560 15 43 0.43 H2S + CO2+chloride good superior to Supa 70

SUPA 80 0.092" 1625 11 23.29 0.79 H2s + CO2 excellent in all concentrations

0.108" 2175 13 32.1 0.58 Chlorides(brine salt) excellent

0.125" 2775 15 43 0.43 H2S + CO2+chloride good superior to Supa 75

3/16" Cable 0.187" 4960 12 71 galvanised

3/16" Cable 0.187" 4320 12 71 SUPA 70 /75

7/32" Cable 0.228" 6610 14 96 galvanised

7/32" Cable 0.228" 5842 14 96 SUPA 70 /75

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Stem weight versus well pressure graph

8 0.108” 3/16”

7
well pressure psi (thousands)

4 5/16”

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340

stem weight in lbs

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Pulling Tool Check List

- right size

-core length

- shear pin material

- dogs, skirt, spring condition

- assembly tightened

- dogs release when shear pin removed

- FUNCTION CHECK

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Fishing Tool Box - Example

The following list is an example of a dedicated fishing tool box as assembled for the
slickline operation in Warri, Nigeria.

This tool box normally remains in the base until required on location for fishing
operations, and once the job is terminated the tool box is returned to the base for
maintenance and storage until required again.

The recommendation is to use only ORIGINAL equipment, i.e. Camco pulling tools etc..

1) Wireline grabs, 11/2”, 2”. 2 1/2”, 3”

2) Spare rope sockets, 1 1/2”, 1 7/8”

3) Stretch simulator, 1 7/8” Otis type

2 1/8” Flopetrol type for big cable work

4) Upstroke jars 1 1/2”, 1 3/4” hydraulic jars

1 1/2”, 1 7/8”, Petroline spring jars

5) Heavy duty pulling tools 2”, 2 1/2”, 3” nominal sizes

6) Flopetrol overshot with slips and skirts for 2 3/8” - 4 1/2” tbg sizes

7) Self releasing spear adapters and slips for 2 3/8” - 5 1/2” tbg sizes

8) Tubular jars 1 1/2”, 1 7/8”

9) Flopetrol wireline cutter for wire sizes 0.108”, 0.125”, 3/16”, 7/32”

10) W/L finders / retrievers for tubing sizes 2 3/8”, 2 7/8”, 3 1/2”
4 1/2”, 5”, 7”

11) Blind boxes to suit tubing sizes as above

12) Wireline scratcher

13) Heavy duty stems must be tungsten filled, example Petroline

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Details of common stem sizes

Nominal Thread Fishing Maximum Approximate weight

size connection neck OD per foot
(ins) OD (ins) (ins) lbs kgs
3/4" 5/8" - 11 0.750" 0.750" 1.50 0.68
1" 5/8" - 11 1.000" 1.000" 2.66 1.21
1 1/4" 3/4" - 10 1.187" 1.250" 4.16 1.90
1 1/2" 3/4" - 10 1.375" 1.500" 6.00 2.73
1 7/8" 1 1/16" - 10 1.750" 1.875" 9.37 4.26
2 1/8" 1 1/16" - 10 1.750" 2.125" 12.04 5.47
2 1/2" 1 1/16" - 10 1.750" 2.500" 16.66 7.60

Rule of thumb for calculating the weight of a solid stem :-

stem OD2 x 8/3 = weight lbs / ft

External fishing neck chart

Toolstring
Diameter 'A' Diameter 'B'
size
(nominal) Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum

3/4" 0.750 0.740 0.630 0.620

1" 1.000 0.990 0.880 0.870
1 1/4" 1.187 1.177 1.060 1.030
1 1/2" 1.375 1.365 1.190 1.160
1 7/8" 1.750 1.740 1.500 1.470
2 1/8" 1.750 1.740 1.500 1.470
2 1/2" 2.313 2.303 2.060 2.030

Internal fishing neck chart

Toolstring
Diameter 'A' Diameter 'B'
size
(nominal) Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum

2.062" 1.06 1.08 1.22 1.24

2.375" 1.38 1.40 1.57 1.59
2.875" 1.81 1.83 2.00 2.02
3.500" 2.31 2.33 2.50 2.52

FTC S/L Fishing page A6

PGFT Fishing Course

Tubing dimensions and capacity

Size Weight ID Drift bbl/ft

(in) lb/ft (in) (in)
1.900" 2.90 1.610 1.516 0.0025
2.063" 3.25 1.751 1.657 0.0030
2.375" 4.70 1.995 1.901 0.0039
2.875" 6.40 2.441 2.347 0.0058
2.875" 8.60 2.259 2.165 0.0050
3.500" 9.30 2.992 2.867 0.0087
3.500" 10.20 2.992 2.797 0.0083
3.500" 12.95 2.750 2.625 0.0074
4.500" 12.75 3.958 3.883 0.0152

FTC S/L Fishing page A7